From f8277441342420351279c57d083cd1244a6c7e6f Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: patacongo <patacongo@42af7a65-404d-4744-a932-0658087f49c3>
Date: Thu, 21 May 2009 17:42:14 +0000
Subject: Complete Rx side of ethernet driver

git-svn-id: svn://svn.code.sf.net/p/nuttx/code/trunk@1812 42af7a65-404d-4744-a932-0658087f49c3
---
 nuttx/Documentation/NuttxPortingGuide.html | 254 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++-
 1 file changed, 252 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

(limited to 'nuttx/Documentation/NuttxPortingGuide.html')

diff --git a/nuttx/Documentation/NuttxPortingGuide.html b/nuttx/Documentation/NuttxPortingGuide.html
index 1934e9bb6..eea76434f 100644
--- a/nuttx/Documentation/NuttxPortingGuide.html
+++ b/nuttx/Documentation/NuttxPortingGuide.html
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@
       <h1><big><font color="#3c34ec">
         <i>NuttX RTOS Porting Guide</i>
       </font></big></h1>
-      <p>Last Updated: May 9, 2009</p>
+      <p>Last Updated: May 21, 2009</p>
     </td>
   </tr>
 </table>
@@ -104,6 +104,18 @@
     </ul>
   </ul>
   <a href="#NxFileSystem">5.0 NuttX File System</a><br>
+  <a href="#DeviceDrivers">6.0 NuttX Device Drivers</a><br>
+  <ul>
+    <a href="#chardrivers">6.1 Character Device Drivers</a><br>
+    <a href="#blockdrivers">6.2 Block Device Drivers</a><br>
+    <a href="#blockdrivers">6.3 Specialized Device Drivers</a>
+    <ul>
+       <a href="#ethdrivers">6.3.1 Ethernet Device Drivers</a><br>
+       <a href="#spidrivers">6.3.2 SPI Device Drivers</a><br>
+       <a href="#i2cdrivers">6.3.3 I2C Device Drivers</a><br>
+       <a href="#serialdrivers">6.3.4 Serial Device Drivers</a>
+    </ul>
+  </ul>
   <a href="#apndxconfigs">Appendix A: NuttX Configuration Settings</a><br>
   <a href="#apndxtrademarks">Appendix B:  Trademarks</a>
 </ul>
@@ -1621,6 +1633,243 @@ extern void up_ledoff(int led);
   from the very tiny platform to the moderate platform.
 </p>
 
+<table width ="100%">
+  <tr bgcolor="#e4e4e4">
+    <td>
+      <h1><a name="DeviceDrivers">6.0 NuttX Device Drivers</a></h1>
+    </td>
+  </tr>
+</table>
+
+<p>
+  NuttX supports a variety of device drivers including:
+  <ul>
+    <li><i>Character</i> Device Drivers,</li>
+    <li><i>Block</i> Device Drivers, and</li>
+    <li>Other <i>Specialized</i> Drivers.</li>
+  </ul>
+  As discussed in the following paragraphs.
+</p>
+
+<h2><a name="chardrivers">6.1 Character Device Drivers</a></h2>
+
+<p>
+  Character device drivers have these properties:
+</p>
+<ul>
+  <li>
+    <b><code>include/nuttx/fs.h</code></b>.
+    All structures and APIs needed to work with character drivers are provided in this header file.
+  </li>
+  <li>
+    <b><code>struct file_operations</code></b>.
+    Each character device driver must implement an instance of <code>struct file_operations</code>.
+    That structure defines a call table with the following methods:
+    <ul>
+     <p><code>int open(FAR struct file *filp);</code></p>
+     <p><code>int close(FAR struct file *filp);</code></p>
+     <p><code>ssize_t read(FAR struct file *filp, FAR char *buffer, size_t buflen);</code></p>
+     <p><code>ssize_t write(FAR struct file *filp, FAR const char *buffer, size_t buflen);</code></p>
+     <p><code>off_t seek(FAR struct file *filp, off_t offset, int whence);</code></p>
+     <p><code>int ioctl(FAR struct file *filp, int cmd, unsigned long arg);</code></p>
+     <p><code>int poll(FAR struct file *filp, struct pollfd *fds, boolean setup);</code></p>
+    </ul>
+  </li>
+  <li>
+    <b><code>int register_driver(const char *path, const struct file_operations *fops, mode_t mode, void *priv);</code></b>.
