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+package strawman.collections
+
+import Predef.{augmentString => _, wrapString => _, _}
+import scala.reflect.ClassTag
+
+/** A strawman architecture for new collections. It contains some
+ * example collection classes and methods with the intent to expose
+ * some key issues. It would be good to compare this to other
+ * implementations of the same functionality, to get an idea of the
+ * strengths and weaknesses of different collection architectures.
+ *
+ * For a test file, see tests/run/CollectionTests.scala.
+ */
+object CollectionStrawMan1 {
+
+ /* ------------ Base Traits -------------------------------- */
+
+ /** Replaces TraversableOnce */
+ trait CanIterate[+A] {
+ def iterator: Iterator[A]
+ }
+
+ /** Base trait for instances that can construct a collection from an iterator */
+ trait FromIterator[+C[X] <: Iterable[X]] {
+ def fromIterator[B](it: Iterator[B]): C[B]
+ }
+
+ /** Base trait for companion objects of collections */
+ trait IterableFactory[+C[X] <: Iterable[X]] extends FromIterator[C] {
+ def empty[X]: C[X] = fromIterator(Iterator.empty)
+ def apply[A](xs: A*): C[A] = fromIterator(Iterator(xs: _*))
+ }
+
+ /** Base trait for generic collections */
+ trait Iterable[+A] extends CanIterate[A] with FromIterator[Iterable]
+
+ /** Base trait for sequence collections */
+ trait Seq[+A] extends Iterable[A] with FromIterator[Seq] {
+ def apply(i: Int): A
+ def length: Int
+ }
+
+ /* ------------ Operations ----------------------------------- */
+
+ /** Operations returning types unrelated to current collection */
+ trait Ops[A] extends Any {
+ def iterator: Iterator[A]
+ def foreach(f: A => Unit): Unit = iterator.foreach(f)
+ def foldLeft[B](z: B)(op: (B, A) => B): B = iterator.foldLeft(z)(op)
+ def foldRight[B](z: B)(op: (A, B) => B): B = iterator.foldRight(z)(op)
+ def indexWhere(p: A => Boolean): Int = iterator.indexWhere(p)
+ def isEmpty: Boolean = !iterator.hasNext
+ def head: A = iterator.next
+ def view: View[A] = new View(iterator)
+ def to[C[X] <: Iterable[X]](fi: FromIterator[C]): C[A] = fi.fromIterator(iterator)
+ }
+
+ /** Transforms returning same collection type */
+ trait MonoTransforms[A, Repr] extends Any {
+ protected def iter: Iterator[A]
+ protected def fromIter(it: => Iterator[A]): Repr
+ def partition(p: A => Boolean): (Repr, Repr) = {
+ val (xs, ys) = iter.partition(p)
+ (fromIter(xs), fromIter(ys))
+ }
+ def drop(n: Int): Repr = fromIter(iter.drop(n))
+ }
+
+ /** Transforms returning same collection type constructor */
+ trait PolyTransforms[A, C[X]] extends Any {
+ protected def iter: Iterator[A]
+ protected def fromIter[B](it: => Iterator[B]): C[B]
+ def map[B](f: A => B): C[B] = fromIter(iter.map(f))
+ def flatMap[B](f: A => CanIterate[B]): C[B] = fromIter(iter.flatMap(f(_)))
+ def ++[B >: A](xs: CanIterate[B]): C[B] = fromIter(iter ++ xs)
+ def zip[B](xs: CanIterate[B]): C[(A, B)] = fromIter(iter.zip(xs.iterator))
+ }
+
+ /** Transforms that only apply to Seq */
+ trait MonoTransformsOfSeqs[A, Repr] extends Any with MonoTransforms[A, Repr] {
+ def reverse: Repr = fromIter(iter.reverse)
+ }
+
+ /** Implementation of Ops for all generic collections */
+ implicit class IterableOps[A](val c: Iterable[A])
+ extends AnyVal with Ops[A] {
+ def iterator = c.iterator
+ }
+
+ /** Implementation of MonoTransforms for all generic collections */
+ implicit class IterableMonoTransforms[A, C[X] <: Iterable[X]](val c: Iterable[A] with FromIterator[C])
+ extends AnyVal with MonoTransforms[A, C[A]] {
+ protected def iter = c.iterator
+ protected def fromIter(it: => Iterator[A]): C[A] = c.fromIterator(it)
+ }
+
