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+#_______________________________________________________________________________
+#
+# edam's Arduino makefile
+#_______________________________________________________________________________
+# version 0.4
+#
+# Copyright (C) 2011, 2012 Tim Marston <tim@ed.am>.
+#
+# Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+# of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+# in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+# to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+# copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+# furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+#
+# The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
+# all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+#
+# THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+# IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+# FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+# AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+# LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+# OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+# SOFTWARE.
+#
+#_______________________________________________________________________________
+#
+#
+# This is a general purpose makefile for use with Arduino hardware and
+# software. It works with the arduino-1.0 software release. To download the
+# latest version of this makefile, visit the following website, where you can
+# also find more information and documentation on it's use. The following text
+# can only really be considered a reference to it's use.
+#
+# http://ed.am/dev/make/arduino-mk
+#
+# This makefile can be used as a drop-in replacement for the Arduino IDE's
+# build system. To use it, save arduino.mk somewhere (I keep mine at
+# ~/src/arduino.mk) and create a symlink to it in your project directory named
+# "Makefile". For example:
+#
+# $ ln -s ~/src/arduino.mk Makefile
+#
+# The Arduino software (version 1.0 or later) is required. If you are using
+# Debian (or a derivative), type `apt-get install arduino`. Otherwise, you
+# will have to download the Arduino software manually from http://arduino.cc/.
+# It is suggested that you install it at ~/opt/arduino if you are unsure.
+#
+# If you downloaded the Arduino software manually and unpacked it somewhere
+# other than ~/opt/arduino, you will need to set up ARDUINODIR to be the path
+# where you unpacked it. (If unset, ARDUINODIR defaults to ~/opt/arduino and
+# then /usr/share/arduino, in that order.) You might be best to set this in
+# your ~/.profile by adding something like this:
+#
+# export ARDUINODIR=~/somewhere/arduino-1.0
+#
+# You will also need to set BOARD to the type of Arduino you're building for.
+# Type `make boards` for a list of acceptable values. You could set a default
+# in your ~/.profile if you want, but it is suggested that you specify this at
+# build time, especially if you work with different types of Arduino. For
+# example:
+#
+# $ export BOARD=uno
+# $ make
+#
+# You may also need to set SERIALDEV if it is not detected correctly.
+#
+# The presence of a .ino (or .pde) file causes the arduino.mk to automatically
+# determine values for SOURCES, TARGET and LIBRARIES. Any .c, .cc and .cpp
+# files in the project directory (or any "util" or "utility" subdirectories)
+# are automatically included in the build and are scanned for Arduino libraries
+# that have been #included. Note, there can only be one .ino (or .pde) file.
+#
+# Alternatively, if you want to manually specify build variables, create a
+# Makefile that defines SOURCES and LIBRARIES and then includes arduino.mk.
+# (There is no need to define TARGET). Here is an example Makefile:
+#
+# SOURCES := main.cc other.cc
+# LIBRARIES := EEPROM
+# include ~/src/arduino.mk
+#
+# Here is a complete list of configuration parameters:
+#
+# ARDUINODIR The path where the Arduino software is installed on your system.
+#
+# ARDUINOCONST The Arduino software version, as an integer, used to define the
+# ARDUINO version constant. This defaults to 100 if undefined.
+#
+# AVRDUDECONF The avrdude.conf to use. If undefined, this defaults to a guess
+# based on where the avrdude in use is. If empty, no avrdude.conf
+# is passed to avrdude (to the system default is used).
+#
+# AVRTOOLSPATH A space-separated list of directories to search in order when
+# looking for the avr build tools. This defaults to the system PATH
+# followed by subdirectories in ARDUINODIR if undefined.
+#
+# BOARD Specify a target board type. Run `make boards` to see available
+# board types.
+#
+# LIBRARIES A list of Arduino libraries to build and include. This is set
+# automatically if a .ino (or .pde) is found.
+#
+# SERIALDEV The unix device name of the serial device that is the Arduino.
+# If unspecified, an attempt is made to determine the name of a
+# connected Arduino's serial device.
+#
+# SOURCES A list of all source files of whatever language. The language
+# type is determined by the file extension. This is set
+# automatically if a .ino (or .pde) is found.
+#
+# TARGET The name of the target file. This is set automatically if a
+# .ino (or .pde) is found, but it is not necessary to set it
+# otherwise.
