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author | patacongo <patacongo@42af7a65-404d-4744-a932-0658087f49c3> | 2008-01-05 13:43:03 +0000 |
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committer | patacongo <patacongo@42af7a65-404d-4744-a932-0658087f49c3> | 2008-01-05 13:43:03 +0000 |
commit | 5a1b9567757d690d771fe673ef68b636377b2e4d (patch) | |
tree | 888da3f6c61e1d15d7ce9c4d70ef486b9c5962e3 /misc/pascal | |
parent | ea5a4459fed6183b40b3d8902c09911f6ee78eb4 (diff) | |
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Documentation
git-svn-id: svn://svn.code.sf.net/p/nuttx/code/trunk@491 42af7a65-404d-4744-a932-0658087f49c3
Diffstat (limited to 'misc/pascal')
-rw-r--r-- | misc/pascal/doc/PascalGrammar.txt | 455 | ||||
-rw-r--r-- | misc/pascal/doc/PascalNotes.txt | 135 |
2 files changed, 590 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/misc/pascal/doc/PascalGrammar.txt b/misc/pascal/doc/PascalGrammar.txt new file mode 100644 index 000000000..8049f536f --- /dev/null +++ b/misc/pascal/doc/PascalGrammar.txt @@ -0,0 +1,455 @@ +PASCAL GRAMMAR: +The start symbol for this grammar is pascal. + + actual-parameter = expression | variable-access | + procedure-identifier | function-identifier + + actual-parameter-list = '(' actual-parameter { ',' actual-parameter } ')' + + adding-operator = '+' | '-' | 'or' | 'or_else' | 'xor' + + array-type = 'array' '[' index-type-list ']' 'of' type-denoter + + array-variable = variable-access + + assignment-statement = assignment-statement-lhs ':=' expression + + assignment-statement-lhs = variable-access | function-identifier | property-designator + + binary-digit = '0' | '1' + + binary-digit-sequence = binary-digit { binary-digit } + + binary-integer = '%' binary-digit-sequence + + block = declaration-group compound-statement + + boolean-expression = expression + + buffer-variable = file-variable '^' | file-variable '@' + + c-string-type = 'cstring' [ max-string-length ] + + case-body = case-list-elements [ [ ';' ] case-statement-completer ] | + case-statement-completer + + case-constant = ordinal-constant + + case-constant-list = case-specifier { ',' case-specifier } + + case-index = ordinal-expression + + case-list-element = case-constant-list ':' statement + + case-list-elements = case-list-element { ';' case-list-element } + + case-specifier = case-constant [ '..' case-constant ] + + case-statement = 'case' case-index case-body [ ';' ] 'end' + + case-statement-completer = ( 'otherwise' | 'else' ) statement-sequence + + character-code = digit-sequence + + character-literal = ''' string-element-one ''' | + '"' string-element-two '"' | + '#' character-code + + component-variable = indexed-variable | field-designator + + compound-statement = 'begin' statement-sequence 'end' + + conditional-statement = if-statement | case-statement + + constant = [ sign ] integer-number | + [ sign ] real-number | + [ sign ] constant-identifier | + character-literal | + string-literal + + constant-definition = identifier '=' constant + + constant-definition-group = 'const' constant-definition ';' { constant-definition ';' } + + constant-identifier = identifier + + control-variable = entire-variable + + decimal-integer = digit-sequence + + declaration-group = + label-declaration-group | + constant-definition-group | + type-definition-group | + variable-declaration-group | + function-declaration | + procedure-declaration + + digit = '0' | '1' | '2' | '3' | '4' | '5' | '6' | '7' | '8' | '9' + + digit-sequence = digit { digit } + + directive = forward-directive | external-directive + + dllname = string-literal + + domain-type = type-identifier + + else-part = 'else' statement + + empty-statement = + + empty-string = '''' | '""' + + entire-variable = variable-identifier + + enumerated-constant = identifier + + enumerated-constant-list = enumerated-constant { ',' enumerated-constant } + + enumerated-type = '(' enumerated-constant-list ')' + + exponent = 'e' | 'E' + + exported-heading = procedure-heading ';' [ directive ] | function-heading ';' [ directive ] + + expression = shift-expression [ relational-operator shift-expression ] + + external-directive = 'external' 'dll' '=' dllname [ 'name' '=' name ] [ 'stdcall' | 'cdecl' ] + + factor = [ sign ] unsigned-constant | + [ sign ] variable-access | + [ sign ] '(' expression ')' | + [ sign ] function-designator | + [ sign ] function-method-designator | + [ sign ] 'not' factor | + set-constructor + + field-designator = record-variable '.' field-specifier | field-designator-identifier + + field-designator-identifier = identifier + + field-identifier = identifier + + field-list = [ + fixed-part [ ';' ] variant-part [ ';' ] | + fixed-part [ ';' ] | + variant-part [ ';' ] | + ] + + field-specifier = field-identifier + + file-type = 'file' 'of' type-denoter + + file-variable = variable-access + + final-value = ordinal-expression + + fixed-part = record-section { ';' record-section } + + for-statement = 'for' control-variable ':=' initial-value ( 'to' | 'downto' ) final-value + 'do' statement + + formal-parameter-list = '(' formal-parameter-section { ';' formal-parameter-section } ')' + + formal-parameter-section = value-parameter-specification | + variable-parameter-specification | + procedure-parameter-specification | + function-parameter-specification + + forward-directive = 'forward' + + function-block = block + + function-declaration = + function-heading ';' directive | + function-heading ';' function-block + + function-designator = function-identifier [ actual-parameter-list ] + + function-heading = 'function' function-identifier [ formal-parameter-list ] ':' result-type + + function-identifier = identifier + + function-method-designator = object-variable '.' function-method-identifier [ actual-parameter-list ] + + function-method-identifier = identifier + + function-parameter-specification = function-heading + + goto-statement = 'goto' label + + hex-digit = digit | 'a' | 'b' | 'c' | 'd' | 'e' | 'f' + + hex-digit-sequence = hex-digit { hex-digit } + + hexadecimal-integer = '$' hex-digit-sequence + + identified-variable = pointer-variable '^' | pointer-variable '@' + + identifier = letter { letter | digit } + + identifier-list = identifier { ',' identifier } + + if-statement = 'if' boolean-expression 'then' statement [ else-part ] + + implementation-section = 'implementation' [ uses-section ] declaration-group + + index-expression = expression + + index-type = ordinal-type + + index-type-list = index-type { ',' index-type } + + indexed-variable = indexed-variable-array | indexed-variable-string + + indexed-variable-array = array-variable '[' index-expression { ',' index-expression } ']' + + indexed-variable-string = string-variable '[' integral-expression ']' + + initial-value = ordinal-expression + + init-section = 'initialization statement-sequence + ['finalization' statement-sequence] 'end' | + compound-statement | 'end' + + integer-number = decimal-integer | hexadecimal-integer | binary-integer + + integral-constant = constant + + integral-expression = expression + + interface-declaration = [ constant-definition-group ] + [ type-definition-group ] [ variable-declaration-group ] + exported-heading + + interface-section = 'interface' [ uses-section ] interface-declaration + + label = digit-sequence | identifier + + label-declaration-group = 'label' label { ',' label } ';' + + letter = 'a' | 'b' | 'c' | 'd' | 'e' | 'f' | 'g' | 'h' | 'i' | 'j' | + 'k' | 'l' | 'm' | 'n' | 'o' | 'p' | 'q' | 'r' | 's' | 't' | + 'u' | 'v' | 'w' | 'x' | 'y' | 'z' | + '_' + + list-type = 'list' 'of' type-denoter + + list-variable = variable-access + + max-string-length = '[' integral-constant ']' | '(' integral-constant ')' + + member-designator = ordinal-expression [ '..' ordinal-expression ] + + multiplying-operator = '*' | '/' | 'div' | 'mod' | 'and' | 'and_then' + + name = identifier + + new-complex-type = new-structured-type | new-pointer-type + + new-ordinal-type = enumerated-type | subrange-type + + new-pointer-type = '^' domain-type | '@' domain-type + + new-structured-type = + [ 'packed' ] array-type | + [ 'packed' ] record-type | + [ 'packed' ] set-type | + [ 'packed' ] file-type | + [ 'packed' ] list-type | + object-type | + string-type + + new-type = new-ordinal-type | new-complex-type + + non-empty-string = + ''' string-element-one string-element-one { string-element-one } ''' | + '"' string-element-two string-element-two { string-element-two } '"' + + object-type = 'object' | 'class' + + object-variable = variable-access + + ordinal-constant = constant + + ordinal-expression = expression + + ordinal-type = new-ordinal-type | ordinal-type-identifier + + ordinal-type-identifier = identifier + + pascal = program | unit + + pascal-string-type = 'string' [ max-string-length ] + + pointer-variable = variable-access + + printable-character = any character (including a space) that has a visual representation. + + procedure-block = block + + procedure-declaration = + procedure-heading ';' directive | + procedure-heading ';' procedure-block + + procedure-heading = 'procedure' procedure-identifier + [ formal-parameter-list ] + + procedure-identifier = identifier + + procedure-method-identifier = identifier + + procedure-method-specifier = object-variable '.' procedure-method-identifier + + procedure-method-statement = procedure-method-specifier [ actual-parameter-list ] + + procedure-parameter-specification = procedure-heading + + procedure-statement = procedure-identifier ( + [ actual-parameter-list ] | + read-parameter-list | readln-parameter-list | + write-parameter-list | writeln-parameter-list + ) + + program = program-heading ';' [ uses-section ] block '.' + + program-heading = 'program' identifier [ '(' identifier-list ')' ] + + property-designator = object-variable '.' property-specifier + + property-identifier = identifier + + property-specifier = property-identifier | '(' property-string ')' + + property-string = string-expression + + read-parameter-list = '(' [ file-variable ',' ] variable-access { ',' variable-access } ')' + + readln-parameter-list = [ '(' ( file-variable | variable-access ) { ',' variable-access } ')' ] + + real-number = + digit-sequence '.' [digit-sequence] [ exponent scale-factor ] | + '.' digit-sequence [ exponent scale-factor ] | + digit-sequence exponent scale-factor + + record-section = identifier-list ':' type-denoter + + record-type = 'record' field-list 'end' + + record-variable = variable-access + + record-variable-list = record-variable { ';' record-variable } + + relational-operator = '=' | '<>' | '<' | '<=' | '>' | '>=' | 'in' + + repeat-statement = 'repeat' statement-sequence 'until' boolean-expression + + repetitive-statement = repeat-statement | while-statement | for-statement + + result-type = type-identifier + + scale-factor = [ sign ] digit-sequence + + selected-variable = list-variable '[' index-expression { ',' index-expression } ']' + + set-constructor = '[' [ member-designator { ',' member-designator } ] ']' + + set-type = 'set' 'of' ordinal-type + + shift-expression = simple-expression [ shift-operator simple-expression ] + + shift-operator = 'shl' | 'shr' + + sign = '-' | '+' + + simple-expression = term { adding-operator term } + + simple-statement = empty-statement | assignment-statement | + procedure-statement | procedure-method-statement | + goto-statement + + statement = [ label ':' ] ( simple-statement | structured-statement ) + + statement-sequence = statement { ';' statement } + + string-element-one = '''' | printable-character + + string-element-two = '""' | printable-character + + string-expression = expression + + string-literal = empty-string | non-empty-string + + string-type = pascal-string-type | c-string-type + + string-variable = variable-access + + structured-statement = compound-statement | + conditional-statement | + repetitive-statement | + with-statement + + subrange-type = constant '..' constant + + term = factor { multiplying-operator factor } + + type-definition = identifier '=' type-denoter + + type-definition-group = 'type' type-definition ';' { type-definition ';' } + + type-denoter = type-identifier | new-type + + type-identifier = identifier + + unit = 'unit' identifer ';' interface-section implementation-section + init-section '.' + + unit-import = identifier ['in' non-empty-string ] + + unit = unit-heading ';' interface-section implementation-section init-section + + unit-heading = 'unit' identifer + + unsigned-constant = integer-number | real-number | + character-literal | string-literal | constant-identifier | + 'nil' + + uses-section = 'uses' [ uses-unit-list ] ';' + + uses-unit-list = unit-import {';' uses-unit-list } + + value-parameter-specification = identifier-list ':' type-identifier + + variable-access = entire-variable | component-variable | identified-variable | + selected-variable | buffer-variable + + variable-declaration = identifier-list ':' type-denoter + + variable-declaration-group = 'var' variable-declaration { ';' variable-declaration } + + variable-identifier = identifier + + variable-parameter-specification = 'var' identifier-list ':' type-identifier + + variant = case-constant-list ':' '(' field-list ')' + + variant-body = variant-list [ [ ';' ] variant-part-completer ] | variant-part-completer + + variant-list = variant { ';' variant } + + variant-part = 'case' variant-selector 'of' variant-body + + variant-part-completer = ( 'otherwise' | 'else' ) ( field-list ) + + variant-selector = [ identifier ':' ] ordinal-type-identifer + + while-statement = 'while' boolean-expression 'do' statement + + with-statement = 'with' record-variable-list 'do' statement + + write-parameter = expression [ ':' expression [ ':' expression ] ] + + write-parameter-list = '(' [ file-variable ',' ] write-parameter { ',' write-parameter } ')' + + writeln-parameter-list = [ '(' ( file-variable | write-parameter ) { ',' write-parameter } ')' ] diff --git a/misc/pascal/doc/PascalNotes.txt b/misc/pascal/doc/PascalNotes.txt new file mode 100644 index 000000000..360986c59 --- /dev/null +++ b/misc/pascal/doc/PascalNotes.txt @@ -0,0 +1,135 @@ + AS OF 1/18/04
+
+TYPES
+- Only types INT, BOOLEAN, CHAR, REAL, SCALAR, SUBRANGE, RECORD and SET
+ implemented
+ - No PACKED types (actually, types are always packed).
+ - FILE OF and TEXT types partially supported
+ - Not supported in TYPE block
+ - TEXT is defined as FILE OF CHAR vs PACKED FILE OF CHAR
+ - No function returning FILE OF; No FILE OF
+ procedure/function arguments
+ - Only PROGRAM arguments can be declared type FILE OF
+ - Only one file identifier per FILE OF declaration in type
+ block.
+ - SET is limit to 16/32 (# bits in int) adjacent elements
+ - Expressions are not strongly typed across different SCALAR types
+ (see exprEnum in expr.h)
+ - In RECORD CASE, there is no verification that the type of the tag
+ is consistent with a case selector; the is check if the case selector
+ constants are of the same type as the tag type identifier.
+
+- No range checks on array indices
+- Pointers
+ - Can't pass pointers as VAR parameters
+ - No pointer functions ??
+ - No pointers to pointers
+
+STATEMENTS
+- The following statements not implemented:
+ - No PROCEDURE call with PROCEDUREs or FUNCTIONs as parameters
+- The following statements are only partially implemented
+ - WITH statements cannot be nested.
+ - Cannot reference "up the chain" in WITH statements. Eg.