+ /** Implementation of PolyTransforms for all generic collections */
+ implicit class IterablePolyTransforms[A, C[X] <: Iterable[X]](val c: Iterable[A] with FromIterator[C])
+ extends AnyVal with PolyTransforms[A, C] {
+ protected def iter = c.iterator
+ protected def fromIter[B](it: => Iterator[B]) = c.fromIterator(it)
+ }
+
+ /** Implementation of MonoTransformsForSeqs for all generic collections */
+ implicit class SeqMonoTransforms[A, C[X] <: Seq[X]](val c: Seq[A] with FromIterator[C])
+ extends AnyVal with MonoTransformsOfSeqs[A, C[A]] {
+ protected def iter = c.iterator
+ protected def fromIter(it: => Iterator[A]) = c.fromIterator(it)
+ }
+
+ /* --------- Concrete collection types ------------------------------- */
+
+ /** Concrete collection type: List */
+ sealed trait List[+A] extends Seq[A] with FromIterator[List] {
+ def isEmpty: Boolean
+ def head: A
+ def tail: List[A]
+ def iterator = new ListIterator[A](this)
+ def fromIterator[B](it: Iterator[B]): List[B] = List.fromIterator(it)
+ def apply(i: Int): A = {
+ require(!isEmpty)
+ if (i == 0) head else tail.apply(i - 1)
+ }
+ def length: Int =
+ if (isEmpty) 0 else 1 + tail.length
+ }
+
+ case class Cons[+A](x: A, xs: List[A]) extends List[A] {
+ def isEmpty = false
+ def head = x
+ def tail = xs
+ }
+
+ case object Nil extends List[Nothing] {
+ def isEmpty = true
+ def head = ???
+ def tail = ???
+ }
+
+ object List extends IterableFactory[List] {
+ def fromIterator[B](it: Iterator[B]): List[B] = it match {
+ case it: ListIterator[B] => it.toList
+ case _ => if (it.hasNext) Cons(it.next, fromIterator(it)) else Nil
+ }
+ }
+
+ class ListIterator[+A](xs: List[A]) extends Iterator[A] {
+ private[this] var current = xs
+ def hasNext = !current.isEmpty
+ def next = { val r = current.head; current = current.tail; r }
+ def toList = current
+ }
+
+ /** Concrete collection type: ArrayBuffer */
+ class ArrayBuffer[A] private (initElems: Array[AnyRef], initLength: Int) extends Seq[A] with FromIterator[ArrayBuffer] {
+ def this() = this(new Array[AnyRef](16), 0)
+ private var elems: Array[AnyRef] = initElems
+ private var start = 0
+ private var limit = initLength
+ def apply(i: Int) = elems(start + i).asInstanceOf[A]
+ def length = limit - start
+ def iterator = new ArrayBufferIterator[A](elems, start, length)
+ def fromIterator[B](it: Iterator[B]): ArrayBuffer[B] =
+ ArrayBuffer.fromIterator(it)
+ def +=(elem: A): this.type = {
+ if (limit == elems.length) {
+ if (start > 0) {
+ Array.copy(elems, start, elems, 0, length)
+ limit -= start
+ start = 0
+ }
+ else {
+ val newelems = new Array[AnyRef](limit * 2)
+ Array.copy(elems, 0, newelems, 0, limit)
+ elems = newelems
+ }
+ }
+ elems(limit) = elem.asInstanceOf[AnyRef]
+ limit += 1
+ this
+ }
+ def trimStart(n: Int): Unit = start += (n max 0)
+ override def toString = s"ArrayBuffer(${elems.slice(start, limit).mkString(", ")})"
+ }
+
+ object ArrayBuffer extends IterableFactory[ArrayBuffer] {
+ def fromIterator[B](it: Iterator[B]): ArrayBuffer[B] = it match {
+ case Iterator.Concat(fst: ArrayBufferIterator[_], snd: ArrayBufferIterator[_]) =>
+ val elems = new Array[AnyRef](fst.remaining + snd.remaining)
+ Array.copy(fst.elems, fst.start, elems, 0, fst.remaining)
+ Array.copy(snd.elems, snd.start, elems, fst.remaining, snd.remaining)
+ new ArrayBuffer(elems, elems.length)
+ case it @ Iterator.Partition(underlying, _, buf, _) =>
+ while (underlying.hasNext) it.distribute()
+ buf.asInstanceOf[ArrayBuffer[B]]
+ case it if it.remaining >= 0 =>
+ val elems = new Array[AnyRef](it.remaining)
+ for (i <- 0 until elems.length) elems(i) = it.next.asInstanceOf[AnyRef]
+ new ArrayBuffer[B](elems, elems.length)
