[SPARK-14473][SQL] Define analysis rules to catch operations not supported in streaming

## What changes were proposed in this pull request?

There are many operations that are currently not supported in the streaming execution. For example:
 - joining two streams
 - unioning a stream and a batch source
 - sorting
 - window functions (not time windows)
 - distinct aggregates

Furthermore, executing a query with a stream source as a batch query should also fail.

This patch add an additional step after analysis in the QueryExecution which will check that all the operations in the analyzed logical plan is supported or not.

## How was this patch tested?
unit tests.

Author: Tathagata Das <tathagata.das1565@gmail.com>

Closes #12246 from tdas/SPARK-14473.

16 files changed, 685 insertions, 12 deletions

diff --git a/sql/catalyst/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/catalyst/analysis/OutputMode.scala b/sql/catalyst/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/catalyst/analysis/OutputMode.scala
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..a4d387eae3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sql/catalyst/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/catalyst/analysis/OutputMode.scala
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.analysis
+
+sealed trait OutputMode
+
+case object Append extends OutputMode
+case object Update extends OutputMode
diff --git a/sql/catalyst/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/catalyst/analysis/UnsupportedOperationChecker.scala b/sql/catalyst/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/catalyst/analysis/UnsupportedOperationChecker.scala
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..aadc1d31bd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sql/catalyst/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/catalyst/analysis/UnsupportedOperationChecker.scala
@@ -0,0 +1,145 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.analysis
+
+import org.apache.spark.sql.AnalysisException
+import org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.plans._
+import org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.plans.logical._
+
+/**
+ * Analyzes the presence of unsupported operations in a logical plan.
+ */
+object UnsupportedOperationChecker {
+
+  def checkForBatch(plan: LogicalPlan): Unit = {
+    plan.foreachUp {
+      case p if p.isStreaming =>
+        throwError(
+          "Queries with streaming sources must be executed with write.startStream()")(p)
+
+      case _ =>
+    }
+  }
+
+  def checkForStreaming(plan: LogicalPlan, outputMode: OutputMode): Unit = {
+
+    if (!plan.isStreaming) {
+      throwError(
+        "Queries without streaming sources cannot be executed with write.startStream()")(plan)
+    }
+
+    plan.foreachUp { implicit plan =>
+
+      // Operations that cannot exists anywhere in a streaming plan
+      plan match {
+
+        case _: Command =>
+          throwError("Commands like CreateTable*, AlterTable*, Show* are not supported with " +
+            "streaming DataFrames/Datasets")
+
+        case _: InsertIntoTable =>
+          throwError("InsertIntoTable is not supported with streaming DataFrames/Datasets")
+
+        case Aggregate(_, _, child) if child.isStreaming && outputMode == Append =>
+          throwError(
+            "Aggregations are not supported on streaming DataFrames/Datasets in " +
+              "Append output mode. Consider changing output mode to Update.")
+
+        case Join(left, right, joinType, _) =>
+
+          joinType match {
+
+            case Inner =>
+              if (left.isStreaming && right.isStreaming) {
+                throwError("Inner join between two streaming DataFrames/Datasets is not supported")
+              }
+
+            case FullOuter =>
+              if (left.isStreaming || right.isStreaming) {
+                throwError("Full outer joins with streaming DataFrames/Datasets are not supported")
+              }
+
+
+            case LeftOuter | LeftSemi | LeftAnti =>
+              if (right.isStreaming) {
+                throwError("Left outer/semi/anti joins with a streaming DataFrame/Dataset " +
+                    "on the right is not supported")
+              }
+
+            case RightOuter =>
+              if (left.isStreaming) {
+                throwError("Right outer join with a streaming DataFrame/Dataset on the left is " +
+                    "not supported")
+              }
+
+            case NaturalJoin(_) | UsingJoin(_, _) =>
+              // They should not appear in an analyzed plan.
+
+            case _ =>
+              throwError(s"Join type $joinType is not supported with streaming DataFrame/Dataset")
+          }
+
+        case c: CoGroup if c.children.exists(_.isStreaming) =>
+          throwError("CoGrouping with a streaming DataFrame/Dataset is not supported")
+
+        case u: Union if u.children.map(_.isStreaming).distinct.size == 2 =>
+          throwError("Union between streaming and batch DataFrames/Datasets is not supported")
+
+        case Except(left, right) if right.isStreaming =>
+          throwError("Except with a streaming DataFrame/Dataset on the right is not supported")
+
+        case Intersect(left, right) if left.isStreaming && right.isStreaming =>
+          throwError("Intersect between two streaming DataFrames/Datasets is not supported")
+
+        case GroupingSets(_, _, child, _) if child.isStreaming =>
+          throwError("GroupingSets is not supported on streaming DataFrames/Datasets")
+
+        case GlobalLimit(_, _) | LocalLimit(_, _) if plan.children.forall(_.isStreaming) =>
+          throwError("Limits are not supported on streaming DataFrames/Datasets")
+
+        case Sort(_, _, _) | SortPartitions(_, _) if plan.children.forall(_.isStreaming) =>
+          throwError("Sorting is not supported on streaming DataFrames/Datasets")
+
+        case Sample(_, _, _, _, child) if child.isStreaming =>
+          throwError("Sampling is not supported on streaming DataFrames/Datasets")
+
+        case Window(_, _, _, child) if child.isStreaming =>
+          throwError("Non-time-based windows are not supported on streaming DataFrames/Datasets")
+
+        case ReturnAnswer(child) if child.isStreaming =>
+          throwError("Cannot return immediate result on streaming DataFrames/Dataset. Queries " +
+            "with streaming DataFrames/Datasets must be executed with write.startStream().")
+
+        case _ =>
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  private def throwErrorIf(
+      condition: Boolean,
+      msg: String)(implicit operator: LogicalPlan): Unit = {
+    if (condition) {
+      throwError(msg)
+    }
+  }
+
+  private def throwError(msg: String)(implicit operator: LogicalPlan): Nothing = {
+    throw new AnalysisException(
+      msg, operator.origin.line, operator.origin.startPosition, Some(operator))
+  }
+}
diff --git a/sql/catalyst/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/catalyst/dsl/package.scala b/sql/catalyst/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/catalyst/dsl/package.scala
index 1e7296664b..958966328b 100644
--- a/sql/catalyst/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/catalyst/dsl/package.scala
+++ b/sql/catalyst/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/catalyst/dsl/package.scala
@@ -297,6 +297,24 @@ package object dsl {
         condition: Option[Expression] = None): LogicalPlan =
         Join(logicalPlan, otherPlan, joinType, condition)
 
