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-/****************************************************************************
- *
- * Copyright (C) 2008-2012 PX4 Development Team. All rights reserved.
- * Author: Tobias Naegeli <naegelit@student.ethz.ch>
- * Thomas Gubler <thomasgubler@student.ethz.ch>
- * Julian Oes <joes@student.ethz.ch>
- * Lorenz Meier <lm@inf.ethz.ch>
- *
- * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
- * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
- * are met:
- *
- * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
- * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
- * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
- * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in
- * the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
- * distribution.
- * 3. Neither the name PX4 nor the names of its contributors may be
- * used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
- * without specific prior written permission.
- *
- * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
- * "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
- * LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS
- * FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
- * COPYRIGHT OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
- * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING,
- * BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS
- * OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED
- * AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
- * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN
- * ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
- * POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
- *
- ****************************************************************************/
-
-/**
- * @file position_estimator_main.c
- * Model-identification based position estimator for multirotors
- */
-
-#include <nuttx/config.h>
-#include <unistd.h>
-#include <stdlib.h>
-#include <stdio.h>
-#include <stdbool.h>
-#include <fcntl.h>
-#include <float.h>
-#include <nuttx/sched.h>
-#include <sys/prctl.h>
-#include <termios.h>
-#include <errno.h>
-#include <limits.h>
-#include <math.h>
-#include <uORB/uORB.h>
-#include <uORB/topics/vehicle_status.h>
-#include <uORB/topics/vehicle_attitude.h>
-#include <uORB/topics/vehicle_gps_position.h>
-#include <uORB/topics/vehicle_global_position.h>
-#include <uORB/topics/vehicle_local_position.h>
-#include <poll.h>
-
-#define N_STATES 6
-#define ERROR_COVARIANCE_INIT 3
-#define R_EARTH 6371000.0
-
-#define PROJECTION_INITIALIZE_COUNTER_LIMIT 5000
-#define REPROJECTION_COUNTER_LIMIT 125
-
-__EXPORT int position_estimator_main(int argc, char *argv[]);
-
-static uint16_t position_estimator_counter_position_information;
-
-/* values for map projection */
-static double phi_1;
-static double sin_phi_1;
-static double cos_phi_1;
-static double lambda_0;
-static double scale;
-
-/**
- * Initializes the map transformation.
- *
- * Initializes the transformation between the geographic coordinate system and the azimuthal equidistant plane
- * @param lat in degrees (47.1234567°, not 471234567°)
- * @param lon in degrees (8.1234567°, not 81234567°)
- */
-static void map_projection_init(double lat_0, double lon_0) //lat_0, lon_0 are expected to be in correct format: -> 47.1234567 and not 471234567
-{
- /* notation and formulas according to: http://mathworld.wolfram.com/AzimuthalEquidistantProjection.html */
- phi_1 = lat_0 / 180.0 * M_PI;
- lambda_0 = lon_0 / 180.0 * M_PI;
-
- sin_phi_1 = sin(phi_1);
- cos_phi_1 = cos(phi_1);
-
- /* calculate local scale by using the relation of true distance and the distance on plane */ //TODO: this is a quick solution, there are probably easier ways to determine the scale
-
- /* 1) calculate true distance d on sphere to a point: http://www.movable-type.co.uk/scripts/latlong.html */