+ case _ =>
+ val buf = new ArrayBuffer[B]
+ while (it.hasNext) buf += it.next
+ buf
+ }
+ }
+
+ class ArrayBufferIterator[A](val elems: Array[AnyRef], initStart: Int, length: Int) extends RandomAccessIterator[A] {
+ val limit = length
+ def apply(n: Int) = elems(initStart + n).asInstanceOf[A]
+ }
+
+ /** Concrete collection type: View */
+ class View[+A](it: => Iterator[A]) extends CanIterate[A] {
+ def iterator = it
+ }
+
+ implicit class ViewOps[A](val v: View[A]) extends AnyVal with Ops[A] {
+ def iterator = v.iterator
+ def cache = to(ArrayBuffer).view
+ }
+
+ implicit class ViewMonoTransforms[A](val v: View[A])
+ extends AnyVal with MonoTransforms[A, View[A]] {
+ protected def iter = v.iterator
+ protected def fromIter(it: => Iterator[A]): View[A] = new View(it)
+ }
+
+ implicit class ViewPolyTransforms[A](val v: View[A])
+ extends AnyVal with PolyTransforms[A, View] {
+ protected def iter = v.iterator
+ protected def fromIter[B](it: => Iterator[B]) = new View(it)
+ }
+
+ /** Concrete collection type: String */
+ implicit class StringOps(val s: String) extends AnyVal with Ops[Char] {
+ def iterator: Iterator[Char] = new RandomAccessIterator[Char] {
+ override val limit = s.length
+ def apply(n: Int) = s.charAt(n)
+ }
+ }
+
+ implicit class StringMonoTransforms(val s: String)
+ extends AnyVal with MonoTransformsOfSeqs[Char, String] {
+ protected def iter = StringOps(s).iterator
+ protected def fromIter(it: => Iterator[Char]) = {
+ val sb = new StringBuilder
+ for (ch <- it) sb.append(ch)
+ sb.toString
+ }
+ }
+
+ implicit class StringPolyTransforms(val s: String)
+ extends AnyVal with PolyTransforms[Char, Seq] {
+ protected def iter = StringOps(s).iterator
+ protected def fromIter[B](it: => Iterator[B]) = List.fromIterator(it)
+ def map(f: Char => Char): String = {
+ val sb = new StringBuilder
+ for (ch <- s) sb.append(f(ch))
+ sb.toString
+ }
+ def flatMap(f: Char => String) = {
+ val sb = new StringBuilder
+ for (ch <- s) sb.append(f(ch))
+ sb.toString
+ }
+ def ++(xs: CanIterate[Char]): String = {
+ val sb = new StringBuilder(s)
+ for (ch <- xs.iterator) sb.append(ch)
+ sb.toString
+ }
+ def ++(xs: String): String = s + xs
+ }
+
+/* ---------- Iterators --------------------------------------------------- */
+
+ /** A core Iterator class */
+ trait Iterator[+A] extends CanIterate[A] { self =>
+ def hasNext: Boolean
+ def next: A
+ def iterator = this
+ def foldLeft[B](z: B)(op: (B, A) => B): B =
+ if (hasNext) foldLeft(op(z, next))(op) else z
+ def foldRight[B](z: B)(op: (A, B) => B): B =
+ if (hasNext) op(next, foldRight(z)(op)) else z
+ def foreach(f: A => Unit): Unit =
+ while (hasNext) f(next)
+ def indexWhere(p: A => Boolean): Int = {
+ var i = 0
+ while (hasNext) {
+ if (p(next)) return i
+ i += 1
+ }
+ -1
+ }
+ def map[B](f: A => B): Iterator[B] = Iterator.Map(this, f)
+ def flatMap[B](f: A => CanIterate[B]): Iterator[B] = Iterator.FlatMap(this, f)
+ def ++[B >: A](xs: CanIterate[B]): Iterator[B] = Iterator.Concat(this, xs.iterator)
+ def partition(p: A => Boolean): (Iterator[A], Iterator[A]) = {
+ val lookaheadTrue, lookaheadFalse = new ArrayBuffer[A]
+ (Iterator.Partition(this, p, lookaheadTrue, lookaheadFalse),
+ Iterator.Partition[A](this, !p(_), lookaheadFalse, lookaheadTrue))
+ }
+ def drop(n: Int): Iterator[A] = Iterator.Drop(this, n)
+ def zip[B](that: CanIterate[B]): Iterator[(A, B)] = Iterator.Zip(this, that.iterator)
+ def reverse: Iterator[A] = {
+ var elems: List[A] = Nil
+ while (hasNext) elems = Cons(next, elems)
+ elems.iterator
+ }
+
+ /** If this iterator results from applying a transfomation to another iterator,
+ * that other iterator, otherwise the iterator itself.
