tools/README.txt ================ This README file addresses the contents of the NuttX tools/ directory. The tools/ directory contains miscellaneous scripts and host C programs that are necessary parts of the NuttX build system. These files include: README.txt ---------- This file! astyle.sh --------- A C formatting tool from Lorenz Meier. This is based on astyle and gets very close to the NuttX coding style. Config.mk --------- This file contains common definitions used by many configuration files. This file (along with /.config) must be included at the top of each configuration-specific Make.defs file like: -include $(TOPDIR)/.config include $(TOPDIR)/tools/Config.mk Subsequent logic within the configuration-specific Make.defs file may then override these default definitions as necessary. configure.sh configure.bat configure.c, cfgparser.c, and cfgparser.h ------------ configure.sh is a bash script that is used to configure NuttX for a given target board in a environment that supports POSIX paths (Linux, Cygwin, OSX, or similar). See configs/README.txt or Documentation/NuttxPortingGuide.html for a description of how to configure NuttX with this script. configure.c, cfgparser.c, and cfgparser.h can be used to build a work-alike program as a replacement for configure.sh. This work-alike program would be used in environments that do not support Bash scripting (such as the Windows native environment). configure.bat is a small Windows batch file that can be used as a replacement for configure.sh in a Windows native environment. configure.bat is actually just a thin layer that executes configure.exe if it is available. If configure.exe is not available, then configure.bat will attempt to build it first. In order two build configure.exe from configure.c in the Windows native environment, two assumptions are made: 1) You have installed the MinGW GCC toolchain. This toolchain can be downloaded from http://www.mingw.org/. Tt is recommended the you not install the optional MSYS components as there may be conflicts. 2) That path to bin bin/ directory containing mingw-gcc.exe must be included in the PATH variable. discover.py ----------- Example script for discovering devices in the local network. It is the counter part to apps/netutils/discover mkconfig.c, cfgdefine.c, and cfgdefine.h ---------------------------------------- These are Cs file that are used to build mkconfig program. The mkconfig program is used during the initial NuttX build. When you configure NuttX, you will copy a configuration file called .config in the top level NuttX directory (See configs/README.txt or Documentation/NuttxPortingGuide.html). The first time you make NuttX, the top-level makefile will build the mkconfig executable from mkconfig.c (using Makefile.host). The top-level Makefile will then execute the mkconfig program to convert the .config file in the top level directory into include/nuttx/config.h. config.h is a another version of the NuttX configuration that can be included by C files. cmdconfig.c ----------- This C file can be used to build a utility for comparing two NuttX configuration files. kconfig2html.c -------------- This is a C file that can be used build a utility for converting the NuttX configuration in the Kconfig files to an HTML document. This auto-generated documentation will, eventually, replace the manually updated configuration documentation that is fallling woefully behind. $ tools/kconfig2html.exe -h USAGE: tools/kconfig2html [-d] [-a ] {-o ] [] tools/kconfig2html [-h] Where: -a : Select relative path to the apps/ directory. Theis path is relative to the . Default: ../apps -o : Send output to . Default: Output goes to stdout -d : Enable debug output -h : Prints this message and exits is the directory containing the root Kconfig file. Default : . mkconfigvars.sh --------------- The HTML documentation expects to have a copy of the auto-generated configuration variable documentation Documentation/NuttXConfigVariables.html. The script mkconfigvars.sh is a simple script that can be used to re-generated that file as needed. $ tools/mkconfigvars.sh -h tools/mkconfigvars.sh is a tool for generation of configuration variable documentation USAGE: tools/mkconfigvars.sh [-d|h] [-v ] Where: -v The NuttX version number expressed as a major and minor number separated by a period -d Enable script debug -h show this help message and exit mkexport.sh and Makefile.export ------------------------------- These implement part of the top-level Makefile's 'export' target. That target will bundle up all of the NuttX libraries, header files, and the startup object into an export-able, binary NuttX distribution. The Makefile.export is used only by the mkexport.sh script to parse out options from the top-level Make.defs file. mkfsdata.pl ----------- This perl script is used to build the "fake" file system and CGI support as needed for the apps/netutils/webserver. It is currently used only by the Makefile at apps/examples/uip. That example serves as an example of how to configure the uIP webserver "fake" file system. NOTE: This perl script comes from uIP and was (probably) written