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+/****************************************************************************
+ *
+ * Copyright (C) 2013 PX4 Development Team. All rights reserved.
+ * Author: Hyon Lim <limhyon@gmail.com>
+ * Anton Babushkin <anton.babushkin@me.com>
+ *
+ * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+ * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
+ * are met:
+ *
+ * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+ * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+ * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
+ * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in
+ * the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
+ * distribution.
+ * 3. Neither the name PX4 nor the names of its contributors may be
+ * used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
+ * without specific prior written permission.
+ *
+ * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
+ * "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+ * LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS
+ * FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+ * COPYRIGHT OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
+ * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING,
+ * BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS
+ * OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED
+ * AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
+ * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN
+ * ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
+ * POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+ *
+ ****************************************************************************/
+
+ /*
+ * @file attitude_estimator_so3_main.cpp
+ *
+ * Implementation of nonlinear complementary filters on the SO(3).
+ * This code performs attitude estimation by using accelerometer, gyroscopes and magnetometer.
+ * Result is provided as quaternion, 1-2-3 Euler angle and rotation matrix.
+ *
+ * Theory of nonlinear complementary filters on the SO(3) is based on [1].
+ * Quaternion realization of [1] is based on [2].
+ * Optmized quaternion update code is based on Sebastian Madgwick's implementation.
+ *
+ * References
+ * [1] Mahony, R.; Hamel, T.; Pflimlin, Jean-Michel, "Nonlinear Complementary Filters on the Special Orthogonal Group," Automatic Control, IEEE Transactions on , vol.53, no.5, pp.1203,1218, June 2008
+ * [2] Euston, M.; Coote, P.; Mahony, R.; Jonghyuk Kim; Hamel, T., "A complementary filter for attitude estimation of a fixed-wing UAV," Intelligent Robots and Systems, 2008. IROS 2008. IEEE/RSJ International Conference on , vol., no., pp.340,345, 22-26 Sept. 2008
+ */
+
+#include <nuttx/config.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdbool.h>
+#include <poll.h>
+#include <fcntl.h>
+#include <float.h>
+#include <nuttx/sched.h>
+#include <sys/prctl.h>
+#include <termios.h>
+#include <errno.h>
+#include <limits.h>
+#include <math.h>
+#include <uORB/uORB.h>
+#include <uORB/topics/debug_key_value.h>
+#include <uORB/topics/sensor_combined.h>
+#include <uORB/topics/vehicle_attitude.h>
+#include <uORB/topics/vehicle_control_mode.h>
+#include <uORB/topics/parameter_update.h>
+#include <drivers/drv_hrt.h>
+
+#include <systemlib/systemlib.h>
+#include <systemlib/perf_counter.h>
+#include <systemlib/err.h>
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C" {
+#endif
+#include "attitude_estimator_so3_params.h"
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+#endif
+
+extern "C" __EXPORT int attitude_estimator_so3_main(int argc, char *argv[]);
+
+static bool thread_should_exit = false; /**< Deamon exit flag */
+static bool thread_running = false; /**< Deamon status flag */
+static int attitude_estimator_so3_task; /**< Handle of deamon task / thread */
+
+//! Auxiliary variables to reduce number of repeated operations
+static float q0 = 1.0f, q1 = 0.0f, q2 = 0.0f, q3 = 0.0f; /** quaternion of sensor frame relative to auxiliary frame */
+static float dq0 = 0.0f, dq1 = 0.0f, dq2 = 0.0f, dq3 = 0.0f; /** quaternion of sensor frame relative to auxiliary frame */
+static float gyro_bias[3] = {0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f}; /** bias estimation */
+static float q0q0, q0q1, q0q2, q0q3;
+static float q1q1, q1q2, q1q3;
+static float q2q2, q2q3;
+static float q3q3;
+static bool bFilterInit = false;
+
+/**
+ * Mainloop of attitude_estimator_so3.