+#
+# This makefile also defines the following goals for use on the command line
+# when you run make:
+#
+# all This is the default if no goal is specified. It builds the
+# target.
+#
+# target Builds the target.
+#
+# upload Uploads the last built target to an attached Arduino.
+#
+# clean Deletes files created during the build.
+#
+# boards Display a list of available board names, so that you can set the
+# BOARD environment variable appropriately.
+#
+# monitor Start `screen` on the serial device. This is meant to be an
+# equivalent to the Arduino serial monitor.
+#
+# size Displays size information about the bulit target.
+#
+# <file> Builds the specified file, either an object file or the target,
+# from those that that would be built for the project.
+#_______________________________________________________________________________
+#
+
+# default arduino software directory, check software exists
+ifndef ARDUINODIR
+ARDUINODIR := $(firstword $(wildcard ~/opt/arduino /usr/share/arduino))
+endif
+ifeq "$(wildcard $(ARDUINODIR)/hardware/arduino/boards.txt)" ""
+$(error ARDUINODIR is not set correctly; arduino software not found)
+endif
+
+# default arduino version
+ARDUINOCONST ?= 100
+
+# default path for avr tools
+ifndef AVRTOOLSPATH
+AVRTOOLSPATH := $(subst :, , $(PATH))
+AVRTOOLSPATH += $(ARDUINODIR)/hardware/tools
+AVRTOOLSPATH += $(ARDUINODIR)/hardware/tools/avr/bin
+endif
+
+# auto mode?
+INOFILE := $(wildcard *.ino *.pde)
+ifdef INOFILE
+ifneq "$(words $(INOFILE))" "1"
+$(error There is more than one .pde or .ino file in this directory!)
+endif
+
+# automatically determine sources and targeet
+TARGET := $(basename $(INOFILE))
+SOURCES := $(INOFILE) \
+ $(wildcard *.c *.cc *.cpp) \
+ $(wildcard $(addprefix util/, *.c *.cc *.cpp)) \
+ $(wildcard $(addprefix utility/, *.c *.cc *.cpp))
+
+# automatically determine included libraries
+LIBRARIES := $(filter $(notdir $(wildcard $(ARDUINODIR)/libraries/*)), \
+ $(shell sed -ne "s/^ *\# *include *[<\"]\(.*\)\.h[>\"]/\1/p" $(SOURCES)))
+
+endif
+
+# no serial device? make a poor attempt to detect an arduino
+SERIALDEVGUESS := 0
+ifeq "$(SERIALDEV)" ""
+SERIALDEV := $(firstword $(wildcard \
+ /dev/ttyACM? /dev/ttyUSB? /dev/tty.usbserial* /dev/tty.usbmodem*))
+SERIALDEVGUESS := 1
+endif
+
+# software
+findsoftware = $(firstword $(wildcard $(addsuffix /$(1), $(AVRTOOLSPATH))))
+CC := $(call findsoftware,avr-gcc)
+CXX := $(call findsoftware,avr-g++)
+LD := $(call findsoftware,avr-ld)
+AR := $(call findsoftware,avr-ar)
+OBJCOPY := $(call findsoftware,avr-objcopy)
+AVRDUDE := $(call findsoftware,avrdude)
+AVRSIZE := $(call findsoftware,avr-size)
+
+# files
+TARGET := $(if $(TARGET),$(TARGET),a.out)
+OBJECTS := $(addsuffix .o, $(basename $(SOURCES)))
+DEPFILES := $(patsubst %, .dep/%.dep, $(SOURCES))
+ARDUINOCOREDIR := $(ARDUINODIR)/hardware/arduino/cores/arduino
+ARDUINOLIB := .lib/arduino.a
+ARDUINOLIBLIBSDIR := $(ARDUINODIR)/libraries
+ARDUINOLIBLIBSPATH := $(foreach lib, $(LIBRARIES), \
+ $(ARDUINODIR)/libraries/$(lib)/ $(ARDUINODIR)/libraries/$(lib)/utility/ )
+ARDUINOLIBOBJS := $(foreach dir, $(ARDUINOCOREDIR) $(ARDUINOLIBLIBSPATH), \
+ $(patsubst %, .lib/%.o, $(wildcard $(addprefix $(dir)/, *.c *.cpp))))
+ifeq "$(AVRDUDECONF)" ""
+ifeq "$(AVRDUDE)" "$(ARDUINODIR)/hardware/tools/avr/bin/avrdude"
+AVRDUDECONF := $(ARDUINODIR)/hardware/tools/avr/etc/avrdude.conf
+else
+AVRDUDECONF := $(wildcard $(AVRDUDE).conf)
+endif
+endif
+
+# no board?
