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authorJonathan Brachthäuser <jonathan@b-studios.de>2016-12-21 22:19:45 +0100
committerJonathan Brachthäuser <jonathan@b-studios.de>2016-12-21 22:19:45 +0100
commitb004e6cdd6a1d1538a63e4d2d40fd935987735e6 (patch)
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Remove syntax description in tex to avoid duplication
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-% $Id: SyntaxSummary.tex 21104 2010-03-08 13:49:27Z odersky $
-
-\chapter{Scala Syntax Summary}\label{sec:syntax}
-\todo{introduce SeqPattern syntax}
-
-The lexical syntax of Scala is given by the following grammar in EBNF
-form.
-
-{\small
-\begin{lstlisting}
- upper ::= `A' | $\cdots$ | `Z' | `$\Dollar$' | `_' $\mbox{\rm\em and Unicode category Lu}$
- lower ::= `a' | $\cdots$ | `z' $\mbox{\rm\em and Unicode category Ll}$
- letter ::= upper | lower $\mbox{\rm\em and Unicode categories Lo, Lt, Nl}$
- digit ::= `0' | $\cdots$ | `9'
- opchar ::= $\mbox{\rm\em ``all other characters in \U{0020-007F} and Unicode}$
- $\mbox{\rm\em categories Sm, So except parentheses ([{}]) and periods''}$
-
- op ::= opchar {opchar}
- varid ::= lower idrest
- alphaid ::= upper idrest
- | varid
- plainid ::= alphaid
- | op
- id ::= plainid
- | `\`' stringLit `\`'
- | INT // interpolation id, only for quasi-quotes
- idrest ::= {letter | digit} [`_' op]
-
- integerLiteral ::= (decimalNumeral | hexNumera) [`L' | `l']
- decimalNumeral ::= `0' | nonZeroDigit {digit}
- hexNumeral ::= `0' `x' hexDigit {hexDigit}
- digit ::= `0' | nonZeroDigit
- nonZeroDigit ::= `1' | $\cdots$ | `9'
- octalDigit ::= `0' | $\cdots$ | `7'
-
- floatingPointLiteral
- ::= digit {digit} `.' {digit} [exponentPart] [floatType]
- | `.' digit {digit} [exponentPart] [floatType]
- | digit {digit} exponentPart [floatType]
- | digit {digit} [exponentPart] floatType
- exponentPart ::= (`E' | `e') [`+' | `-'] digit {digit}
- floatType ::= `F' | `f' | `D' | `d'
-
- booleanLiteral ::= `true' | `false'
-
- characterLiteral ::= `\'' printableChar `\''
- | `\'' charEscapeSeq `\''
-
- stringLiteral ::= `"' {stringElement} `"'
- | `"""' {[`"'] [`"'] char \ `"'} {`"'} `"""'
- stringElement ::= printableChar \ (`"' | `\')
- | charEscapeSeq
- charEscapeSeq ::= `\b' | `\n' | `\t' | `\f' | `\r' | `"' | `'' | `\\'
-
- processedStringLiteral
- ::= alphaid`"' {printableChar \ (`"' | `$') | escape} `"'
- | alphaid `"""' {[`"'] [`"'] char \ (`"' | `$') | escape} {`"'} `"""'
- escape ::= `$$' \comment{$}
- | `$' letter { letter | digit }
- | `{' Block [`;' whiteSpace stringFormat whiteSpace] `}'
- stringFormat ::= {printableChar \ (`"' | `}' | ` ' | `\t' | `\n')}
- whiteSpace ::= {` ' | `\t'}
-
- symbolLiteral ::= `'' plainid
-
- comment ::= `/*' $\mbox{\rm\em ``any sequence of characters''}$ `*/'
- | `//' $\mbox{\rm\em ``any sequence of characters up to end of line''}$
-
- nl ::= $\mbox{\rm\em ``new line character''}$
- semi ::= `;' | nl {nl}
-\end{lstlisting}}
-
-The context-free syntax of Scala is given by the following EBNF
-grammar.