+ */
+int attitude_estimator_so3_thread_main(int argc, char *argv[]);
+
+/**
+ * Print the correct usage.
+ */
+static void usage(const char *reason);
+
+/* Function prototypes */
+float invSqrt(float number);
+void NonlinearSO3AHRSinit(float ax, float ay, float az, float mx, float my, float mz);
+void NonlinearSO3AHRSupdate(float gx, float gy, float gz, float ax, float ay, float az, float mx, float my, float mz, float twoKp, float twoKi, float dt);
+
+static void
+usage(const char *reason)
+{
+ if (reason)
+ fprintf(stderr, "%s\n", reason);
+
+ fprintf(stderr, "usage: attitude_estimator_so3 {start|stop|status}\n");
+ exit(1);
+}
+
+/**
+ * The attitude_estimator_so3 app only briefly exists to start
+ * the background job. The stack size assigned in the
+ * Makefile does only apply to this management task.
+ *
+ * The actual stack size should be set in the call
+ * to task_create().
+ */
+int attitude_estimator_so3_main(int argc, char *argv[])
+{
+ if (argc < 1)
+ usage("missing command");
+
+ if (!strcmp(argv[1], "start")) {
+
+ if (thread_running) {
+ warnx("already running\n");
+ /* this is not an error */
+ exit(0);
+ }
+
+ thread_should_exit = false;
+ attitude_estimator_so3_task = task_spawn_cmd("attitude_estimator_so3",
+ SCHED_DEFAULT,
+ SCHED_PRIORITY_MAX - 5,
+ 14000,
+ attitude_estimator_so3_thread_main,
+ (argv) ? (const char **)&argv[2] : (const char **)NULL);
+ exit(0);
+ }
+
+ if (!strcmp(argv[1], "stop")) {
+ thread_should_exit = true;
+
+ while (thread_running){
+ usleep(200000);
+ }
+
+ warnx("stopped");
+ exit(0);
+ }
+
+ if (!strcmp(argv[1], "status")) {
+ if (thread_running) {
+ warnx("running");
+ exit(0);
+
+ } else {
+ warnx("not started");
+ exit(1);
+ }
+
+ exit(0);
+ }
+
+ usage("unrecognized command");
+ exit(1);
+}
+
+//---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Fast inverse square-root
+// See: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fast_inverse_square_root
+float invSqrt(float number)
+{
+ volatile long i;
+ volatile float x, y;
+ volatile const float f = 1.5F;
+
+ x = number * 0.5F;
+ y = number;
+ i = * (( long * ) &y);
+ i = 0x5f375a86 - ( i >> 1 );
+ y = * (( float * ) &i);
+ y = y * ( f - ( x * y * y ) );
+ return y;
+}
+
+//! Using accelerometer, sense the gravity vector.
+//! Using magnetometer, sense yaw.