+ifndef BOARD
+ifneq "$(MAKECMDGOALS)" "boards"
+ifneq "$(MAKECMDGOALS)" "clean"
+$(error BOARD is unset. Type 'make boards' to see possible values)
+endif
+endif
+endif
+
+# obtain board parameters from the arduino boards.txt file
+BOARDS_FILE := $(ARDUINODIR)/hardware/arduino/boards.txt
+BOARD_BUILD_MCU := \
+ $(shell sed -ne "s/$(BOARD).build.mcu=\(.*\)/\1/p" $(BOARDS_FILE))
+BOARD_BUILD_FCPU := \
+ $(shell sed -ne "s/$(BOARD).build.f_cpu=\(.*\)/\1/p" $(BOARDS_FILE))
+BOARD_BUILD_VARIANT := \
+ $(shell sed -ne "s/$(BOARD).build.variant=\(.*\)/\1/p" $(BOARDS_FILE))
+BOARD_UPLOAD_SPEED := \
+ $(shell sed -ne "s/$(BOARD).upload.speed=\(.*\)/\1/p" $(BOARDS_FILE))
+BOARD_UPLOAD_PROTOCOL := \
+ $(shell sed -ne "s/$(BOARD).upload.protocol=\(.*\)/\1/p" $(BOARDS_FILE))
+BOARD_USB_VID := \
+ $(shell sed -ne "s/$(BOARD).build.vid=\(.*\)/\1/p" $(BOARDS_FILE))
+BOARD_USB_PID := \
+ $(shell sed -ne "s/$(BOARD).build.pid=\(.*\)/\1/p" $(BOARDS_FILE))
+
+# invalid board?
+ifeq "$(BOARD_BUILD_MCU)" ""
+ifneq "$(MAKECMDGOALS)" "boards"
+ifneq "$(MAKECMDGOALS)" "clean"
+$(error BOARD is invalid. Type 'make boards' to see possible values)
+endif
+endif
+endif
+
+# flags
+CPPFLAGS := -Os -Wall -fno-exceptions -ffunction-sections -fdata-sections
+CPPFLAGS += -funsigned-char -funsigned-bitfields -fpack-struct -fshort-enums
+CPPFLAGS += -mmcu=$(BOARD_BUILD_MCU)
+CPPFLAGS += -DF_CPU=$(BOARD_BUILD_FCPU) -DARDUINO=$(ARDUINOCONST)
+CPPFLAGS += -DUSB_VID=$(BOARD_USB_VID) -DUSB_PID=$(BOARD_USB_PID)
+CPPFLAGS += -I. -Iutil -Iutility -I $(ARDUINOCOREDIR)
+CPPFLAGS += -I $(ARDUINODIR)/hardware/arduino/variants/$(BOARD_BUILD_VARIANT)/
+CPPFLAGS += $(addprefix -I $(ARDUINODIR)/libraries/, $(LIBRARIES))
+CPPFLAGS += $(patsubst %, -I $(ARDUINODIR)/libraries/%/utility, $(LIBRARIES))
+CPPDEPFLAGS = -MMD -MP -MF .dep/$<.dep
+CPPINOFLAGS := -x c++ -include $(ARDUINOCOREDIR)/Arduino.h
+AVRDUDEFLAGS := $(addprefix -C , $(AVRDUDECONF)) -DV
+AVRDUDEFLAGS += -p $(BOARD_BUILD_MCU) -P $(SERIALDEV)
+AVRDUDEFLAGS += -c $(BOARD_UPLOAD_PROTOCOL) -b $(BOARD_UPLOAD_SPEED)
+LINKFLAGS := -Os -Wl,--gc-sections -mmcu=$(BOARD_BUILD_MCU)
+
+# figure out which arg to use with stty (for OS X, GNU and busybox stty)
+STTYFARG := $(shell stty --help 2>&1 | \
+ grep -q 'illegal option' && echo -f || echo -F)
+
+# include dependencies
+ifneq "$(MAKECMDGOALS)" "clean"
+-include $(DEPFILES)
+endif
+
+# default rule
+.DEFAULT_GOAL := all
+
+#_______________________________________________________________________________
+# RULES
+
+.PHONY: all target upload clean boards monitor size
+
+all: target
+
+target: $(TARGET).hex
+
+upload: target
+ @echo "\nUploading to board..."
