[SPARK-16368][SQL] Fix Strange Errors When Creating View With Unmatched Column Num

#### What changes were proposed in this pull request?
When creating a view, a common user error is the number of columns produced by the `SELECT` clause does not match the number of column names specified by `CREATE VIEW`.

For example, given Table `t1` only has 3 columns
```SQL
create view v1(col2, col4, col3, col5) as select * from t1
```
Currently, Spark SQL reports the following error:
```
requirement failed
java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: requirement failed
	at scala.Predef$.require(Predef.scala:212)
	at org.apache.spark.sql.execution.command.CreateViewCommand.run(views.scala:90)
```

This error message is very confusing. This PR is to detect the error and issue a meaningful error message.

#### How was this patch tested?
Added test cases

Author: gatorsmile <gatorsmile@gmail.com>

Closes #14047 from gatorsmile/viewMismatchedColumns.

3 files changed, 51 insertions, 1 deletions

diff --git a/sql/core/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/execution/command/views.scala b/sql/core/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/execution/command/views.scala
index 007fa46943..16b333a402 100644
--- a/sql/core/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/execution/command/views.scala
+++ b/sql/core/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/execution/command/views.scala
@@ -88,7 +88,11 @@ case class CreateViewCommand(
     qe.assertAnalyzed()
     val analyzedPlan = qe.analyzed
 
-    require(tableDesc.schema == Nil || tableDesc.schema.length == analyzedPlan.output.length)
+    if (tableDesc.schema != Nil && tableDesc.schema.length != analyzedPlan.output.length) {
+      throw new AnalysisException(s"The number of columns produced by the SELECT clause " +
+        s"(num: `${analyzedPlan.output.length}`) does not match the number of column names " +
+        s"specified by CREATE VIEW (num: `${tableDesc.schema.length}`).")
+    }
     val sessionState = sparkSession.sessionState
 
     if (isTemporary) {
diff --git a/sql/core/src/test/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/execution/command/DDLSuite.scala b/sql/core/src/test/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/execution/command/DDLSuite.scala
index 0ee8d179d7..7d1f1d1e62 100644
--- a/sql/core/src/test/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/execution/command/DDLSuite.scala
+++ b/sql/core/src/test/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/execution/command/DDLSuite.scala
@@ -1314,6 +1314,29 @@ class DDLSuite extends QueryTest with SharedSQLContext with BeforeAndAfterEach {
     }
   }
 
+  test("create temporary view with mismatched schema") {
+    withTable("tab1") {
+      spark.range(10).write.saveAsTable("tab1")
+      withView("view1") {
+        val e = intercept[AnalysisException] {
+          sql("CREATE TEMPORARY VIEW view1 (col1, col3) AS SELECT * FROM tab1")
+        }.getMessage
+        assert(e.contains("the SELECT clause (num: `1`) does not match")
+          && e.contains("CREATE VIEW (num: `2`)"))
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  test("create temporary view with specified schema") {
+    withView("view1") {
+      sql("CREATE TEMPORARY VIEW view1 (col1, col2) AS SELECT 1, 2")
+      checkAnswer(
+        sql("SELECT * FROM view1"),
+        Row(1, 2) :: Nil
+      )
+    }
+  }
+
   test("truncate table - external table, temporary table, view (not allowed)") {
     import testImplicits._
     val path = Utils.createTempDir().getAbsolutePath
diff --git a/sql/hive/src/test/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/hive/execution/HiveDDLSuite.scala b/sql/hive/src/test/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/hive/execution/HiveDDLSuite.scala
index 9d3c4cd3d5..93e50f4ee9 100644
--- a/sql/hive/src/test/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/hive/execution/HiveDDLSuite.scala
+++ b/sql/hive/src/test/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/hive/execution/HiveDDLSuite.scala
@@ -391,6 +391,29 @@ class HiveDDLSuite
     }
   }
 
+  test("create view with mismatched schema") {
+    withTable("tab1") {
+      spark.range(10).write.saveAsTable("tab1")
+      withView("view1") {
+        val e = intercept[AnalysisException] {
+          sql("CREATE VIEW view1 (col1, col3) AS SELECT * FROM tab1")
+        }.getMessage
+        assert(e.contains("the SELECT clause (num: `1`) does not match")
+          && e.contains("CREATE VIEW (num: `2`)"))
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  test("create view with specified schema") {
+    withView("view1") {
+      sql("CREATE VIEW view1 (col1, col2) AS SELECT 1, 2")
+      checkAnswer(
+        sql("SELECT * FROM view1"),
+        Row(1, 2) :: Nil
+      )
+    }
+  }
+
   test("desc table for Hive table") {
     withTable("tab1") {
       val tabName = "tab1"