+void NonlinearSO3AHRSinit(float ax, float ay, float az, float mx, float my, float mz)
+{
+ float initialRoll, initialPitch;
+ float cosRoll, sinRoll, cosPitch, sinPitch;
+ float magX, magY;
+ float initialHdg, cosHeading, sinHeading;
+
+ initialRoll = atan2(-ay, -az);
+ initialPitch = atan2(ax, -az);
+
+ cosRoll = cosf(initialRoll);
+ sinRoll = sinf(initialRoll);
+ cosPitch = cosf(initialPitch);
+ sinPitch = sinf(initialPitch);
+
+ magX = mx * cosPitch + my * sinRoll * sinPitch + mz * cosRoll * sinPitch;
+
+ magY = my * cosRoll - mz * sinRoll;
+
+ initialHdg = atan2f(-magY, magX);
+
+ cosRoll = cosf(initialRoll * 0.5f);
+ sinRoll = sinf(initialRoll * 0.5f);
+
+ cosPitch = cosf(initialPitch * 0.5f);
+ sinPitch = sinf(initialPitch * 0.5f);
+
+ cosHeading = cosf(initialHdg * 0.5f);
+ sinHeading = sinf(initialHdg * 0.5f);
+
+ q0 = cosRoll * cosPitch * cosHeading + sinRoll * sinPitch * sinHeading;
+ q1 = sinRoll * cosPitch * cosHeading - cosRoll * sinPitch * sinHeading;
+ q2 = cosRoll * sinPitch * cosHeading + sinRoll * cosPitch * sinHeading;
+ q3 = cosRoll * cosPitch * sinHeading - sinRoll * sinPitch * cosHeading;
+
+ // auxillary variables to reduce number of repeated operations, for 1st pass
+ q0q0 = q0 * q0;
+ q0q1 = q0 * q1;
+ q0q2 = q0 * q2;
+ q0q3 = q0 * q3;
+ q1q1 = q1 * q1;
+ q1q2 = q1 * q2;
+ q1q3 = q1 * q3;
+ q2q2 = q2 * q2;
+ q2q3 = q2 * q3;
+ q3q3 = q3 * q3;
+}
+
+void NonlinearSO3AHRSupdate(float gx, float gy, float gz, float ax, float ay, float az, float mx, float my, float mz, float twoKp, float twoKi, float dt)
+{
+ float recipNorm;
+ float halfex = 0.0f, halfey = 0.0f, halfez = 0.0f;
+
+ // Make filter converge to initial solution faster
+ // This function assumes you are in static position.
+ // WARNING : in case air reboot, this can cause problem. But this is very unlikely happen.
+ if(bFilterInit == false) {
+ NonlinearSO3AHRSinit(ax,ay,az,mx,my,mz);
+ bFilterInit = true;
+ }
+
+ //! If magnetometer measurement is available, use it.
+ if(!((mx == 0.0f) && (my == 0.0f) && (mz == 0.0f))) {
+ float hx, hy, hz, bx, bz;
+ float halfwx, halfwy, halfwz;
+
+ // Normalise magnetometer measurement
+ // Will sqrt work better? PX4 system is powerful enough?
+ recipNorm = invSqrt(mx * mx + my * my + mz * mz);
+ mx *= recipNorm;
+ my *= recipNorm;
+ mz *= recipNorm;
+
+ // Reference direction of Earth's magnetic field
+ hx = 2.0f * (mx * (0.5f - q2q2 - q3q3) + my * (q1q2 - q0q3) + mz * (q1q3 + q0q2));
+ hy = 2.0f * (mx * (q1q2 + q0q3) + my * (0.5f - q1q1 - q3q3) + mz * (q2q3 - q0q1));
+ hz = 2.0f * mx * (q1q3 - q0q2) + 2.0f * my * (q2q3 + q0q1) + 2.0f * mz * (0.5f - q1q1 - q2q2);
+ bx = sqrt(hx * hx + hy * hy);
+ bz = hz;
+
+ // Estimated direction of magnetic field
+ halfwx = bx * (0.5f - q2q2 - q3q3) + bz * (q1q3 - q0q2);
+ halfwy = bx * (q1q2 - q0q3) + bz * (q0q1 + q2q3);
+ halfwz = bx * (q0q2 + q1q3) + bz * (0.5f - q1q1 - q2q2);
+
+ // Error is sum of cross product between estimated direction and measured direction of field vectors
+ halfex += (my * halfwz - mz * halfwy);
+ halfey += (mz * halfwx - mx * halfwz);
+ halfez += (mx * halfwy - my * halfwx);
+ }
+
+ // Compute feedback only if accelerometer measurement valid (avoids NaN in accelerometer normalisation)
+ if(!((ax == 0.0f) && (ay == 0.0f) && (az == 0.0f))) {