+    Each character driver registers itself by calling <code>register_driver()</code>, passing it the
+    <code>path</code> where it will appear in the <a href="#NxFileSystem">pseudo-file-system</a> and it's
+    initialized instance of <code>struct file_operations</code>.
+  </li>
+  <li>
+    <b>User Access</b>.
+    After it has been registered, the character driver can be accessed by user code using the standard functions <code>open()</code>, <code>close()</code>, <code>read()</code>, <code>write()</code>, etc.
+  </li>
+  <li>
+    <b>Examples</b>.
+    <code>drivers/dev_null.c</code>, <code>drivers/fifo.c</code>, <code>drivers/serial.c</code>, etc.
+  </li>
+</ul>
+
+<h2><a name="blockdrivers">6.2 Block Device Drivers</a></h2>
+
+<p>
+  Block device drivers have these properties:
+</p>
+<ul>
+  <li>
+    <b><code>include/nuttx/fs.h</code></b>.
+    All structures and APIs needed to work with block drivers are provided in this header file.
+  </li>
+  <li>
+    <b><code>struct block_operations</code></b>.
+    Each block device driver must implement an instance of <code>struct block_operations</code>.
+    That structure defines a call table with the following methods:
+    <ul>
+     <p><code>int open(FAR struct inode *inode);</code></p>
+     <p><code>int close(FAR struct inode *inode);</code></p>
+     <p><code>ssize_t read(FAR struct inode *inode, FAR unsigned char *buffer, size_t start_sector, unsigned int nsectors);</code></p>
+     <p><code>ssize_t write(FAR struct inode *inode, FAR const unsigned char *buffer, size_t start_sector, unsigned int nsectors);</code></p>
+     <p><code>int geometry(FAR struct inode *inode, FAR struct geometry *geometry);</code></p>
+     <p><code>int ioctl(FAR struct inode *inode, int cmd, unsigned long arg);</code></p>
+    </ul>
+  </li>
+  <li>
+    <b><code>int register_blockdriver(const char *path, const struct block_operations *bops, mode_t mode, void *priv);</code></b>.
+    Each block driver registers itself by calling <code>register_blockdriver()</code>, passing it the
+    <code>path</code> where it will appear in the <a href="#NxFileSystem">pseudo-file-system</a> and it's
+    initialized instance of <code>struct block_operations</code>.
+  </li>
+  <li>
+    <b>User Access</b>.
+    Users do not normally access block drivers directly, rather, they access block drivers
+    indirectly through the <code>mount()</code> API.
+    The <code>mount()</code> API binds a block driver instance with a file system and with a mountpoint.
+    Then the user may use the block driver to access the file system on the underlying media.
+    <b>Example:</b> See the <code>cmd_mount()</code> implementation in <code>examples/nsh/nsh_fscmds.c</code>.
+  </li>
+  <li>
+    <b>Accessing a Character Driver as a Block Device</b>.
+    See the loop device at <code>drivers/loop.c</code>.
+    <b>Example:</b> See the <code>cmd_losetup()</code> implementation in <code>examples/nsh/nsh_fscmds.c</code>.
+  </li>
+  <li>
+    <b>Accessing a Block Driver as Character Device</b>.
+    See the Block-to-Character (BCH) conversion logic in <code>drivers/bch/</code>.
+    <b>Example:</b> See the <code>cmd_dd()</code> implementation in <code>examples/nsh/nsh_ddcmd.c</code>.
+  </li>
+  <li>
+    <b>Examples</b>.
+    <code>drivers/loop.c</code>, <code>drivers/mmcds/mmcsd_spi.c</code>, <code>drivers/ramdisk.c</code>, etc.
+  </li>
+</ul>
+
+<h2><a name="blockdrivers">6.3 Specialized Device Drivers</a></h2>
+
+<h3><a name="ethdrivers">6.3.1 Ethernet Device Drivers</a></h3>
+
+<ul>
+  <li>
+    <b><code>include/net/uip/uip-arch.h</code></b>.