+ suppose RECORD "a" contains RECORD "b" which contains "c" and
+ that RECORD "a" also contains "d" so that we could write
+ a.b.c OR a.d
+ Then the following should work but is not yet supported:
+ WITH a DO
+ BEGIN
+ WITH b DO
+ BEGIN
+ c := ..
+ d := .. <== SHOULD WORK!!!
+ - GOTO only partially implemented -- no stack corrections
+ for GOTOs between loops, blocks, etc. Use is DANGEROUS.
+
+STANDARD PROCEDURES and FUNCTIONS
+- The following statement procedures/functions not implemented:
+ - GET, PUT, PACK, UNPACK, NEW
+ - TBD
+- No fieldwidth colon operator on WRITE arguments
+
+Extended Pascal Features
+- Type STRING is partially implemented.
+- PACKED ARRAY[..] OF CHAR is not a a string.
+
+NON-standard Pascal extensions/differences
+
+TYPES
+- ARRAY index type is integer constant specifying size of array
+- Hexadecimal constants.
+- INPUT and OUTPUT parameters in PROGRAM statement are
+ predeclared and optional.
+
+OPERATORS
+- Binary shift operators -- << and >> like in C
+- '#', "<>", and "><" are all equivalent
+
+COMPILER PSEUDO-OPERATIONS
+- INCLUDE
+
+STATEMENTS
+- CASE statement expects integer expression for the switch
+ variable
+- ELSE in CASE statement
+
+EXPRESSIONS
+
+- Assumes sizeof(pointer) == sizeof(integer)
+
+TODO LIST
+
+o BUGS
+- Implement PUT and GET.
+- In FUNC/PROC calls, if simpleExpression fails to find a parameter (eg.,
+ proc (,,), no error is detected.
+- Type FILE OF is totally busted -- fix it
+- Need to get max string size into stack somehow. Runtime routines like
+ strcat and strcatc need to know how big the string storage space is.
+- Need logic to release string stack used by actual parameters after
+ function/procedure call.
+- Can't declare new parameters / variables with same name as another
+ variable at higher stock. Tokenizer does not return tIDENT.
+- There are lots of cases where the string stack is not being managed
+ correctly (e.g., usesSection()).
+- Redirection of input and output is not supported (e.g. see setting of
+ input and output in CONST section of pageutils.pas).
+
+o IMPROVEMENTS
+- In PTKN, verify that string stack does not overflow when
+ character added.
+- Option to turn on listing
+- Option to interleave assembly language with listing
+- Option to select string stack size (or let it grow dynamically)
+- Option to select symbol table size (or let it grow dynamically)
+- List file should only be produced if option provided.
+- Provide instrumentation to use the line number data in the
+ object files. In debugger, display source line. Allow stepping
+ from source line to source line.
+- Optimizer needs to be incorporated into compiler.
+- arrayIndex needs to conform with Pascal standard.
+- Need to have 32-bit integers and address
+- Translation to register model
+- Native code translator
+- Linker and support multiple source files
+- Runtime package
+- Full extended pascal string support
+- Other things from extended pascal: 'list of' 'uses' 'unit'
+- Need to optimize out JMP .+1
+- For compatibility, let 'packed array [n..m] of char;' be equivalent to
+ string.
+- Need to review all uses of string stack for identifiers and strings
+ that get discarded. Probably should get a get infrastructure.
+- Add 16-bit word type
+
+o ISSUES
+- What happens in TYPE block if type is sTYPE or sFILE_OF? Need
+ to re-think all typing. Maybe replace sTYPE and sFILE_OF with
+ sINT_TYPE, sINT_ARRAY_TYPE, ..., sFILE_OF_INT,
+ sFILE_OF_INT_ARRAY, etc.
+- Is it really necessary or meaningful to allocate dstack for
+ file buffers.
+- Revisit procedure call logic in pexec.c & pdbg.c. First stack parameter
+ is calculated but never used.
+- Decide what to do about type filename in tests/src/cgimail.pas
|