+ float halfvx, halfvy, halfvz;
+
+ // Normalise accelerometer measurement
+ recipNorm = invSqrt(ax * ax + ay * ay + az * az);
+ ax *= recipNorm;
+ ay *= recipNorm;
+ az *= recipNorm;
+
+ // Estimated direction of gravity and magnetic field
+ halfvx = q1q3 - q0q2;
+ halfvy = q0q1 + q2q3;
+ halfvz = q0q0 - 0.5f + q3q3;
+
+ // Error is sum of cross product between estimated direction and measured direction of field vectors
+ halfex += ay * halfvz - az * halfvy;
+ halfey += az * halfvx - ax * halfvz;
+ halfez += ax * halfvy - ay * halfvx;
+ }
+
+ // Apply feedback only when valid data has been gathered from the accelerometer or magnetometer
+ if(halfex != 0.0f && halfey != 0.0f && halfez != 0.0f) {
+ // Compute and apply integral feedback if enabled
+ if(twoKi > 0.0f) {
+ gyro_bias[0] += twoKi * halfex * dt; // integral error scaled by Ki
+ gyro_bias[1] += twoKi * halfey * dt;
+ gyro_bias[2] += twoKi * halfez * dt;
+
+ // apply integral feedback
+ gx += gyro_bias[0];
+ gy += gyro_bias[1];
+ gz += gyro_bias[2];
+ }
+ else {
+ gyro_bias[0] = 0.0f; // prevent integral windup
+ gyro_bias[1] = 0.0f;
+ gyro_bias[2] = 0.0f;
+ }
+
+ // Apply proportional feedback
+ gx += twoKp * halfex;
+ gy += twoKp * halfey;
+ gz += twoKp * halfez;
+ }
+
+ //! Integrate rate of change of quaternion
+#if 0
+ gx *= (0.5f * dt); // pre-multiply common factors
+ gy *= (0.5f * dt);
+ gz *= (0.5f * dt);
+#endif
+
+ // Time derivative of quaternion. q_dot = 0.5*q\otimes omega.
+ //! q_k = q_{k-1} + dt*\dot{q}
+ //! \dot{q} = 0.5*q \otimes P(\omega)
+ dq0 = 0.5f*(-q1 * gx - q2 * gy - q3 * gz);
+ dq1 = 0.5f*(q0 * gx + q2 * gz - q3 * gy);
+ dq2 = 0.5f*(q0 * gy - q1 * gz + q3 * gx);
+ dq3 = 0.5f*(q0 * gz + q1 * gy - q2 * gx);
+
+ q0 += dt*dq0;
+ q1 += dt*dq1;
+ q2 += dt*dq2;
+ q3 += dt*dq3;
+
+ // Normalise quaternion
+ recipNorm = invSqrt(q0 * q0 + q1 * q1 + q2 * q2 + q3 * q3);
+ q0 *= recipNorm;
+ q1 *= recipNorm;
+ q2 *= recipNorm;
+ q3 *= recipNorm;
+
+ // Auxiliary variables to avoid repeated arithmetic
+ q0q0 = q0 * q0;
+ q0q1 = q0 * q1;
+ q0q2 = q0 * q2;
+ q0q3 = q0 * q3;
+ q1q1 = q1 * q1;
+ q1q2 = q1 * q2;
+ q1q3 = q1 * q3;
+ q2q2 = q2 * q2;
+ q2q3 = q2 * q3;
+ q3q3 = q3 * q3;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Nonliner complementary filter on SO(3), attitude estimator main function.
+ *
+ * Estimates the attitude once started.
+ *
+ * @param argc number of commandline arguments (plus command name)
+ * @param argv strings containing the arguments
+ */
+int attitude_estimator_so3_thread_main(int argc, char *argv[])
+{
+ const unsigned int loop_interval_alarm = 6500; // loop interval in microseconds
+
+ //! Time constant
+ float dt = 0.005f;
+
+ /* output euler angles */
+ float euler[3] = {0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f};
+
+ /* Initialization */
+ float Rot_matrix[9] = {1.f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.f }; /**< init: identity matrix */
+ float acc[3] = {0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f};
+ float gyro[3] = {0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f};
+ float mag[3] = {0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f};
+
+ warnx("main thread started");
+
+ struct sensor_combined_s raw;
+ memset(&raw, 0, sizeof(raw));
+
+ //! Initialize attitude vehicle uORB message.