by Adam Dunkels. uIP has a license that is compatible with NuttX. mkversion.c, cfgdefine.c, and cfgdefine.h ----------------------------------------- This is C file that is used to build mkversion program. The mkversion program is used during the initial NuttX build. When you build NuttX there should be a version file called .version in the top level NuttX directory (See Documentation/NuttxPortingGuide.html). The first time you make NuttX, the top-level makefile will build th mkversion executable from mkversion.c (using Makefile.host). The top- level Makefile will then execute the mkversion program to convert the .version file in the top level directory into include/nuttx/version.h. version.h provides version information that can be included by C files. mksyscall.c, cvsparser.c, and cvsparser.h ----------------------------------------- This is a C file that is used to build mksyscall program. The mksyscall program is used during the initial NuttX build by the logic in the top- level syscall/ directory. If you build NuttX as a separately compiled, monolithic kernel and separate applications, then there is a syscall layer that is used to get from the user application space to the NuttX kernel space. In the user application "proxies" for each of the kernel functions are provided. The proxies have the same function signature as the kernel function, but only execute a system call. Within the kernel, there are "stubs" for each of the system calls. The stubs receive the marshalled system call data, and perform the actually kernel function call (in kernel-mode) on behalf of the proxy function. Information about the stubs and proxies is maintained in a comma separated value (CSV) file in the syscall/ directory. The mksyscall program will accept this CVS file as input and generate all of the required proxy or stub files as output. See syscall/README.txt for additonal information. mksymtab.c, cvsparser.c, and cvsparser.h ---------------------------------------- This is a C file that is used to build symbol tables from common-separated value (CSV) files. This tool is not used during the NuttX build, but can be used as needed to generate files. USAGE: ./mksymtab Where: : The path to the input CSV file : The path to the output symbol table file -d : Enable debug output Example: cd nuttx/tools cat ../syscall/syscall.csv ../lib/libc.csv | sort >tmp.csv ./mksymtab.exe tmp.csv tmp.c mkctags.sh ---------- A script for creating ctags from Ken Pettit. See http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ctags and http://ctags.sourceforge.net/ pic32mx ------- This directory contains build tools used only for PIC32MX platforms bdf-convert.c ------------- This C file is used to build the bdf-converter program. The bdf-converter program be used to convert fonts in Bitmap Distribution Format (BDF) into fonts that can be used in the NX graphics system. Below are general instructions for creating and installing a new font in the NX graphic system: 1. Locate a font in BDF format, 2. Use the bdf-converter program to convert the BDF font to the NuttX font format. This will result in a C header file containing definitions. That header file should be installed at, for example, graphics/nxfonts/nxfonts_myfont.h. Create a new NuttX configuration variable. For example, suppose you define the following variable: CONFIG_NXFONT_MYFONT. Then you would need to: 3. Define CONFIG_NXFONT_MYFONT=y in your NuttX configuration file. A font ID number has to be assigned for each new font. The font ID is defined in the file include/nuttx/nx/nxfonts.h. Those definitions have to be extended to support your new font. Look at how the font ID enabled by CONFIG_NXFONT_SANS23X27 is defined and add an ID for your new font in a similar fashion: 4. include/nuttx/nx/nxfonts.h. Add you new font as a possible system default font: #if defined(CONFIG_NXFONT_SANS23X27) # define NXFONT_DEFAULT FONTID_SANS23X27 #elif defined(CONFIG_NXFONT_MYFONT) # define NXFONT_DEFAULT FONTID_MYFONT #endif Then define the actual font ID. Make sure that the font ID value is unique: enum nx_fontid_e { FONTID_DEFAULT = 0 /* The default font */ #ifdef CONFIG_NXFONT_SANS23X27 , FONTID_SANS23X27 = 1 /* The 23x27 sans serif font */ #endif #ifdef CONFIG_NXFONT_MYFONT , FONTID_MYFONT = 2 /* My shiny, new font */ #endif ... New Add the font to the NX build system. There are several files that you have to modify to to this. Look how the build system uses the font CONFIG_NXFONT_SANS23X27 for examples: 5. nuttx/graphics/Makefile. This file needs logic to auto-generate a C source file from the header file that you generated with the the bdf-converter program. Notice NXFONTS_FONTID=2; this must be set to the same font ID value that you defined in the include/nuttx/nx/nxfonts.h file. genfontsources: ifeq ($(CONFIG_NXFONT_SANS23X27),y) @$(MAKE) -C nxfonts -f Makefile.sources TOPDIR=$(TOPDIR) NXFONTS_FONTID=1 EXTRADEFINES=$(EXTRADEFINES) endif ifeq ($(CONFIG_NXFONT_MYFONT),y) @$(MAKE) -C nxfonts -f Makefile.sources TOPDIR=$(TOPDIR) NXFONTS_FONTID=2 EXTRADEFINES=$(EXTRADEFINES) endif 6. nuttx/graphics/nxfonts/Make.defs. Set the make variable