- const double r_earth = 6371000;
-
- double lat1 = phi_1;
- double lon1 = lambda_0;
-
- double lat2 = phi_1 + 0.5 / 180 * M_PI;
- double lon2 = lambda_0 + 0.5 / 180 * M_PI;
- double sin_lat_2 = sin(lat2);
- double cos_lat_2 = cos(lat2);
- double d = acos(sin(lat1) * sin_lat_2 + cos(lat1) * cos_lat_2 * cos(lon2 - lon1)) * r_earth;
-
- /* 2) calculate distance rho on plane */
- double k_bar = 0;
- double c = acos(sin_phi_1 * sin_lat_2 + cos_phi_1 * cos_lat_2 * cos(lon2 - lambda_0));
-
- if (0 != c)
- k_bar = c / sin(c);
-
- double x2 = k_bar * (cos_lat_2 * sin(lon2 - lambda_0)); //Projection of point 2 on plane
- double y2 = k_bar * ((cos_phi_1 * sin_lat_2 - sin_phi_1 * cos_lat_2 * cos(lon2 - lambda_0)));
- double rho = sqrt(pow(x2, 2) + pow(y2, 2));
-
- scale = d / rho;
-
-}
-
-/**
- * Transforms a point in the geographic coordinate system to the local azimuthal equidistant plane
- * @param x north
- * @param y east
- * @param lat in degrees (47.1234567°, not 471234567°)
- * @param lon in degrees (8.1234567°, not 81234567°)
- */
-static void map_projection_project(double lat, double lon, float *x, float *y)
-{
- /* notation and formulas accoring to: http://mathworld.wolfram.com/AzimuthalEquidistantProjection.html */
- double phi = lat / 180.0 * M_PI;
- double lambda = lon / 180.0 * M_PI;
-
- double sin_phi = sin(phi);
- double cos_phi = cos(phi);
-
- double k_bar = 0;
- /* using small angle approximation (formula in comment is without aproximation) */
- double c = acos(sin_phi_1 * sin_phi + cos_phi_1 * cos_phi * (1 - pow((lambda - lambda_0), 2) / 2)); //double c = acos( sin_phi_1 * sin_phi + cos_phi_1 * cos_phi * cos(lambda - lambda_0) );
-
- if (0 != c)
- k_bar = c / sin(c);
-
- /* using small angle approximation (formula in comment is without aproximation) */
- *y = k_bar * (cos_phi * (lambda - lambda_0)) * scale;//*y = k_bar * (cos_phi * sin(lambda - lambda_0)) * scale;
- *x = k_bar * ((cos_phi_1 * sin_phi - sin_phi_1 * cos_phi * (1 - pow((lambda - lambda_0), 2) / 2))) * scale; // *x = k_bar * ((cos_phi_1 * sin_phi - sin_phi_1 * cos_phi * cos(lambda - lambda_0))) * scale;
-
-// printf("%phi_1=%.10f, lambda_0 =%.10f\n", phi_1, lambda_0);
-}
-
-/**
- * Transforms a point in the local azimuthal equidistant plane to the geographic coordinate system
- *
- * @param x north
- * @param y east
- * @param lat in degrees (47.1234567°, not 471234567°)
- * @param lon in degrees (8.1234567°, not 81234567°)
- */
-static void map_projection_reproject(float x, float y, double *lat, double *lon)
-{
- /* notation and formulas accoring to: http://mathworld.wolfram.com/AzimuthalEquidistantProjection.html */
-
- double x_descaled = x / scale;
- double y_descaled = y / scale;
-
- double c = sqrt(pow(x_descaled, 2) + pow(y_descaled, 2));
- double sin_c = sin(c);
- double cos_c = cos(c);
-
- double lat_sphere = 0;
-
- if (c != 0)
- lat_sphere = asin(cos_c * sin_phi_1 + (x_descaled * sin_c * cos_phi_1) / c);
- else
- lat_sphere = asin(cos_c * sin_phi_1);
-
-// printf("lat_sphere = %.10f\n",lat_sphere);
-
- double lon_sphere = 0;
-
- if (phi_1 == M_PI / 2) {
- //using small angle approximation (formula in comment is without aproximation)
- lon_sphere = (lambda_0 - y_descaled / x_descaled); //lon_sphere = (lambda_0 + atan2(-y_descaled, x_descaled));
-
- } else if (phi_1 == -M_PI / 2) {
- //using small angle approximation (formula in comment is without aproximation)
- lon_sphere = (lambda_0 + y_descaled / x_descaled); //lon_sphere = (lambda_0 + atan2(y_descaled, x_descaled));
-
- } else {
-
- lon_sphere = (lambda_0 + atan2(y_descaled * sin_c , c * cos_phi_1 * cos_c - x_descaled * sin_phi_1 * sin_c));
- //using small angle approximation
-// double denominator = (c * cos_phi_1 * cos_c - x_descaled * sin_phi_1 * sin_c);
-// if(denominator != 0)
-// {
-// lon_sphere = (lambda_0 + (y_descaled * sin_c) / denominator);
-// }
-// else
-// {
-// ...