+ struct vehicle_attitude_s att;
+ memset(&att, 0, sizeof(att));
+
+ struct vehicle_control_mode_s control_mode;
+ memset(&control_mode, 0, sizeof(control_mode));
+
+ uint64_t last_data = 0;
+ uint64_t last_measurement = 0;
+
+ /* subscribe to raw data */
+ int sub_raw = orb_subscribe(ORB_ID(sensor_combined));
+ /* rate-limit raw data updates to 333 Hz (sensors app publishes at 200, so this is just paranoid) */
+ orb_set_interval(sub_raw, 3);
+
+ /* subscribe to param changes */
+ int sub_params = orb_subscribe(ORB_ID(parameter_update));
+
+ /* subscribe to control mode */
+ int sub_control_mode = orb_subscribe(ORB_ID(vehicle_control_mode));
+
+ /* advertise attitude */
+ //orb_advert_t pub_att = orb_advertise(ORB_ID(vehicle_attitude), &att);
+ //orb_advert_t att_pub = -1;
+ orb_advert_t att_pub = orb_advertise(ORB_ID(vehicle_attitude), &att);
+
+ int loopcounter = 0;
+ int printcounter = 0;
+
+ thread_running = true;
+
+ float sensor_update_hz[3] = {0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f};
+ // XXX write this out to perf regs
+
+ /* keep track of sensor updates */
+ uint32_t sensor_last_count[3] = {0, 0, 0};
+ uint64_t sensor_last_timestamp[3] = {0, 0, 0};
+
+ struct attitude_estimator_so3_params so3_comp_params;
+ struct attitude_estimator_so3_param_handles so3_comp_param_handles;
+
+ /* initialize parameter handles */
+ parameters_init(&so3_comp_param_handles);
+ parameters_update(&so3_comp_param_handles, &so3_comp_params);
+
+ uint64_t start_time = hrt_absolute_time();
+ bool initialized = false;
+ bool state_initialized = false;
+
+ float gyro_offsets[3] = { 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f };
+ unsigned offset_count = 0;
+
+ /* register the perf counter */
+ perf_counter_t so3_comp_loop_perf = perf_alloc(PC_ELAPSED, "attitude_estimator_so3");
+
+ /* Main loop*/
+ while (!thread_should_exit) {
+
+ struct pollfd fds[2];
+ fds[0].fd = sub_raw;
+ fds[0].events = POLLIN;
+ fds[1].fd = sub_params;
+ fds[1].events = POLLIN;
+ int ret = poll(fds, 2, 1000);
+
+ if (ret < 0) {
+ /* XXX this is seriously bad - should be an emergency */
+ } else if (ret == 0) {
+ /* check if we're in HIL - not getting sensor data is fine then */
+ orb_copy(ORB_ID(vehicle_control_mode), sub_control_mode, &control_mode);
+
+ if (!control_mode.flag_system_hil_enabled) {
+ warnx("WARNING: Not getting sensors - sensor app running?");
+ }
+ } else {
+ /* only update parameters if they changed */
+ if (fds[1].revents & POLLIN) {
+ /* read from param to clear updated flag */
+ struct parameter_update_s update;
+ orb_copy(ORB_ID(parameter_update), sub_params, &update);
+
+ /* update parameters */
+ parameters_update(&so3_comp_param_handles, &so3_comp_params);
+ }
+
+ /* only run filter if sensor values changed */