+      def cogroup[Key: Encoder, Left: Encoder, Right: Encoder, Result: Encoder](
+          otherPlan: LogicalPlan,
+          func: (Key, Iterator[Left], Iterator[Right]) => TraversableOnce[Result],
+          leftGroup: Seq[Attribute],
+          rightGroup: Seq[Attribute],
+          leftAttr: Seq[Attribute],
+          rightAttr: Seq[Attribute]
+        ): LogicalPlan = {
+        CoGroup.apply[Key, Left, Right, Result](
+          func,
+          leftGroup,
+          rightGroup,
+          leftAttr,
+          rightAttr,
+          logicalPlan,
+          otherPlan)
+      }
+
       def orderBy(sortExprs: SortOrder*): LogicalPlan = Sort(sortExprs, true, logicalPlan)
 
       def sortBy(sortExprs: SortOrder*): LogicalPlan = Sort(sortExprs, false, logicalPlan)
diff --git a/sql/catalyst/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/catalyst/plans/logical/LogicalPlan.scala b/sql/catalyst/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/catalyst/plans/logical/LogicalPlan.scala
index aceeb8aadc..45ac126a72 100644
--- a/sql/catalyst/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/catalyst/plans/logical/LogicalPlan.scala
+++ b/sql/catalyst/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/catalyst/plans/logical/LogicalPlan.scala
@@ -42,6 +42,9 @@ abstract class LogicalPlan extends QueryPlan[LogicalPlan] with Logging {
    */
   def analyzed: Boolean = _analyzed
 