-// }
- }
-
-// printf("lon_sphere = %.10f\n",lon_sphere);
-
- *lat = lat_sphere * 180.0 / M_PI;
- *lon = lon_sphere * 180.0 / M_PI;
-
-}
-
-/****************************************************************************
- * main
- ****************************************************************************/
-
-int position_estimator_main(int argc, char *argv[])
-{
-
- /* welcome user */
- printf("[multirotor position_estimator] started\n");
-
- /* initialize values */
- static float u[2] = {0, 0};
- static float z[3] = {0, 0, 0};
- static float xapo[N_STATES] = {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0};
- static float Papo[N_STATES * N_STATES] = {ERROR_COVARIANCE_INIT, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
- ERROR_COVARIANCE_INIT, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
- ERROR_COVARIANCE_INIT, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
- ERROR_COVARIANCE_INIT, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
- ERROR_COVARIANCE_INIT, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
- ERROR_COVARIANCE_INIT, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0
- };
-
- static float xapo1[N_STATES];
- static float Papo1[36];
-
- static float gps_covariance[3] = {0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f};
-
- static uint16_t counter = 0;
- position_estimator_counter_position_information = 0;
-
- uint8_t predict_only = 1;
-
- bool gps_valid = false;
-
- bool new_initialization = true;
-
- static double lat_current = 0.0d;//[°]] --> 47.0
- static double lon_current = 0.0d; //[°]] -->8.5
- float alt_current = 0.0f;
-
-
- //TODO: handle flight without gps but with estimator
-
- /* subscribe to vehicle status, attitude, gps */
- struct vehicle_gps_position_s gps;
- gps.fix_type = 0;
- struct vehicle_status_s vstatus;
- struct vehicle_attitude_s att;
-
- int vehicle_gps_sub = orb_subscribe(ORB_ID(vehicle_gps_position));
- int vehicle_status_sub = orb_subscribe(ORB_ID(vehicle_status));
-
- /* subscribe to attitude at 100 Hz */
- int vehicle_attitude_sub = orb_subscribe(ORB_ID(vehicle_attitude));
-
- /* wait until gps signal turns valid, only then can we initialize the projection */
- while (gps.fix_type < 3) {
- struct pollfd fds[1] = { {.fd = vehicle_gps_sub, .events = POLLIN} };
-
- /* wait for GPS updates, BUT READ VEHICLE STATUS (!)
- * this choice is critical, since the vehicle status might not
- * actually change, if this app is started after GPS lock was
- * aquired.
- */
- if (poll(fds, 1, 5000)) {
- /* Wait for the GPS update to propagate (we have some time) */
- usleep(5000);
- /* Read wether the vehicle status changed */
- orb_copy(ORB_ID(vehicle_gps_position), vehicle_gps_sub, &gps);
- gps_valid = (gps.fix_type > 2);
- }
- }
-
- /* get gps value for first initialization */
- orb_copy(ORB_ID(vehicle_gps_position), vehicle_gps_sub, &gps);
- lat_current = ((double)(gps.lat)) * 1e-7;
- lon_current = ((double)(gps.lon)) * 1e-7;
- alt_current = gps.alt * 1e-3;
-
- /* initialize coordinates */
- map_projection_init(lat_current, lon_current);
-
- /* publish global position messages only after first GPS message */
- struct vehicle_local_position_s local_pos = {
- .x = 0,
- .y = 0,
- .z = 0
- };
- orb_advert_t local_pos_pub = orb_advertise(ORB_ID(vehicle_local_position), &local_pos);
-
- printf("[multirotor position estimator] initialized projection with: lat: %.10f, lon:%.10f\n", lat_current, lon_current);
-
- while (1) {
-
- /*This runs at the rate of the sensors, if we have also a new gps update this is used in the position_estimator function */