+ if (fds[0].revents & POLLIN) {
+
+ /* get latest measurements */
+ orb_copy(ORB_ID(sensor_combined), sub_raw, &raw);
+
+ if (!initialized) {
+
+ gyro_offsets[0] += raw.gyro_rad_s[0];
+ gyro_offsets[1] += raw.gyro_rad_s[1];
+ gyro_offsets[2] += raw.gyro_rad_s[2];
+ offset_count++;
+
+ if (hrt_absolute_time() > start_time + 3000000l) {
+ initialized = true;
+ gyro_offsets[0] /= offset_count;
+ gyro_offsets[1] /= offset_count;
+ gyro_offsets[2] /= offset_count;
+ warnx("gyro initialized, offsets: %.5f %.5f %.5f", gyro_offsets[0], gyro_offsets[1], gyro_offsets[2]);
+ }
+
+ } else {
+
+ perf_begin(so3_comp_loop_perf);
+
+ /* Calculate data time difference in seconds */
+ dt = (raw.timestamp - last_measurement) / 1000000.0f;
+ last_measurement = raw.timestamp;
+ uint8_t update_vect[3] = {0, 0, 0};
+
+ /* Fill in gyro measurements */
+ if (sensor_last_count[0] != raw.gyro_counter) {
+ update_vect[0] = 1;
+ sensor_last_count[0] = raw.gyro_counter;
+ sensor_update_hz[0] = 1e6f / (raw.timestamp - sensor_last_timestamp[0]);
+ sensor_last_timestamp[0] = raw.timestamp;
+ }
+
+ gyro[0] = raw.gyro_rad_s[0] - gyro_offsets[0];
+ gyro[1] = raw.gyro_rad_s[1] - gyro_offsets[1];
+ gyro[2] = raw.gyro_rad_s[2] - gyro_offsets[2];
+
+ /* update accelerometer measurements */
+ if (sensor_last_count[1] != raw.accelerometer_counter) {
+ update_vect[1] = 1;
+ sensor_last_count[1] = raw.accelerometer_counter;
+ sensor_update_hz[1] = 1e6f / (raw.timestamp - sensor_last_timestamp[1]);
+ sensor_last_timestamp[1] = raw.timestamp;
+ }
+
+ acc[0] = raw.accelerometer_m_s2[0];
+ acc[1] = raw.accelerometer_m_s2[1];
+ acc[2] = raw.accelerometer_m_s2[2];
+
+ /* update magnetometer measurements */
+ if (sensor_last_count[2] != raw.magnetometer_counter) {
+ update_vect[2] = 1;
+ sensor_last_count[2] = raw.magnetometer_counter;
+ sensor_update_hz[2] = 1e6f / (raw.timestamp - sensor_last_timestamp[2]);
+ sensor_last_timestamp[2] = raw.timestamp;
+ }
+
+ mag[0] = raw.magnetometer_ga[0];
+ mag[1] = raw.magnetometer_ga[1];
+ mag[2] = raw.magnetometer_ga[2];
+
+ /* initialize with good values once we have a reasonable dt estimate */
+ if (!state_initialized && dt < 0.05f && dt > 0.001f) {
+ state_initialized = true;
+ warnx("state initialized");
+ }
+
+ /* do not execute the filter if not initialized */
+ if (!state_initialized) {
+ continue;
+ }
+
+ uint64_t timing_start = hrt_absolute_time();
+
+ // NOTE : Accelerometer is reversed.
+ // Because proper mount of PX4 will give you a reversed accelerometer readings.
+ NonlinearSO3AHRSupdate(gyro[0], gyro[1], gyro[2],
+ -acc[0], -acc[1], -acc[2],
+ mag[0], mag[1], mag[2],
+ so3_comp_params.Kp,
+ so3_comp_params.Ki,
+ dt);
+
+ // Convert q->R, This R converts inertial frame to body frame.