+  /** Returns true if this subtree contains any streaming data sources. */
+  def isStreaming: Boolean = children.exists(_.isStreaming == true)
+
   /**
    * Returns a copy of this node where `rule` has been recursively applied first to all of its
    * children and then itself (post-order). When `rule` does not apply to a given node, it is left
diff --git a/sql/catalyst/src/test/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/catalyst/analysis/UnsupportedOperationsSuite.scala b/sql/catalyst/src/test/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/catalyst/analysis/UnsupportedOperationsSuite.scala
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..ce00a03e76
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sql/catalyst/src/test/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/catalyst/analysis/UnsupportedOperationsSuite.scala
@@ -0,0 +1,384 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.analysis
+
+import org.apache.spark.SparkFunSuite
+import org.apache.spark.sql.AnalysisException
+import org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.dsl.expressions._
+import org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.dsl.plans._
+import org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.encoders.ExpressionEncoder
+import org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.expressions.{Attribute, AttributeReference}
+import org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.plans._
+import org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.plans.logical._
+import org.apache.spark.sql.types.IntegerType
+
+class UnsupportedOperationsSuite extends SparkFunSuite {
+
+  val attribute = AttributeReference("a", IntegerType, nullable = true)()
+  val batchRelation = LocalRelation(attribute)
+  val streamRelation = new TestStreamingRelation(attribute)
+
+  /*
+    =======================================================================================
+                                     BATCH QUERIES
+    =======================================================================================
+   */
+
+  assertSupportedInBatchPlan("local relation", batchRelation)
+
+  assertNotSupportedInBatchPlan(
+    "streaming source",
+    streamRelation,
+    Seq("with streaming source", "startStream"))
+
+  assertNotSupportedInBatchPlan(
+    "select on streaming source",
+    streamRelation.select($"count(*)"),
+    Seq("with streaming source", "startStream"))
+
+
+  /*
+    =======================================================================================
+                                     STREAMING QUERIES
+    =======================================================================================
+   */
+
+  // Batch plan in streaming query
+  testError(
+    "streaming plan - no streaming source",
+    Seq("without streaming source", "startStream")) {
+    UnsupportedOperationChecker.checkForStreaming(batchRelation.select($"count(*)"), Append)
+  }
+
+  // Commands
+  assertNotSupportedInStreamingPlan(
+    "commmands",
+    DescribeFunction("func", true),
+    outputMode = Append,
+    expectedMsgs = "commands" :: Nil)
+
+  // Aggregates: Not supported on streams in Append mode
+  assertSupportedInStreamingPlan(
+    "aggregate - batch with update output mode",
+    batchRelation.groupBy("a")("count(*)"),
+    outputMode = Update)
+
+  assertSupportedInStreamingPlan(
+    "aggregate - batch with append output mode",
+    batchRelation.groupBy("a")("count(*)"),
+    outputMode = Append)
+
+  assertSupportedInStreamingPlan(
+    "aggregate - stream with update output mode",
+    streamRelation.groupBy("a")("count(*)"),
+    outputMode = Update)
+
+  assertNotSupportedInStreamingPlan(
+    "aggregate - stream with append output mode",
+    streamRelation.groupBy("a")("count(*)"),
+    outputMode = Append,
+    Seq("aggregation", "append output mode"))
+
+  // Inner joins: Stream-stream not supported
+  testBinaryOperationInStreamingPlan(
+    "inner join",
+    _.join(_, joinType = Inner),
+    streamStreamSupported = false)
+
+  // Full outer joins: only batch-batch is allowed
+  testBinaryOperationInStreamingPlan(
+    "full outer join",
+    _.join(_, joinType = FullOuter),
+    streamStreamSupported = false,
+    batchStreamSupported = false,
+    streamBatchSupported = false)
+
+  // Left outer joins: *-stream not allowed
+  testBinaryOperationInStreamingPlan(
+    "left outer join",
+    _.join(_, joinType = LeftOuter),
+    streamStreamSupported = false,
+    batchStreamSupported = false,
+    expectedMsg = "left outer/semi/anti joins")
+
+  // Left semi joins: stream-* not allowed
+  testBinaryOperationInStreamingPlan(
+    "left semi join",
+    _.join(_, joinType = LeftSemi),
+    streamStreamSupported = false,
+    batchStreamSupported = false,
+    expectedMsg = "left outer/semi/anti joins")
+
+  // Left anti joins: stream-* not allowed
+  testBinaryOperationInStreamingPlan(
+    "left anti join",
+    _.join(_, joinType = LeftAnti),
+    streamStreamSupported = false,
+    batchStreamSupported = false,
+    expectedMsg = "left outer/semi/anti joins")
+
+  // Right outer joins: stream-* not allowed
+  testBinaryOperationInStreamingPlan(
+    "right outer join",
+    _.join(_, joinType = RightOuter),
+    streamStreamSupported = false,
+    streamBatchSupported = false)
+
+  // Cogroup: only batch-batch is allowed
+  testBinaryOperationInStreamingPlan(
+    "cogroup",
+    genCogroup,
+    streamStreamSupported = false,
+    batchStreamSupported = false,
+    streamBatchSupported = false)
+
+  def genCogroup(left: LogicalPlan, right: LogicalPlan): LogicalPlan = {
+    def func(k: Int, left: Iterator[Int], right: Iterator[Int]): Iterator[Int] = {
+      Iterator.empty
+    }
+    implicit val intEncoder = ExpressionEncoder[Int]
+
+    left.cogroup[Int, Int, Int, Int](
+      right,
+      func,
+      AppendColumns[Int, Int]((x: Int) => x, left).newColumns,
+      AppendColumns[Int, Int]((x: Int) => x, right).newColumns,
+      left.output,
+      right.output)
+  }
+
+  // Union: Mixing between stream and batch not supported
+  testBinaryOperationInStreamingPlan(
+    "union",
+    _.union(_),
+    streamBatchSupported = false,
+    batchStreamSupported = false)
+
+  // Except: *-stream not supported
+  testBinaryOperationInStreamingPlan(
+    "except",
+    _.except(_),
+    streamStreamSupported = false,
+    batchStreamSupported = false)
+
+  // Intersect: stream-stream not supported
+  testBinaryOperationInStreamingPlan(
+    "intersect",
+    _.intersect(_),
+    streamStreamSupported = false)
+
+
+  // Unary operations
+  testUnaryOperatorInStreamingPlan("sort", Sort(Nil, true, _))
+  testUnaryOperatorInStreamingPlan("sort partitions", SortPartitions(Nil, _), expectedMsg = "sort")
+  testUnaryOperatorInStreamingPlan(
+    "sample", Sample(0.1, 1, true, 1L, _)(), expectedMsg = "sampling")
+  testUnaryOperatorInStreamingPlan(
+    "window", Window(Nil, Nil, Nil, _), expectedMsg = "non-time-based windows")
+
+
+  /*
+    =======================================================================================
+                                     TESTING FUNCTIONS
+    =======================================================================================
+   */
+
+  /**
+   * Test that an unary operator correctly fails support check when it has a streaming child plan,