+    All structures and APIs needed to work with Ethernet drivers are provided in this header file.
+    The structure <code>struct uip_driver_s</code> defines the interface and is passed to uIP via
+    <code>netdev_register()</code>.
+  </li>
+  <li>
+    <b><code>int netdev_register(FAR struct uip_driver_s *dev);</code></b>.
+    Each Eterhenet driver registers itself by calling <code>netdev_register()</code>.
+  </li>
+  <li>
+    <b>Examples</b>.
+    <code>drivers/net/dm90x0.c</code>, <code>arch/drivers/arm/src/c5471/c5471_ethernet.c</code>, <code>arch/z80/src/ez80/ez80_emac.c</code>, etc.
+  </li>
+</ul>
+
+<h3><a name="spidrivers">6.3.2 SPI Device Drivers</a></h3>
+
+<ul>
+  <li>
+    <b><code>include/nuttx/spi.h</code></b>.
+    All structures and APIs needed to work with SPI drivers are provided in this header file.
+  </li>
+  <li>
+    <b><code>struct spi_ops_s</code></b>.
+    Each SPI device driver must implement an instance of <code>struct spi_ops_s</code>.
+    That structure defines a call table with the following methods:
+    <ul>
+     <p><code>void select(FAR struct spi_dev_s *dev, enum spi_dev_e devid, boolean selected);</code></p>
+     <p><code>uint32 setfrequency(FAR struct spi_dev_s *dev, uint32 frequency);</code></p>
+     <p><code>void setmode(FAR struct spi_dev_s *dev, enum spi_mode_e mode);</code></p>
+     <p><code>void setbits(FAR struct spi_dev_s *dev, int nbits);</code></p>
+     <p><code>ubyte status(FAR struct spi_dev_s *dev, enum spi_dev_e devid);</code></p>
+     <p><code>uint16 send(FAR struct spi_dev_s *dev, uint16 wd);</code></p>
+     <p><code>void exchange(FAR struct spi_dev_s *dev, FAR const void *txbuffer, FAR void *rxbuffer, size_t nwords);</code></p>
+     <p><codei>nt registercallback(FAR struct spi_dev_s *dev, mediachange_t callback, void *arg);</code></p>
+  </ul>
+  <li>
+    <b>Binding SPI Drivers</b>.
+    SPI drivers are not normally directly accessed by user code, but are usually bound to another,
+    higher level device driver.
+    See for example, <code>int mmcsd_spislotinitialize(int minor, int slotno, FAR struct spi_dev_s *spi)</code> in <code>drivers/mmcsd/mmcsd_spi.c</code>.
+  </li>
+  <li>
+    <b>Examples</b>.
+    <code>drivers/loop.c</code>, <code>drivers/mmcds/mmcsd_spi.c</code>, <code>drivers/ramdisk.c</code>, etc.
+  </li>
+</ul>
+
+<h3><a name="i2cdrivers">6.3.3 I2C Device Drivers</a></h3>
+
+<ul>
+  <li>
+    <b><code>include/nuttx/i2c.h</code></b>.
+    All structures and APIs needed to work with I2C drivers are provided in this header file.
+  </li>
+  <li>
+    <b><code>struct i2c_ops_s</code></b>.
+    Each I2C device driver must implement an instance of <code>struct i2c_ops_s</code>.
+    That structure defines a call table with the following methods:
+    <ul>
+     <p><code>uint32 setfrequency(FAR struct i2c_dev_s *dev, uint32 frequency);</code></p>
+     <p><code>int setaddress(FAR struct i2c_dev_s *dev, int addr, int nbits);</code></p>
+     <p><code>int write(FAR struct i2c_dev_s *dev, const ubyte *buffer, int buflen);</code></p>
+     <p><code>int read(FAR struct i2c_dev_s *dev, ubyte *buffer, int buflen);</code></p>
+  </ul>
+  <li>
+    <b>Binding I2C Drivers</b>.