-
-{\small
-\begin{lstlisting}
- SimpleLiteral ::= [`-'] integerLiteral
- | [`-'] floatingPointLiteral
- | booleanLiteral
- | characterLiteral
- | stringLiteral
- Literal ::= SimpleLiteral
- | processedStringLiteral
- | symbolLiteral
- | `null'
-
- QualId ::= id {`.' id}
- ids ::= id {`,' id}
-
- Path ::= StableId
- | [id `.'] `this'
- StableId ::= id
- | Path `.' id
- | [id '.'] `super' [ClassQualifier] `.' id
- ClassQualifier ::= `[' id `]'
-
- Type ::= [`implicit'] FunArgTypes `=>' Type Function(ts, t)
- | HkTypeParamClause `=>' Type TypeLambda(ps, t)
- | InfixType
- FunArgTypes ::= InfixType
- | `(' [ FunArgType {`,' FunArgType } ] `)'
- InfixType ::= RefinedType {id [nl] RefinedType} InfixOp(t1, op, t2)
- RefinedType ::= WithType {[nl] Refinement} RefinedTypeTree(t, ds)
- WithType ::= AnnotType {`with' AnnotType} (deprecated)
- AnnotType ::= SimpleType {Annotation} Annotated(t, annot)
- SimpleType ::= SimpleType (TypeArgs | NamedTypeArgs) AppliedTypeTree(t, args)
- | SimpleType `#' id Select(t, name)
- | StableId
- | Path `.' `type' SingletonTypeTree(p)
- | `(' ArgTypes ')' Tuple(ts)
- | `_' TypeBounds
- | Refinement RefinedTypeTree(EmptyTree, refinement)
- | SimpleLiteral SingletonTypeTree(l)
- ArgTypes ::= Type {`,' Type}
- | NamedTypeArg {`,' NamedTypeArg }
- FunArgType ::= Type
- | `=>' Type PrefixOp(=>, t)
- ParamType ::= [`=>'] ParamValueType
- ParamValueType ::= Type [`*'] PostfixOp(t, "*")
- TypeArgs ::= `[' ArgTypes `]' ts
- NamedTypeArg ::= id `=' Type NamedArg(id, t)
- NamedTypeArgs ::= `[' NamedTypeArg {`,' NamedTypeArg} `]' nts
- Refinement ::= `{' [Dcl] {semi [Dcl]} `}' ds
- TypeBounds ::= [`>:' Type] [`<: Type] | INT TypeBoundsTree(lo, hi)
- TypeParamBounds ::= TypeBounds {`<%' Type} {`:' Type} ContextBounds(typeBounds, tps)
-
- Expr ::= [`implicit'] FunParams `=>' Expr Function(args, expr), Function(ValDef([implicit], id, TypeTree(), EmptyTree), expr)
- FunParams ::= Bindings
- | id
- | `_'
- ExprInParens ::= PostfixExpr `:' Type
- | Expr
- BlockResult ::= [`implicit'] FunParams `=>' Block
- | Expr1
- Expr1 ::= `if' `(' Expr `)' {nl} Expr [[semi] else Expr] If(Parens(cond), thenp, elsep?)
- | `if' Expr `then' Expr [[semi] else Expr] If(cond, thenp, elsep?)
- | `while' `(' Expr `)' {nl} Expr WhileDo(Parens(cond), body)
- | `while' Expr `do' Expr WhileDo(cond, body)
- | `do' Expr [semi] `while' Expr DoWhile(expr, cond)
- | `try' Expr Catches [`finally' Expr] Try(expr, catches, expr?)
- | `try' Expr [`finally' Expr] Try(expr, Nil, expr?)
- | `throw' Expr Throw(expr)
- | `return' [Expr] Return(expr?)
- | ForExpr
- | [SimpleExpr `.'] id `=' Expr Assign(expr, expr)
- | SimpleExpr1 ArgumentExprs `=' Expr Assign(expr, expr)
- | PostfixExpr [Ascription]
- | PostfixExpr `match' `{' CaseClauses `}' Match(expr, cases) -- point on match
- Ascription ::= `:' InfixType Typed(expr, tp)
- | `:' Annotation {Annotation} Typed(expr, Annotated(EmptyTree, annot)*)
- Catches ::= `catch' Expr
- PostfixExpr ::= InfixExpr [id] PostfixOp(expr, op)
- InfixExpr ::= PrefixExpr
- | InfixExpr id [nl] InfixExpr InfixOp(expr, op, expr)
- PrefixExpr ::= [`-' | `+' | `~' | `!'] SimpleExpr PrefixOp(expr, op)
- SimpleExpr ::= `new' Template New(templ)
- | BlockExpr
- | SimpleExpr1 [`_'] PostfixOp(expr, _)
- SimpleExpr1 ::= Literal
- | Path
- | `_'
- | `(' ExprsInParens2 `)' Parens(exprs)
- | SimpleExpr `.' id Select(expr, id)
- | SimpleExpr (TypeArgs | NamedTypeArgs) TypeApply(expr, args)
- | SimpleExpr1 ArgumentExprs Apply(expr, args)
- | XmlExpr
- ExprsInParens ::= ExprInParens {`,' ExprInParens}
- ParArgumentExprs ::= `(' [ExprsInParens] `)' exprs
- | `(' [ExprsInParens `,'] PostfixExpr `:' `_' `*' ')' exprs :+ Typed(expr, Ident(wildcardStar))
- ArgumentExprs ::= ParArgumentExprs
- | [nl] BlockExpr
- BlockExpr ::= `{' CaseClauses `}' Match(EmptyTree, cases)
- | `{' Block `}' block // starts at {
- Block ::= {BlockStat semi} [BlockResult] Block(stats, expr?)