- struct pollfd fds[1] = { {.fd = vehicle_attitude_sub, .events = POLLIN} };
-
- if (poll(fds, 1, 5000) <= 0) {
- /* error / timeout */
- } else {
-
- orb_copy(ORB_ID(vehicle_attitude), vehicle_attitude_sub, &att);
- /* got attitude, updating pos as well */
- orb_copy(ORB_ID(vehicle_gps_position), vehicle_gps_sub, &gps);
- orb_copy(ORB_ID(vehicle_status), vehicle_status_sub, &vstatus);
-
- /*copy attitude */
- u[0] = att.roll;
- u[1] = att.pitch;
-
- /* initialize map projection with the last estimate (not at full rate) */
- if (gps.fix_type > 2) {
- /* Project gps lat lon (Geographic coordinate system) to plane*/
- map_projection_project(((double)(gps.lat)) * 1e-7, ((double)(gps.lon)) * 1e-7, &(z[0]), &(z[1]));
-
- local_pos.x = z[0];
- local_pos.y = z[1];
- /* negative offset from initialization altitude */
- local_pos.z = alt_current - (gps.alt) * 1e-3;
-
-
- orb_publish(ORB_ID(vehicle_local_position), local_pos_pub, &local_pos);
- }
-
-
- // gps_covariance[0] = gps.eph; //TODO: needs scaling
- // gps_covariance[1] = gps.eph;
- // gps_covariance[2] = gps.epv;
-
- // } else {
- // /* we can not use the gps signal (it is of low quality) */
- // predict_only = 1;
- // }
-
- // // predict_only = 0; //TODO: only for testing, removeme, XXX
- // // z[0] = sinf(((float)counter)/180.0f*3.14159265f); //TODO: only for testing, removeme, XXX
- // // usleep(100000); //TODO: only for testing, removeme, XXX
-
-
- // /*Get new estimation (this is calculated in the plane) */
- // //TODO: if new_initialization == true: use 0,0,0, else use xapo
- // if (true == new_initialization) { //TODO,XXX: uncomment!
- // xapo[0] = 0; //we have a new plane initialization. the current estimate is in the center of the plane
- // xapo[2] = 0;
- // xapo[4] = 0;
- // position_estimator(u, z, xapo, Papo, gps_covariance, predict_only, xapo1, Papo1);
-
- // } else {
- // position_estimator(u, z, xapo, Papo, gps_covariance, predict_only, xapo1, Papo1);
- // }
-
-
-
- // /* Copy values from xapo1 to xapo */
- // int i;
-
- // for (i = 0; i < N_STATES; i++) {
- // xapo[i] = xapo1[i];
- // }
-
- // if ((counter % REPROJECTION_COUNTER_LIMIT == 0) || (counter % (PROJECTION_INITIALIZE_COUNTER_LIMIT - 1) == 0)) {
- // /* Reproject from plane to geographic coordinate system */
- // // map_projection_reproject(xapo1[0], xapo1[2], map_scale, phi_1, lambda_0, &lat_current, &lon_current) //TODO,XXX: uncomment!
- // map_projection_reproject(z[0], z[1], &lat_current, &lon_current); //do not use estimator for projection testing, removeme
- // // //DEBUG
- // // if(counter%500 == 0)
- // // {
- // // printf("phi_1: %.10f\n", phi_1);
- // // printf("lambda_0: %.10f\n", lambda_0);
- // // printf("lat_estimated: %.10f\n", lat_current);
- // // printf("lon_estimated: %.10f\n", lon_current);
- // // printf("z[0]=%.10f, z[1]=%.10f, z[2]=%f\n", z[0], z[1], z[2]);
- // // fflush(stdout);
- // //
- // // }
-
- // // if(!isnan(lat_current) && !isnan(lon_current))// && !isnan(xapo1[4]) && !isnan(xapo1[1]) && !isnan(xapo1[3]) && !isnan(xapo1[5]))
- // // {
- // /* send out */
-
- // global_pos.lat = lat_current;
- // global_pos.lon = lon_current;
- // global_pos.alt = xapo1[4];
- // global_pos.vx = xapo1[1];
- // global_pos.vy = xapo1[3];
- // global_pos.vz = xapo1[5];
-
- /* publish current estimate */
- // orb_publish(ORB_ID(vehicle_global_position), global_pos_pub, &global_pos);
- // }
- // else
- // {
- // printf("[position estimator] ERROR: nan values, lat_current=%.4f, lon_current=%.4f, z[0]=%.4f z[1]=%.4f\n", lat_current, lon_current, z[0], z[1]);
- // fflush(stdout);
- // }
-
- // }
-
- counter++;
- }
-
- }
-
- return 0;
-}
-
-