SI-7688 Fix AsSeenFrom of ThisType from TypeVar prefix

Restores behaviour for the AsSeenFrom before the refactoring
in b457b6c477.

This commit uniformly considered that a `TypeVar` prefix should not
`matchesPrefixAndClass`; a condition that formerly was only applied
if the type being viewed was a `TypeRef`. This condition was
originally added in cc9e8eda3364d as a backstop for pos/t2797.scala.

This commit leaves that backstop in place where it was, although it
expresses it more directly by checking if `pre baseType clazz` is
`NoType`, which was the case that cropped up in SI-2797:

    scala> type T = bc._1.type forSome { val bc: (AnyRef, AnyRef) }
    warning: there were 1 feature warning(s); re-run with -feature for details
    defined type alias T

    scala> val et = typeOf[T].dealias.asInstanceOf[ExistentialType]
    et: $r.intp.global.ExistentialType = bc._1.type forSome { val bc: (AnyRef, AnyRef) }

    scala> et.withTypeVars( { x =>
         |   println(x.prefix.typeSymbol)
         |   println(x.prefix.typeSymbol.isSubClass(typeOf[Tuple2[_, _]].typeSymbol))
         |   println(x.prefix.baseType(typeOf[Tuple2[_, _]].typeSymbol))
         |   true
         | } , reflect.internal.Depth(0))
    type bc.type
    true
    <notype>
    res98: Boolean = true

1 files changed, 7 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/test/files/pos/t7688.scala b/test/files/pos/t7688.scala
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..5a846b97e9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/files/pos/t7688.scala
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+import scala.reflect.macros._
+
+class A[C <: Context with Singleton](position: C#Position)
+
+object A {
+  def apply(c: Context)(in: c.Tree): A[c.type] = new A(in.pos)
+}