NXFSET_CSRCS. NXFSET_CSRCS determines the name of the font C file to build when NXFONTS_FONTID=2: ifeq ($(CONFIG_NXFONT_SANS23X27),y) NXFSET_CSRCS += nxfonts_bitmaps_sans23x27.c endif ifeq ($(CONFIG_NXFONT_MYFONT),y) NXFSET_CSRCS += nxfonts_bitmaps_myfont.c endif 7. nuttx/graphics/nxfonts/Makefile.sources. This is the Makefile used in step 5 that will actually generate the font C file. So, given your NXFONTS_FONTID=2, it needs to determine a prefix to use for auto-generated variable and function names and (again) the name of the auto-generated file to create (this must be the same name that was used in nuttx/graphics/nxfonts/Make.defs): ifeq ($(NXFONTS_FONTID),1) NXFONTS_PREFIX := g_sans23x27_ GEN_CSRC = nxfonts_bitmaps_sans23x27.c endif ifeq ($(NXFONTS_FONTID),2) NXFONTS_PREFIX := g_myfont_ GEN_CSRC = nxfonts_bitmaps_myfont.c endif 8. graphics/nxfonts/nxfonts_bitmaps.c. This is the file that contains the generic font structures. It is used as a "template" file by nuttx/graphics/nxfonts/Makefile.sources to create your customized font data set. #if NXFONTS_FONTID == 1 # include "nxfonts_sans23x27.h" #elif NXFONTS_FONTID == 2 # include "nxfonts_myfont.h" #else # error "No font ID specified" #endif Where nxfonts_myfont.h is the NuttX font file that we generated in step 2 using the bdf-converter tool. 9. graphics/nxfonts/nxfonts_getfont.c. Finally, we need to extend the logic that does the run-time font lookups so that can find our new font. The lookup function is NXHANDLE nxf_getfonthandle(enum nx_fontid_e fontid). The new font information needs to be added to data structures used by that function: #ifdef CONFIG_NXFONT_SANS23X27 extern const struct nx_fontpackage_s g_sans23x27_package; #endif #ifdef CONFIG_NXFONT_MYFONT extern const struct nx_fontpackage_s g_myfont_package; #endif static FAR const struct nx_fontpackage_s *g_fontpackages[] = { #ifdef CONFIG_NXFONT_SANS23X27 &g_sans23x27_package, #endif #ifdef CONFIG_NXFONT_MYFONT &g_myfont_package, #endif NULL }; Makefile.host ------------- This is the makefile that is used to make the mkconfig program from the mkconfig.c C file, the cmpconfig program from cmpconfig.c C file the mkversion program from the mkconfig.c C file, or the mksyscall program from the mksyscall.c file. Usage: cd tools/ make -f Makefile.host mkromfsimg.sh ------------- This script may be used to automate the generate of a ROMFS file system image. It accepts an rcS script "template" and generates and image that may be mounted under /etc in the NuttX pseudo file system. mkdeps.sh mkdeps.bat mkdeps.c mknulldeps.sh ------------- NuttX uses the GCC compilers capabilities to create Makefile dependencies. The bash script mkdeps.sh is used to run GCC in order to create the dependencies. If a NuttX configuration uses the GCC toolchain, its Make.defs file (see configs/README.txt) will include a line like: MKDEP = $(TOPDIR)/tools/mkdeps.sh, or MKDEP = $(TOPDIR)/tools/mkdeps[.exe] (See NOTE below) If the NuttX configuration does not use a GCC compatible toolchain, then it cannot use the dependencies and instead it uses mknulldeps.sh: MKDEP = $(TOPDIR)/tools/mknulldeps.sh The mknulldeps.sh is a stub script that does essentially nothing. NOTE: The mk*deps.* files are undergoing change. mkdeps.sh is a bash script that produces dependencies well for POSIX style hosts (e..g., Linux and Cygwin). It does not work well for mixed environments with a Windows toolchain running in a POSIX style environment (hence, the mknulldeps.sh script). And, of course, cannot be used in a Windows nativ environment. [mkdeps.sh does have an option, --winpath, that purports to convert the dependencies generated by a Windows toolchain to POSIX format. However, that is not being used and mostly likely does not cover all of the conversion cases.] mkdeps.bat is a simple port of the bash script to run in a Windows command shell. However, it does not work well either because some of the common CFLAGS use characters like '=' which are transformed by the CMD.exe shell. mkdeps.c generates mkdeps (on Linux) or mkdeps.exe (on Windows). However, this verison is still under-development. It works well in the all POSIX environment or in the all Windows environment but also does not work well in mixed POSIX environment with a Windows toolchain. In that case, there are still issues with the conversion of things like 'c:\Program Files' to 'c:program files' by bash. Those issues may, eventually be solvable but for now continue to use mknulldeps.sh in that mixed environment. define.sh define.bat --------- Different compilers have different conventions for specifying pre- processor definitions on the compiler command line. This bash script allows the build system to create create command line definitions without concern for the particular compiler in use. The define.bat script is a counterpart for use in the native Windows build. incdir.sh incdir.bat --------- Different compilers have different conventions for specifying lists of include file paths on the compiler command line. This incdir.sh bash script allows the build system to create include file paths without concern for the particular