+   * but not when it has batch child plan. There can be batch sub-plans inside a streaming plan,
+   * so it is valid for the operator to have a batch child plan.
+   *
+   * This test wraps the logical plan in a fake operator that makes the whole plan look like
+   * a streaming plan even if the child plan is a batch plan. This is to test that the operator
+   * supports having a batch child plan, forming a batch subplan inside a streaming plan.
+   */
+  def testUnaryOperatorInStreamingPlan(
+    operationName: String,
+    logicalPlanGenerator: LogicalPlan => LogicalPlan,
+    outputMode: OutputMode = Append,
+    expectedMsg: String = ""): Unit = {
+
+    val expectedMsgs = if (expectedMsg.isEmpty) Seq(operationName) else Seq(expectedMsg)
+
+    assertNotSupportedInStreamingPlan(
+      s"$operationName with stream relation",
+      wrapInStreaming(logicalPlanGenerator(streamRelation)),
+      outputMode,
+      expectedMsgs)
+
+    assertSupportedInStreamingPlan(
+      s"$operationName with batch relation",
+      wrapInStreaming(logicalPlanGenerator(batchRelation)),
+      outputMode)
+  }
+
+
+  /**
+   * Test that a binary operator correctly fails support check when it has combinations of
+   * streaming and batch child plans. There can be batch sub-plans inside a streaming plan,
+   * so it is valid for the operator to have a batch child plan.
+   */
+  def testBinaryOperationInStreamingPlan(
+      operationName: String,
+      planGenerator: (LogicalPlan, LogicalPlan) => LogicalPlan,
+      outputMode: OutputMode = Append,
+      streamStreamSupported: Boolean = true,
+      streamBatchSupported: Boolean = true,
+      batchStreamSupported: Boolean = true,
+      expectedMsg: String = ""): Unit = {
+
+    val expectedMsgs = if (expectedMsg.isEmpty) Seq(operationName) else Seq(expectedMsg)
+
+    if (streamStreamSupported) {
+      assertSupportedInStreamingPlan(
+        s"$operationName with stream-stream relations",
+        planGenerator(streamRelation, streamRelation),
+        outputMode)
+    } else {
+      assertNotSupportedInStreamingPlan(
+        s"$operationName with stream-stream relations",
+        planGenerator(streamRelation, streamRelation),
+        outputMode,
+        expectedMsgs)
+    }
+
+    if (streamBatchSupported) {
+      assertSupportedInStreamingPlan(
+        s"$operationName with stream-batch relations",
+        planGenerator(streamRelation, batchRelation),
+        outputMode)
+    } else {
+      assertNotSupportedInStreamingPlan(
+        s"$operationName with stream-batch relations",
+        planGenerator(streamRelation, batchRelation),
+        outputMode,
+        expectedMsgs)
+    }
+
+    if (batchStreamSupported) {
+      assertSupportedInStreamingPlan(
+        s"$operationName with batch-stream relations",
+        planGenerator(batchRelation, streamRelation),
+        outputMode)
+    } else {
+      assertNotSupportedInStreamingPlan(
+        s"$operationName with batch-stream relations",
+        planGenerator(batchRelation, streamRelation),
+        outputMode,
+        expectedMsgs)
+    }
+
+    assertSupportedInStreamingPlan(
+      s"$operationName with batch-batch relations",
+      planGenerator(batchRelation, batchRelation),
+      outputMode)
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Assert that the logical plan is supported as subplan insider a streaming plan.
+   *
+   * To test this correctly, the given logical plan is wrapped in a fake operator that makes the
+   * whole plan look like a streaming plan. Otherwise, a batch plan may throw not supported
+   * exception simply for not being a streaming plan, even though that plan could exists as batch
+   * subplan inside some streaming plan.
+   */
+  def assertSupportedInStreamingPlan(
+      name: String,
+      plan: LogicalPlan,
+      outputMode: OutputMode): Unit = {
+    test(s"streaming plan - $name: supported") {
+      UnsupportedOperationChecker.checkForStreaming(wrapInStreaming(plan), outputMode)
+    }
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Assert that the logical plan is not supported inside a streaming plan.
+   *
+   * To test this correctly, the given logical plan is wrapped in a fake operator that makes the
+   * whole plan look like a streaming plan. Otherwise, a batch plan may throw not supported
+   * exception simply for not being a streaming plan, even though that plan could exists as batch
+   * subplan inside some streaming plan.
+   */
+  def assertNotSupportedInStreamingPlan(
+      name: String,
+      plan: LogicalPlan,
+      outputMode: OutputMode,
+      expectedMsgs: Seq[String]): Unit = {
+    testError(
+      s"streaming plan - $name: not supported",
+      expectedMsgs :+ "streaming" :+ "DataFrame" :+ "Dataset" :+ "not supported") {
+      UnsupportedOperationChecker.checkForStreaming(wrapInStreaming(plan), outputMode)
+    }
+  }
+
+  /** Assert that the logical plan is supported as a batch plan */
+  def assertSupportedInBatchPlan(name: String, plan: LogicalPlan): Unit = {
+    test(s"batch plan - $name: supported") {
+      UnsupportedOperationChecker.checkForBatch(plan)
+    }
+  }
+
+  /** Assert that the logical plan is not supported as a batch plan */
+  def assertNotSupportedInBatchPlan(
+      name: String,
+      plan: LogicalPlan,
+      expectedMsgs: Seq[String]): Unit = {
+    testError(s"batch plan - $name: not supported", expectedMsgs) {
+      UnsupportedOperationChecker.checkForBatch(plan)
+    }
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Test whether the body of code will fail. If it does fail, then check if it has expected
+   * messages.
+   */
+  def testError(testName: String, expectedMsgs: Seq[String])(testBody: => Unit): Unit = {
+
+    test(testName) {
+      val e = intercept[AnalysisException] {
+        testBody
+      }
+
+      if (!expectedMsgs.map(_.toLowerCase).forall(e.getMessage.toLowerCase.contains)) {
+        fail(
+          s"""Exception message should contain the following substrings:
+              |
+          |  ${expectedMsgs.mkString("\n  ")}
+              |
+          |Actual exception message:
+              |
+          |  ${e.getMessage}
+          """.stripMargin)
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  def wrapInStreaming(plan: LogicalPlan): LogicalPlan = {
+    new StreamingPlanWrapper(plan)
+  }
+
+  case class StreamingPlanWrapper(child: LogicalPlan) extends UnaryNode {
+    override def output: Seq[Attribute] = child.output
+    override def isStreaming: Boolean = true
+  }
+
+  case class TestStreamingRelation(output: Seq[Attribute]) extends LeafNode {
+    def this(attribute: Attribute) = this(Seq(attribute))
+    override def isStreaming: Boolean = true
+  }
+}
diff --git a/sql/catalyst/src/test/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/catalyst/plans/LogicalPlanSuite.scala b/sql/catalyst/src/test/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/catalyst/plans/LogicalPlanSuite.scala
index faef9ed274..cc86f1f6e2 100644
--- a/sql/catalyst/src/test/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/catalyst/plans/LogicalPlanSuite.scala
+++ b/sql/catalyst/src/test/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/catalyst/plans/LogicalPlanSuite.scala
@@ -18,7 +18,9 @@
 package org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.plans
 