+ @test -n "$(SERIALDEV)" || { \
+ echo "error: SERIALDEV could not be determined automatically." >&2; \
+ exit 1; }
+ @test 0 -eq $(SERIALDEVGUESS) || { \
+ echo "*GUESSING* at serial device:" $(SERIALDEV); \
+ echo; }
+ stty $(STTYFARG) $(SERIALDEV) hupcl
+ $(AVRDUDE) $(AVRDUDEFLAGS) -U flash:w:$(TARGET).hex:i
+
+clean:
+ rm -f $(OBJECTS)
+ rm -f $(TARGET).elf $(TARGET).hex $(ARDUINOLIB) *~
+ rm -rf .lib .dep
+
+boards:
+ @echo Available values for BOARD:
+ @sed -nEe '/^#/d; /^[^.]+\.name=/p' $(BOARDS_FILE) | \
+ sed -Ee 's/([^.]+)\.name=(.*)/\1 \2/' \
+ -e 's/(.{12}) *(.*)/\1 \2/'
+
+monitor:
+ @test -n "$(SERIALDEV)" || { \
+ echo "error: SERIALDEV could not be determined automatically." >&2; \
+ exit 1; }
+ @test -n `which screen` || { \
+ echo "error: can't find GNU screen, you might need to install it." >&2 \
+ ecit 1; }
+ @test 0 -eq $(SERIALDEVGUESS) || { \
+ echo "*GUESSING* at serial device:" $(SERIALDEV); \
+ echo; }
+ screen $(SERIALDEV)
+
+size: $(TARGET).elf
+ echo && $(AVRSIZE) --format=avr --mcu=$(BOARD_BUILD_MCU) $(TARGET).elf
+
+# building the target
+
+$(TARGET).hex: $(TARGET).elf
+ $(OBJCOPY) -O ihex -R .eeprom $< $@
+
+.INTERMEDIATE: $(TARGET).elf
+
+$(TARGET).elf: $(ARDUINOLIB) $(OBJECTS)
+ $(CC) $(LINKFLAGS) $(OBJECTS) $(ARDUINOLIB) -lm -o $@
+
+%.o: %.c
+ mkdir -p .dep/$(dir $<)
+ $(COMPILE.c) $(CPPDEPFLAGS) -o $@ $<
+
+%.o: %.cpp
+ mkdir -p .dep/$(dir $<)
+ $(COMPILE.cpp) $(CPPDEPFLAGS) -o $@ $<
+
+%.o: %.cc
+ mkdir -p .dep/$(dir $<)
+ $(COMPILE.cpp) $(CPPDEPFLAGS) -o $@ $<
+
+%.o: %.C
+ mkdir -p .dep/$(dir $<)
+ $(COMPILE.cpp) $(CPPDEPFLAGS) -o $@ $<
+
+%.o: %.ino
+ mkdir -p .dep/$(dir $<)
+ $(COMPILE.cpp) $(CPPDEPFLAGS) -o $@ $(CPPINOFLAGS) $<
+
+%.o: %.pde
+ mkdir -p .dep/$(dir $<)
+ $(COMPILE.cpp) $(CPPDEPFLAGS) -o $@ -x c++ -include $(ARDUINOCOREDIR)/Arduino.h $<
+
+# building the arduino library
+
+$(ARDUINOLIB): $(ARDUINOLIBOBJS)
+ $(AR) rcs $@ $?
+
+.lib/%.c.o: %.c
+ mkdir -p $(dir $@)
+ $(COMPILE.c) -o $@ $<
+
+.lib/%.cpp.o: %.cpp
+ mkdir -p $(dir $@)
+ $(COMPILE.cpp) -o $@ $<
+
+.lib/%.cc.o: %.cc
+ mkdir -p $(dir $@)
+ $(COMPILE.cpp) -o $@ $<
+
+.lib/%.C.o: %.C
+ mkdir -p $(dir $@)
+ $(COMPILE.cpp) -o $@ $<