compiler in use. The incdir.bat script is a counterpart for use in the native Windows build. However, there is currently only one compiler supported in that context: MinGW-GCC. link.sh link.bat copydir.sh copydir.bat unlink.sh unlink.bat ---------- Different file system have different capabilities for symbolic links. Some windows file systems have no native support for symbolic links. Cygwin running under windows has special links built in that work with all cygwin tools. However, they do not work when Windows native tools are used with cygwin. In that case something different must be done. If you are building under Linux or under cygwin with a cygwin tool chain, then your Make.defs file may have definitions like the following: DIRLINK = $(TOPDIR)/tools/link.sh DIRUNLINK = (TOPDIR)/tools/unlink.sh The first definition is not always present because link.sh is the default. link.sh is a bash script that performs a normal, Linux-style symbolic link; unlink.sh is a do-it-all unlinking script. But if you are building under cygwin using a Windows native toolchain within a POSIX framework (such as Cygwin), then you will need something like the following in you Make.defs file: DIRLINK = $(TOPDIR)/tools/copydir.sh DIRUNLINK = (TOPDIR)/tools/unlink.sh copydir.sh will copy the whole directory instead of linking it. Finally, if you are running in a pure native Windows environment with a CMD.exe shell, then you will need something like this: DIRLINK = $(TOPDIR)/tools/copydir.bat DIRUNLINK = (TOPDIR)/tools/unlink.bat Note that this will copy directories. ;ink.bat might also be used in this case. link.bat will attempt to create a symbolic link using the NTFS mklink.exe command instead of copying files. That logic, however, has not been verified as of this writing. kconfig.bat ----------- Recent versions of NuttX support building NuttX from a native Windows CMD.exe shell. But kconfig-frontends is a Linux tool and is not yet available in the pure CMD.exe environment. At this point, there are only a few options for the Windows user (see the top-level README.txt file). You can, with some effort, run the Cygwin kconfig-mconf tool directly in the CMD.exe shell. In this case, you do not have to modify the .config file, but there are other complexities: You need to temporarily set the Cgywin directories in the PATH variable and then run kconfig-mconf outside of the Make system. kconfig.bat is a Windows batch file at tools/kconfig.bat that automates these steps. It is used from the top-level NuttX directory like: tools/kconfig menuconfig NOTE: There is an currently an issue with accessing DOS environment variables from the Cygwin kconfig-mconf running in the CMD.exe shell. The following change to the top-level Kconfig file seems to work around these problems: config APPSDIR string - option env="APPSDIR" + default "../apps" mkimage.sh ---------- The creates a downloadable image as needed with the rrload bootloader. indent.sh --------- This script can be used to indent .c and .h files in a manner similar to my coding NuttX coding style. It doesn't do a really good job, however (see the comments at the top of the indent.sh file). See astyle.sh above. I suspect that it will do a better job. refresh.sh ---------- This is a bash script that automatics refreshing of board default configuration (defconfig) files. It does not do anything special thet you cannot do manually, but is useful for me when I have to update dozens of confuration files. Configuration files have to be updated because over time, the configuration settings change: New configurations are added and new dependencies are added. So an old configuration file may not be usable anymore until it is refreshed. The steps to refresh the file are: 1. Make tools/cmpconfig if it is not already built. 2. Copy the the defconfig file to the top-level NuttX directory as .config (being careful to save any previous .config file that you might want to keep!). 3. Execute 'make oldconfig' to update the configuration. 'make oldconfig' will prompt you for each change in the configuration that requires that you make some decision. 4. Then it runs tools/cmpconfig to show the real differences between the configuration files. Configuration files are complex and things can move around so a simple 'diff' between two configuration files is often not useful. But tools/cmpconfig will show only the meaningful differences between the two configuration files. 4. It will edit the .config file to comment out the setting of the CONFIG_APPS_DIR= setting. This setting should not be in checked-in defconfig files because the actually must be determined at the next time that the configuration is installed. 5. Finally, the refreshed defconfig file is copied back in place where it can be committed with the next set of difference to the command line. refresh.sh will prompt you first to avoid overwriting the defconfig file with changes that you do not want. ` zipme.sh -------- I use this script to create the nuttx-xx.yy.tar.gz tarballs for release on SourceForge. It is handy because it also does the kind of clean that you need to do to make a clean code release.