+    SPI drivers are not normally directly accessed by user code, but are usually bound to another,
+    higher level device driver.
+  </li>
+  <li>
+    <b>Examples</b>.
+    <code>arch/z80/src/ez80/ez80_i2c.c</code>, <code>arch/z80/src/z8/z8_i2c.c</code>, etc.
+  </li>
+</ul>
+
+<h3><a name="serialdrivers">6.3.4 Serial Device Drivers</a></h3>
+
+<ul>
+  <li>
+    <b><code>include/nuttx/serial.h</code></b>.
+    All structures and APIs needed to work with serial drivers are provided in this header file.
+  </li>
+  <li>
+    <b><code>struct uart_ops_s</code></b>.
+    Each serial device driver must implement an instance of <code>struct uart_ops_s</code>.
+    That structure defines a call table with the following methods:
+    <ul>
+     <p><code>int setup(FAR struct uart_dev_s *dev);</code></p>
+     <p><code>void shutdown(FAR struct uart_dev_s *dev);</code></p>
+     <p><code>int attach(FAR struct uart_dev_s *dev);</code></p>
+     <p><code>void detach(FAR struct uart_dev_s *dev);</code></p>
+     <p><code>int ioctl(FAR struct file *filep, int cmd, unsigned long arg);</code></p>
+     <p><code>int receive(FAR struct uart_dev_s *dev, unsigned int *status);</code></p>
+     <p><code>void rxint(FAR struct uart_dev_s *dev, boolean enable);</code></p>
+     <p><code>boolean rxavailable(FAR struct uart_dev_s *dev);</code></p>
+     <p><code>void send(FAR struct uart_dev_s *dev, int ch);</code></p>
+     <p><code>void txint(FAR struct uart_dev_s *dev, boolean enable);</code></p>
+     <p><code>boolean txready(FAR struct uart_dev_s *dev);</code></p>
+     <p><code>boolean txempty(FAR struct uart_dev_s *dev);</code></p>
+    </ul>
+  </li>
+  <li>
+    <b><code>int uart_register(FAR const char *path, FAR uart_dev_t *dev);</code></b>.
+    A serial driver may register itself by calling <code>uart_register()</code>, passing it the
+    <code>path</code> where it will appear in the <a href="#NxFileSystem">pseudo-file-system</a> and it's
+    initialized instance of <code>struct uart_ops_s</code>.
+    By convention, serial device drivers are registered at pathes like <code>/dev/ttyS0</code>, <code>/dev/ttyS1</code>, etc.
+    See the <code>uart_register()</code> implementation in <code>drivers/serial.c</code>.
+  </li>
+  <li>
+    <b>User Access</b>.
+    Serial drivers are, ultimately, normal <a href="#chardrivers">character drivers</a> and are accessed as other character drivers.
+  </li>
+  <li>
+    <b>Examples</b>.
+    <code>arch/arm/src/chip/lm3s_serial.c</code>, <code>arch/arm/src/lpc214x/lpc214x_serial.c</code>, <code>arch/z16/src/z16f/z16f_serial.c</code>, etc.
+  </li>
+</ul>
+
 <table width ="100%">
   <tr bgcolor="#e4e4e4">
     <td>
@@ -2255,9 +2504,10 @@ extern void up_ledoff(int led);
   </tr>
 </table>
 
-  <li>ARM, ARM7 ARM7TDMI, ARM9, ARM926EJS are trademarks of Advanced RISC Machines, Limited.</li>
+  <li>ARM, ARM7 ARM7TDMI, ARM9, ARM920T, ARM926EJS, Cortex-M3 are trademarks of Advanced RISC Machines, Limited.</li>
   <li>Cygwin is a trademark of Red Hat, Incorporated.</li>
   <li>Linux is a registered trademark of Linus Torvalds.</li>
+  <li>Eagle-100 is a trademark of <a href=" http://www.micromint.com/">Micromint USA, LLC</a>.
   <li>LPC2148 is a trademark of NXP Semiconductors.</li>
   <li>TI is a tradename of Texas Instruments Incorporated.</li>
   <li>UNIX is a registered trademark of The Open Group.</li>
-- 
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