 import org.apache.spark.SparkFunSuite
+import org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.expressions.{Attribute, AttributeReference}
 import org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.plans.logical._
+import org.apache.spark.sql.types.IntegerType
 
 /**
  * This suite is used to test [[LogicalPlan]]'s `resolveOperators` and make sure it can correctly
@@ -68,4 +70,23 @@ class LogicalPlanSuite extends SparkFunSuite {
 
     assert(invocationCount === 1)
   }
+
+  test("isStreaming") {
+    val relation = LocalRelation(AttributeReference("a", IntegerType, nullable = true)())
+    val incrementalRelation = new LocalRelation(
+      Seq(AttributeReference("a", IntegerType, nullable = true)())) {
+      override def isStreaming(): Boolean = true
+    }
+
+    case class TestBinaryRelation(left: LogicalPlan, right: LogicalPlan) extends BinaryNode {
+      override def output: Seq[Attribute] = left.output ++ right.output
+    }
+
+    require(relation.isStreaming === false)
+    require(incrementalRelation.isStreaming === true)
+    assert(TestBinaryRelation(relation, relation).isStreaming === false)
+    assert(TestBinaryRelation(incrementalRelation, relation).isStreaming === true)
+    assert(TestBinaryRelation(relation, incrementalRelation).isStreaming === true)
+    assert(TestBinaryRelation(incrementalRelation, incrementalRelation).isStreaming)
+  }
 }
diff --git a/sql/core/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/ContinuousQueryManager.scala b/sql/core/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/ContinuousQueryManager.scala
index 1343e81569..39d04ed8c2 100644
--- a/sql/core/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/ContinuousQueryManager.scala
+++ b/sql/core/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/ContinuousQueryManager.scala
@@ -20,8 +20,10 @@ package org.apache.spark.sql
 import scala.collection.mutable
 
 import org.apache.spark.annotation.Experimental
+import org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.analysis.{Append, OutputMode, UnsupportedOperationChecker}
 import org.apache.spark.sql.execution.streaming._
 import org.apache.spark.sql.execution.streaming.state.StateStoreCoordinatorRef
+import org.apache.spark.sql.internal.SQLConf
 import org.apache.spark.sql.util.ContinuousQueryListener
 