- BlockStat ::= Import
- | {Annotation} [`implicit' | `lazy'] Def
- | {Annotation} {LocalModifier} TmplDef
- | Expr1
- |
-
- ForExpr ::= `for' (`(' Enumerators `)' | `{' Enumerators `}') ForYield(enums, expr)
- {nl} [`yield'] Expr ForDo(enums, expr)
- | `for' Enumerators (`do' Expr | `yield' Expr)
-
- Enumerators ::= Generator {semi Enumerator | Guard}
- Enumerator ::= Generator
- | Guard
- | Pattern1 `=' Expr GenAlias(pat, expr)
- Generator ::= Pattern1 `<-' Expr GenFrom(pat, expr)
- Guard ::= `if' PostfixExpr
-
- CaseClauses ::= CaseClause { CaseClause }
- CaseClause ::= `case' (Pattern [Guard] `=>' Block | INT) CaseDef(pat, guard?, block) // block starts at =>
-
- Pattern ::= Pattern1 { `|' Pattern1 } Alternative(pats)
- Pattern1 ::= PatVar `:' RefinedType Bind(name, Typed(Ident(wildcard), tpe))
- | Pattern2
- Pattern2 ::= [varid `@'] InfixPattern Bind(name, pat)
- InfixPattern ::= SimplePattern { id [nl] SimplePattern } InfixOp(pat, op, pat)
- SimplePattern ::= PatVar Ident(wildcard)
- | Literal Bind(name, Ident(wildcard))
- | `(' [Patterns] `)' Parens(pats) Tuple(pats)
- | XmlPattern
- | SimplePattern1 [TypeArgs] [ArgumentPatterns]
- SimplePattern1 ::= Path
- | `{' Block `}'
- | SimplePattern1 `.' id
- PatVar ::= varid
- | `_'
- Patterns ::= Pattern {`,' Pattern}
- ArgumentPatterns ::= `(' [Patterns] `)' Apply(fn, pats)
- | `(' [Patterns `,'] Pattern2 `:' `_' `*' ')
-
- ClsTypeParamClause::= `[' ClsTypeParam {`,' ClsTypeParam} `]'
- ClsTypeParam ::= {Annotation} [{Modifier} type] [`+' | `-'] TypeDef(Modifiers, name, tparams, bounds)
- id [HkTypeParamClause] TypeParamBounds Bound(below, above, context)
-
- DefTypeParamClause::= `[' DefTypeParam {`,' DefTypeParam} `]'
- DefTypeParam ::= {Annotation} id [HkTypeParamClause] TypeParamBounds
-
- TypTypeParamCaluse::= `[' TypTypeParam {`,' TypTypeParam} `]'
- TypTypeParam ::= {Annotation} id [HkTypeParamClause] TypeBounds
-
- HkTypeParamClause ::= `[' HkTypeParam {`,' HkTypeParam} `]'
- HkTypeParam ::= {Annotation} ['+' | `-'] (Id[HkTypeParamClause] | `_')
- TypeBounds
-
- ClsParamClauses ::= {ClsParamClause} [[nl] `(' `implicit' ClsParams `)']
- ClsParamClause ::= [nl] `(' [ClsParams] ')'
- ClsParams ::= ClsParam {`' ClsParam}
- ClsParam ::= {Annotation}
- [{Modifier} (`val' | `var') | `inline'] Param ValDef(mods, id, tpe, expr) -- point of mods on val/var
- Param ::= id `:' ParamType [`=' Expr]
- | INT
-
- DefParamClauses ::= {DefParamClause} [[nl] `(' `implicit' DefParams `)']
- DefParamClause ::= [nl] `(' [DefParams] ')'
- DefParams ::= DefParam {`,' DefParam}
- DefParam ::= {Annotation} [`inline'] Param ValDef(mods, id, tpe, expr) -- point of mods at id.