+ Rot_matrix[0] = q0q0 + q1q1 - q2q2 - q3q3;// 11
+ Rot_matrix[1] = 2.f * (q1*q2 + q0*q3); // 12
+ Rot_matrix[2] = 2.f * (q1*q3 - q0*q2); // 13
+ Rot_matrix[3] = 2.f * (q1*q2 - q0*q3); // 21
+ Rot_matrix[4] = q0q0 - q1q1 + q2q2 - q3q3;// 22
+ Rot_matrix[5] = 2.f * (q2*q3 + q0*q1); // 23
+ Rot_matrix[6] = 2.f * (q1*q3 + q0*q2); // 31
+ Rot_matrix[7] = 2.f * (q2*q3 - q0*q1); // 32
+ Rot_matrix[8] = q0q0 - q1q1 - q2q2 + q3q3;// 33
+
+ //1-2-3 Representation.
+ //Equation (290)
+ //Representing Attitude: Euler Angles, Unit Quaternions, and Rotation Vectors, James Diebel.
+ // Existing PX4 EKF code was generated by MATLAB which uses coloum major order matrix.
+ euler[0] = atan2f(Rot_matrix[5], Rot_matrix[8]); //! Roll
+ euler[1] = -asinf(Rot_matrix[2]); //! Pitch
+ euler[2] = atan2f(Rot_matrix[1], Rot_matrix[0]); //! Yaw
+
+ /* swap values for next iteration, check for fatal inputs */
+ if (isfinite(euler[0]) && isfinite(euler[1]) && isfinite(euler[2])) {
+ // Publish only finite euler angles
+ att.roll = euler[0] - so3_comp_params.roll_off;
+ att.pitch = euler[1] - so3_comp_params.pitch_off;
+ att.yaw = euler[2] - so3_comp_params.yaw_off;
+ } else {
+ /* due to inputs or numerical failure the output is invalid, skip it */
+ // Due to inputs or numerical failure the output is invalid
+ warnx("infinite euler angles, rotation matrix:");
+ warnx("%.3f %.3f %.3f", Rot_matrix[0], Rot_matrix[1], Rot_matrix[2]);
+ warnx("%.3f %.3f %.3f", Rot_matrix[3], Rot_matrix[4], Rot_matrix[5]);
+ warnx("%.3f %.3f %.3f", Rot_matrix[6], Rot_matrix[7], Rot_matrix[8]);
+ // Don't publish anything
+ continue;
+ }
+
+ if (last_data > 0 && raw.timestamp > last_data + 12000) {
+ warnx("sensor data missed");
+ }
+
+ last_data = raw.timestamp;
+
+ /* send out */
+ att.timestamp = raw.timestamp;
+
+ // Quaternion
+ att.q[0] = q0;
+ att.q[1] = q1;
+ att.q[2] = q2;
+ att.q[3] = q3;
+ att.q_valid = true;
+
+ // Euler angle rate. But it needs to be investigated again.
+ /*
+ att.rollspeed = 2.0f*(-q1*dq0 + q0*dq1 - q3*dq2 + q2*dq3);
+ att.pitchspeed = 2.0f*(-q2*dq0 + q3*dq1 + q0*dq2 - q1*dq3);
+ att.yawspeed = 2.0f*(-q3*dq0 -q2*dq1 + q1*dq2 + q0*dq3);
+ */
+ att.rollspeed = gyro[0];
+ att.pitchspeed = gyro[1];
+ att.yawspeed = gyro[2];
+
+ att.rollacc = 0;
+ att.pitchacc = 0;
+ att.yawacc = 0;
+
+ /* TODO: Bias estimation required */
+ memcpy(&att.rate_offsets, &(gyro_bias), sizeof(att.rate_offsets));
+
+ /* copy rotation matrix */
+ memcpy(&att.R, Rot_matrix, sizeof(float)*9);
+ att.R_valid = true;
+
+ // Publish
+ if (att_pub > 0) {
+ orb_publish(ORB_ID(vehicle_attitude), att_pub, &att);
+ } else {
+ warnx("NaN in roll/pitch/yaw estimate!");
+ orb_advertise(ORB_ID(vehicle_attitude), &att);
+ }
+
+ perf_end(so3_comp_loop_perf);
+ }
+ }
+ }
+
+ loopcounter++;
+ }
+
+ thread_running = false;
+
+ return 0;
+}