 /**
@@ -172,14 +174,23 @@ class ContinuousQueryManager(sqlContext: SQLContext) {
       checkpointLocation: String,
       df: DataFrame,
       sink: Sink,
-      trigger: Trigger = ProcessingTime(0)): ContinuousQuery = {
+      trigger: Trigger = ProcessingTime(0),
+      outputMode: OutputMode = Append): ContinuousQuery = {
     activeQueriesLock.synchronized {
       if (activeQueries.contains(name)) {
         throw new IllegalArgumentException(
           s"Cannot start query with name $name as a query with that name is already active")
       }
+      val analyzedPlan = df.queryExecution.analyzed
+      df.queryExecution.assertAnalyzed()
+
+      if (sqlContext.conf.getConf(SQLConf.UNSUPPORTED_OPERATION_CHECK_ENABLED)) {
+        UnsupportedOperationChecker.checkForStreaming(analyzedPlan, outputMode)
+      }
+
       var nextSourceId = 0L
-      val logicalPlan = df.logicalPlan.transform {
+
+      val logicalPlan = analyzedPlan.transform {
         case StreamingRelation(dataSource, _, output) =>
           // Materialize source to avoid creating it in every batch
           val metadataPath = s"$checkpointLocation/sources/$nextSourceId"
@@ -195,6 +206,7 @@ class ContinuousQueryManager(sqlContext: SQLContext) {
         checkpointLocation,
         logicalPlan,
         sink,
+        outputMode,
         trigger)
       query.start()
       activeQueries.put(name, query)
diff --git a/sql/core/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/Dataset.scala b/sql/core/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/Dataset.scala
index fb3e184a64..1a09d70fb9 100644
--- a/sql/core/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/Dataset.scala
+++ b/sql/core/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/Dataset.scala
@@ -461,9 +461,7 @@ class Dataset[T] private[sql](
    * @since 2.0.0
    */
   @Experimental
-  def isStreaming: Boolean = logicalPlan.find { n =>
-      n.isInstanceOf[StreamingRelation] || n.isInstanceOf[StreamingExecutionRelation]
-    }.isDefined
+  def isStreaming: Boolean = logicalPlan.isStreaming
 
   /**
    * Displays the [[Dataset]] in a tabular form. Strings more than 20 characters will be truncated,
diff --git a/sql/core/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/execution/QueryExecution.scala b/sql/core/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/execution/QueryExecution.scala
index f5e1e77263..ddcae0fe07 100644
--- a/sql/core/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/execution/QueryExecution.scala
+++ b/sql/core/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/execution/QueryExecution.scala
@@ -20,9 +20,11 @@ package org.apache.spark.sql.execution
 import org.apache.spark.rdd.RDD
 import org.apache.spark.sql.{AnalysisException, SQLContext}
 import org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.InternalRow
+import org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.analysis.UnsupportedOperationChecker
 import org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.plans.logical.{LogicalPlan, ReturnAnswer}
 import org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.rules.Rule
 import org.apache.spark.sql.execution.exchange.{EnsureRequirements, ReuseExchange}
+import org.apache.spark.sql.internal.SQLConf
 
 /**
  * The primary workflow for executing relational queries using Spark.  Designed to allow easy
@@ -43,10 +45,17 @@ class QueryExecution(val sqlContext: SQLContext, val logical: LogicalPlan) {
       throw ae
   }
 
+  def assertSupported(): Unit = {
+    if (sqlContext.conf.getConf(SQLConf.UNSUPPORTED_OPERATION_CHECK_ENABLED)) {
+      UnsupportedOperationChecker.checkForBatch(analyzed)
+    }
+  }
+
   lazy val analyzed: LogicalPlan = sqlContext.sessionState.analyzer.execute(logical)
 
   lazy val withCachedData: LogicalPlan = {
     assertAnalyzed()
+    assertSupported()
     sqlContext.cacheManager.useCachedData(analyzed)
   }
 
diff --git a/sql/core/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/execution/streaming/IncrementalExecution.scala b/sql/core/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/execution/streaming/IncrementalExecution.scala
index aaced49dd1..81244ed874 100644
--- a/sql/core/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/execution/streaming/IncrementalExecution.scala
+++ b/sql/core/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/execution/streaming/IncrementalExecution.scala
@@ -18,9 +18,11 @@
 package org.apache.spark.sql.execution.streaming
 
 import org.apache.spark.sql.SQLContext
-import org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.plans.logical.LogicalPlan
+import org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.analysis.{OutputMode, UnsupportedOperationChecker}
+import org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.plans.logical._
 import org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.rules.Rule
 import org.apache.spark.sql.execution.{QueryExecution, SparkPlan, SparkPlanner, UnaryNode}
+import org.apache.spark.sql.internal.SQLConf
 