-
- Bindings ::= `(' Binding {`,' Binding}] `)'
- Binding ::= (id | `_') [`:' Type] ValDef(_, id, tpe, EmptyTree)
-
- Modifier ::= LocalModifier
- | AccessModifier
- | `override'
- LocalModifier ::= `abstract'
- | `final'
- | `sealed'
- | `implicit'
- | `lazy'
- AccessModifier ::= (`private' | `protected') [AccessQualifier]
- AccessQualifier ::= `[' (id | `this') `]'
-
- Annotation ::= `@' SimpleType {ParArgumentExprs} Apply(tpe, args)
-
- TemplateBody ::= [nl] `{' [SelfType] TemplateStat {semi TemplateStat} `} (self, stats)
- TemplateStat ::= Import
- | {Annotation [nl]} {Modifier} Def
- | {Annotation [nl]} {Modifier} Dcl
- | Expr1
- |
- SelfType ::= id [`:' InfixType] `=>' ValDef(_, name, tpt, _)
- | `this' `:' InfixType `=>
-
- Import ::= `import' ImportExpr {`,' ImportExpr}
- ImportExpr ::= StableId `.' (id | `_' | ImportSelectors) Import(expr, sels)
- ImportSelectors ::= `{' {ImportSelector `,'} (ImportSelector | `_') `}'
- ImportSelector ::= id [`=>' id | `=>' `_'] Ident(name), Pair(id, id)
-
- Dcl ::= `val' ValDcl
- | `var' VarDcl
- | `def' DefDcl
- | `type' {nl} TypeDcl
- | INT
-
- ValDcl ::= ids `:' Type PatDef(_, ids, tpe, EmptyTree)
- VarDcl ::= ids `:' Type PatDef(_, ids, tpe, EmptyTree)
- DefDcl ::= DefSig [`:' Type] DefDef(_, name, tparams, vparamss, tpe, EmptyTree)
- DefSig ::= id [DefTypeParamClause] DefParamClauses
- TypeDcl ::= id [TypTypeParamClause] ['=' Type] TypeDefTree(_, name, tparams, tpt)
- | id [HkTypeParamClause] TypeBounds TypeDefTree(_, name, tparams, bounds)
-
- Def ::= `val' PatDef
- | `var' VarDef
- | `def' DefDef
- | `type' {nl} TypeDcl
- | TmplDef
- | INT
- PatDef ::= Pattern2 {`,' Pattern2} [`:' Type] `=' Expr PatDef(_, pats, tpe?, expr)
- VarDef ::= PatDef
- | ids `:' Type `=' `_'
- DefDef ::= DefSig [`:' Type] `=' Expr DefDef(_, name, tparams, vparamss, tpe, expr)
- | DefSig [nl] `{' Block `}' DefDef(_, name, tparams, vparamss, tpe, Block)
- | `this' DefParamClause DefParamClauses DefDef(_, <init>, Nil, vparamss, EmptyTree, expr | Block)
- (`=' ConstrExpr | [nl] ConstrBlock)
-
- TmplDef ::= ([`case'] `class' | `trait') ClassDef
- | [`case'] `object' ObjectDef
- ClassDef ::= id [ClsTypeParamClause] ClassDef(mods, name, tparams, templ) //
- [ConstrMods] ClsParamClauses TemplateOpt with DefDef(_, <init>, Nil, vparamss, EmptyTree, EmptyTree) as first stat
- ConstrMods ::= AccessModifier
- | Annotation {Annotation} (AccessModifier | `this')
- ObjectDef ::= id TemplateOpt ModuleDef(mods, name, template) // no constructor
- TemplateOpt ::= [`extends' Template | [nl] TemplateBody]
- Template ::= ConstrApps [TemplateBody] | TemplateBody Template(constr, parents, self, stats)
- ConstrApps ::= ConstrApp {`with' ConstrApp}
- ConstrApp ::= AnnotType {ArgumentExprs} Apply(tp, args)
-
- ConstrExpr ::= SelfInvocation
- | ConstrBlock
- ConstrBlock ::= `{' SelfInvocation {semi BlockStat} `}'
- SelfInvocation ::= `this' ArgumentExprs {ArgumentExprs}
-
- TopStatSeq ::= TopStat {semi TopStat}
- TopStat ::= {Annotation [nl]} {Modifier} TmplDef
- | Import
- | Packaging
- | PackageObject
- |
- Packaging ::= `package' QualId [nl] `{' TopStatSeq `}' Package(qid, stats)
- PackageObject ::= `package' `object' ObjectDef object with package in mods.
-
- CompilationUnit ::= {`package' QualId semi} TopStatSeq Package(qid, stats)
-\end{lstlisting}
-}