+ */
+ def underlying: Iterator[_] = this
+
+ /** If the number of elements still to be returned by this iterator is known,
+ * that number, otherwise -1.
+ */
+ def remaining = -1
+ }
+
+ object Iterator {
+ val empty: Iterator[Nothing] = new Iterator[Nothing] {
+ def hasNext = false
+ def next = ???
+ override def remaining = 0
+ }
+ def apply[A](xs: A*): Iterator[A] = new RandomAccessIterator[A] {
+ override val limit = xs.length
+ def apply(n: Int) = xs(n)
+ }
+ def nextOnEmpty = throw new NoSuchElementException("next on empty iterator")
+
+ case class Map[A, B](override val underlying: Iterator[A], f: A => B) extends Iterator[B] {
+ def hasNext = underlying.hasNext
+ def next = f(underlying.next)
+ override def remaining = underlying.remaining
+ }
+ case class FlatMap[A, B](override val underlying: Iterator[A], f: A => CanIterate[B]) extends Iterator[B] {
+ private var myCurrent: Iterator[B] = Iterator.empty
+ private def current = {
+ while (!myCurrent.hasNext && underlying.hasNext)
+ myCurrent = f(underlying.next).iterator
+ myCurrent
+ }
+ def hasNext = current.hasNext
+ def next = current.next
+ }
+ case class Concat[A](override val underlying: Iterator[A], other: Iterator[A]) extends Iterator[A] {
+ private var myCurrent = underlying
+ private def current = {
+ if (!myCurrent.hasNext && myCurrent.eq(underlying)) myCurrent = other
+ myCurrent
+ }
+ def hasNext = current.hasNext
+ def next = current.next
+ override def remaining =
+ if (underlying.remaining >= 0 && other.remaining >= 0)
+ underlying.remaining + other.remaining
+ else -1
+ }
+ case class Partition[A](override val underlying: Iterator[A], p: A => Boolean, lookahead: ArrayBuffer[A], dual: ArrayBuffer[A]) extends Iterator[A] {
+ def distribute() = {
+ val elem = underlying.next
+ (if (p(elem)) lookahead else dual) += elem
+ }
+ final def hasNext: Boolean =
+ !lookahead.isEmpty || underlying.hasNext && { distribute(); hasNext }
+ final def next =
+ if (hasNext) {
+ val r = lookahead.head
+ lookahead.trimStart(1)
+ r
+ } else Iterator.nextOnEmpty
+ }
+ case class Drop[A](override val underlying: Iterator[A], n: Int) extends Iterator[A] {
+ var toSkip = n
+ def hasNext: Boolean = underlying.hasNext && (
+ toSkip == 0 || { underlying.next; toSkip -= 1; hasNext })
+ def next = if (hasNext) underlying.next else nextOnEmpty
+ override def remaining = (underlying.remaining - toSkip) max -1
+ }
+ case class Zip[A, B](override val underlying: Iterator[A], other: Iterator[B]) extends Iterator[(A, B)] {
+ def hasNext = underlying.hasNext && other.hasNext
+ def next = (underlying.next, other.next)
+ override def remaining = underlying.remaining min other.remaining
+ }
+ case class Reverse[A](override val underlying: RandomAccessIterator[A]) extends RandomAccessIterator[A] {
+ def apply(n: Int) = underlying.apply(underlying.limit - 1 - n)
+ def limit = underlying.remaining
+ }
+ }
+
+ trait RandomAccessIterator[+A] extends Iterator[A] { self =>
+ def apply(n: Int): A
+ def limit: Int
+ var start = 0
+ override def remaining = (limit - start) max 0
+ def hasNext = start < limit
+ def next: A = { val r = this(start); start += 1; r }
+ override def drop(n: Int): Iterator[A] = { start += (n max 0); this }
+ override def reverse: Iterator[A] = new Iterator.Reverse(this)
+ }
+}
+