 /**
  * A variant of [[QueryExecution]] that allows the execution of the given [[LogicalPlan]]
@@ -29,6 +31,7 @@ import org.apache.spark.sql.execution.{QueryExecution, SparkPlan, SparkPlanner,
 class IncrementalExecution(
     ctx: SQLContext,
     logicalPlan: LogicalPlan,
+    outputMode: OutputMode,
     checkpointLocation: String,
     currentBatchId: Long) extends QueryExecution(ctx, logicalPlan) {
 
@@ -69,4 +72,7 @@ class IncrementalExecution(
   }
 
   override def preparations: Seq[Rule[SparkPlan]] = state +: super.preparations
+
+  /** No need assert supported, as this check has already been done */
+  override def assertSupported(): Unit = { }
 }
diff --git a/sql/core/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/execution/streaming/StreamExecution.scala b/sql/core/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/execution/streaming/StreamExecution.scala
index 87dd27a2b1..2a1fa1ba62 100644
--- a/sql/core/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/execution/streaming/StreamExecution.scala
+++ b/sql/core/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/execution/streaming/StreamExecution.scala
@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@ import org.apache.hadoop.fs.Path
 
 import org.apache.spark.internal.Logging
 import org.apache.spark.sql._
+import org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.analysis.OutputMode
 import org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.encoders.RowEncoder
 import org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.expressions.{Attribute, AttributeMap}
 import org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.plans.logical.{LocalRelation, LogicalPlan}
@@ -48,6 +49,7 @@ class StreamExecution(
     checkpointRoot: String,
     private[sql] val logicalPlan: LogicalPlan,
     val sink: Sink,
+    val outputMode: OutputMode,
     val trigger: Trigger) extends ContinuousQuery with Logging {
 
   /** An monitor used to wait/notify when batches complete. */
@@ -314,8 +316,13 @@ class StreamExecution(
     }
 
     val optimizerStart = System.nanoTime()
-    lastExecution =
-        new IncrementalExecution(sqlContext, newPlan, checkpointFile("state"), currentBatchId)
+    lastExecution = new IncrementalExecution(
+      sqlContext,
+      newPlan,
+      outputMode,
+      checkpointFile("state"),
+      currentBatchId)
+
     lastExecution.executedPlan
     val optimizerTime = (System.nanoTime() - optimizerStart).toDouble / 1000000
     logDebug(s"Optimized batch in ${optimizerTime}ms")
diff --git a/sql/core/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/execution/streaming/StreamingRelation.scala b/sql/core/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/execution/streaming/StreamingRelation.scala
index d2872e49ce..c29291eb58 100644
--- a/sql/core/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/execution/streaming/StreamingRelation.scala
+++ b/sql/core/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/execution/streaming/StreamingRelation.scala
@@ -37,6 +37,7 @@ object StreamingRelation {
  */
 case class StreamingRelation(dataSource: DataSource, sourceName: String, output: Seq[Attribute])
   extends LeafNode {
+  override def isStreaming: Boolean = true
   override def toString: String = sourceName
 }
 
@@ -45,6 +46,7 @@ case class StreamingRelation(dataSource: DataSource, sourceName: String, output:
  * [[org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.plans.logical.LogicalPlan]].
  */
 case class StreamingExecutionRelation(source: Source, output: Seq[Attribute]) extends LeafNode {
+  override def isStreaming: Boolean = true
   override def toString: String = source.toString
 }
 
diff --git a/sql/core/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/internal/SQLConf.scala b/sql/core/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/internal/SQLConf.scala
index 70e18cebdd..7f206bdb9b 100644
--- a/sql/core/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/internal/SQLConf.scala
+++ b/sql/core/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/internal/SQLConf.scala
@@ -442,6 +442,14 @@ object SQLConf {
     .stringConf
     .createOptional
 
+  val UNSUPPORTED_OPERATION_CHECK_ENABLED =
+    SQLConfigBuilder("spark.sql.streaming.unsupportedOperationCheck")
+      .internal()
+      .doc("When true, the logical plan for continuous query will be checked for unsupported" +
+        " operations.")
+      .booleanConf
+      .createWithDefault(true)
+
   // TODO: This is still WIP and shouldn't be turned on without extensive test coverage
   val COLUMNAR_AGGREGATE_MAP_ENABLED = SQLConfigBuilder("spark.sql.codegen.aggregate.map.enabled")
     .internal()
diff --git a/sql/core/src/test/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/StreamTest.scala b/sql/core/src/test/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/StreamTest.scala
index 6ccc99fe17..242ea9cb27 100644
--- a/sql/core/src/test/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/StreamTest.scala
+++ b/sql/core/src/test/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/StreamTest.scala
@@ -33,6 +33,7 @@ import org.scalatest.exceptions.TestFailedDueToTimeoutException
 import org.scalatest.time.Span
 import org.scalatest.time.SpanSugar._
 
+import org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.analysis.{Append, OutputMode}
 import org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.encoders.{encoderFor, ExpressionEncoder, RowEncoder}
 import org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.plans.logical.LogicalPlan
 import org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.util._
@@ -75,6 +76,8 @@ trait StreamTest extends QueryTest with Timeouts {
   /** How long to wait for an active stream to catch up when checking a result. */
   val streamingTimeout = 10.seconds
 
+  val outputMode: OutputMode = Append
+
   /** A trait for actions that can be performed while testing a streaming DataFrame. */
   trait StreamAction
 
@@ -228,6 +231,7 @@ trait StreamTest extends QueryTest with Timeouts {
          |$testActions
          |
          |== Stream ==
+         |Output Mode: $outputMode
          |Stream state: $currentOffsets
          |Thread state: $threadState
          |${if (streamDeathCause != null) stackTraceToString(streamDeathCause) else ""}
@@ -235,6 +239,7 @@ trait StreamTest extends QueryTest with Timeouts {
          |== Sink ==
          |${sink.toDebugString}
          |
+         |
          |== Plan ==
          |${if (currentStream != null) currentStream.lastExecution else ""}
          """.stripMargin
@@ -293,7 +298,8 @@ trait StreamTest extends QueryTest with Timeouts {
                   StreamExecution.nextName,
                   metadataRoot,
                   stream,
-                  sink)
+                  sink,
+                  outputMode = outputMode)
                 .asInstanceOf[StreamExecution]
             currentStream.microBatchThread.setUncaughtExceptionHandler(
               new UncaughtExceptionHandler {
diff --git a/sql/core/src/test/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/streaming/StreamSuite.scala b/sql/core/src/test/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/streaming/StreamSuite.scala
index 2bd27c7efd..6f3149dbc5 100644
--- a/sql/core/src/test/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/streaming/StreamSuite.scala
+++ b/sql/core/src/test/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/streaming/StreamSuite.scala
@@ -17,10 +17,9 @@
 
 package org.apache.spark.sql.streaming
 
-import org.scalatest.concurrent.Eventually._
-
-import org.apache.spark.sql.{DataFrame, Row, SQLContext, StreamTest}
+import org.apache.spark.sql._
 import org.apache.spark.sql.execution.streaming._
+import org.apache.spark.sql.functions._
 import org.apache.spark.sql.sources.StreamSourceProvider
 import org.apache.spark.sql.test.SharedSQLContext
 import org.apache.spark.sql.types.{IntegerType, StructField, StructType}
@@ -108,6 +107,35 @@ class StreamSuite extends StreamTest with SharedSQLContext {
     assertDF(df)
     assertDF(df)
   }
+
+  test("unsupported queries") {
+    val streamInput = MemoryStream[Int]
+    val batchInput = Seq(1, 2, 3).toDS()
+
+    def assertError(expectedMsgs: Seq[String])(body: => Unit): Unit = {
+      val e = intercept[AnalysisException] {
+        body
+      }
+      expectedMsgs.foreach { s => assert(e.getMessage.contains(s)) }
+    }
+
+    // Running streaming plan as a batch query
+    assertError("startStream" :: Nil) {
+      streamInput.toDS.map { i => i }.count()
+    }
+
+    // Running non-streaming plan with as a streaming query
+    assertError("without streaming sources" :: "startStream" :: Nil) {
+      val ds = batchInput.map { i => i }
+      testStream(ds)()
+    }
+
+    // Running streaming plan that cannot be incrementalized
+    assertError("not supported" :: "streaming" :: Nil) {
+      val ds = streamInput.toDS.map { i => i }.sort()
+      testStream(ds)()
+    }
+  }
 }
 
 /**
diff --git a/sql/core/src/test/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/streaming/StreamingAggregationSuite.scala b/sql/core/src/test/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/streaming/StreamingAggregationSuite.scala
index 3af7c01e52..fa3b122f6d 100644
--- a/sql/core/src/test/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/streaming/StreamingAggregationSuite.scala
+++ b/sql/core/src/test/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/streaming/StreamingAggregationSuite.scala
@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@ package org.apache.spark.sql.streaming
 
 import org.apache.spark.SparkException
 import org.apache.spark.sql.StreamTest
+import org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.analysis.Update
 import org.apache.spark.sql.execution.streaming._
 import org.apache.spark.sql.expressions.scala.typed
 import org.apache.spark.sql.functions._
@@ -32,6 +33,8 @@ class StreamingAggregationSuite extends StreamTest with SharedSQLContext {
 
   import testImplicits._
 
+  override val outputMode = Update
+
   test("simple count") {
     val inputData = MemoryStream[Int]