[SPARK-13577][YARN] Allow Spark jar to be multiple jars, archive.

In preparation for the demise of assemblies, this change allows the
YARN backend to use multiple jars and globs as the "Spark jar". The
config option has been renamed to "spark.yarn.jars" to reflect that.

A second option "spark.yarn.archive" was also added; if set, this
takes precedence and uploads an archive expected to contain the jar
files with the Spark code and its dependencies.

Existing deployments should keep working, mostly. This change drops
support for the "SPARK_JAR" environment variable, and also does not
fall back to using "jarOfClass" if no configuration is set, falling
back to finding files under SPARK_HOME instead. This should be fine
since "jarOfClass" probably wouldn't work unless you were using
spark-submit anyway.

Tested with the unit tests, and trying the different config options
on a YARN cluster.

Author: Marcelo Vanzin <vanzin@cloudera.com>

Closes #11500 from vanzin/SPARK-13577.

5 files changed, 206 insertions, 71 deletions

diff --git a/yarn/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/deploy/yarn/Client.scala b/yarn/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/deploy/yarn/Client.scala
index 6ca9669002..0b5ceb768c 100644
--- a/yarn/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/deploy/yarn/Client.scala
+++ b/yarn/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/deploy/yarn/Client.scala
@@ -423,7 +423,63 @@ private[spark] class Client(
     }
 
     /**
-     * Copy the given main resource to the distributed cache if the scheme is not "local".
+     * Add Spark to the cache. There are two settings that control what files to add to the cache:
+     * - if a Spark archive is defined, use the archive. The archive is expected to contain
+     *   jar files at its root directory.
+     * - if a list of jars is provided, filter the non-local ones, resolve globs, and
+     *   add the found files to the cache.
+     *
+     * Note that the archive cannot be a "local" URI. If none of the above settings are found,
+     * then upload all files found in $SPARK_HOME/jars.
+     *
+     * TODO: currently the code looks in $SPARK_HOME/lib while the work to replace assemblies
+     * with a directory full of jars is ongoing.
+     */
+    val sparkArchive = sparkConf.get(SPARK_ARCHIVE)
+    if (sparkArchive.isDefined) {
+      val archive = sparkArchive.get
+      require(!isLocalUri(archive), s"${SPARK_ARCHIVE.key} cannot be a local URI.")
+      distribute(Utils.resolveURI(archive).toString,
+        resType = LocalResourceType.ARCHIVE,
+        destName = Some(LOCALIZED_LIB_DIR))
+    } else {
+      sparkConf.get(SPARK_JARS) match {
+        case Some(jars) =>
+          // Break the list of jars to upload, and resolve globs.
+          val localJars = new ArrayBuffer[String]()
+          jars.foreach { jar =>
+            if (!isLocalUri(jar)) {
+              val path = getQualifiedLocalPath(Utils.resolveURI(jar), hadoopConf)
+              val pathFs = FileSystem.get(path.toUri(), hadoopConf)
+              pathFs.globStatus(path).filter(_.isFile()).foreach { entry =>
+                distribute(entry.getPath().toUri().toString(),
+                  targetDir = Some(LOCALIZED_LIB_DIR))
+              }
+            } else {
+              localJars += jar
+            }
+          }
+
+          // Propagate the local URIs to the containers using the configuration.
+          sparkConf.set(SPARK_JARS, localJars)
+
+        case None =>
+          // No configuration, so fall back to uploading local jar files.
+          logWarning(s"Neither ${SPARK_JARS.key} nor ${SPARK_ARCHIVE.key} is set, falling back " +
+            "to uploading libraries under SPARK_HOME.")
+          val jarsDir = new File(sparkConf.getenv("SPARK_HOME"), "lib")
+          if (jarsDir.isDirectory()) {
+            jarsDir.listFiles().foreach { f =>
+              if (f.isFile() && f.getName().toLowerCase().endsWith(".jar")) {
+                distribute(f.getAbsolutePath(), targetDir = Some(LOCALIZED_LIB_DIR))
+              }
+            }
+          }
+      }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Copy a few resources to the distributed cache if their scheme is not "local".
      * Otherwise, set the corresponding key in our SparkConf to handle it downstream.
      * Each resource is represented by a 3-tuple of:
      *   (1) destination resource name,
@@ -431,8 +487,7 @@ private[spark] class Client(
      *   (3) Spark property key to set if the scheme is not local
      */
     List(
-      (SPARK_JAR_NAME, sparkJar(sparkConf), SPARK_JAR.key),
-      (APP_JAR_NAME, args.userJar, APP_JAR.key),
+      (APP_JAR_NAME, args.userJar, APP_JAR),
       ("log4j.properties", oldLog4jConf.orNull, null)
     ).foreach { case (destName, path, confKey) =>
       if (path != null && !path.trim().isEmpty()) {
@@ -1062,8 +1117,7 @@ object Client extends Logging {
     new Client(args, sparkConf).run()
   }
 
-  // Alias for the Spark assembly jar and the user jar
-  val SPARK_JAR_NAME: String = "__spark__.jar"
+  // Alias for the user jar
   val APP_JAR_NAME: String = "__app__.jar"
 
   // URI scheme that identifies local resources
@@ -1072,8 +1126,6 @@ object Client extends Logging {
   // Staging directory for any temporary jars or files
   val SPARK_STAGING: String = ".sparkStaging"
 
-  // Location of any user-defined Spark jars
-  val ENV_SPARK_JAR = "SPARK_JAR"
 
   // Staging directory is private! -> rwx--------
   val STAGING_DIR_PERMISSION: FsPermission =
@@ -1095,28 +1147,8 @@ object Client extends Logging {
   // Subdirectory where the user's python files (not archives) will be placed.
   val LOCALIZED_PYTHON_DIR = "__pyfiles__"
 
-  /**
-   * Find the user-defined Spark jar if configured, or return the jar containing this
-   * class if not.
-   *
-   * This method first looks in the SparkConf object for the spark.yarn.jar key, and in the
-   * user environment if that is not found (for backwards compatibility).
-   */
-  private def sparkJar(conf: SparkConf): String = {
-    conf.get(SPARK_JAR).getOrElse(
-      if (System.getenv(ENV_SPARK_JAR) != null) {
-        logWarning(
-          s"$ENV_SPARK_JAR detected in the system environment. This variable has been deprecated " +
-            s"in favor of the ${SPARK_JAR.key} configuration variable.")
-        System.getenv(ENV_SPARK_JAR)
-      } else {
-        SparkContext.jarOfClass(this.getClass).getOrElse(throw new SparkException("Could not "
-          + "find jar containing Spark classes. The jar can be defined using the "
-          + s"${SPARK_JAR.key} configuration option. If testing Spark, either set that option "
-          + "or make sure SPARK_PREPEND_CLASSES is not set."))
-      }
-    )
-  }
+  // Subdirectory where Spark libraries will be placed.
+  val LOCALIZED_LIB_DIR = "__spark_libs__"
 
   /**
    * Return the path to the given application's staging directory.
@@ -1236,7 +1268,18 @@ object Client extends Logging {
         addFileToClasspath(sparkConf, conf, x, null, env)
       }
     }
-    addFileToClasspath(sparkConf, conf, new URI(sparkJar(sparkConf)), SPARK_JAR_NAME, env)
+
+    // Add the Spark jars to the classpath, depending on how they were distributed.
+    addClasspathEntry(buildPath(YarnSparkHadoopUtil.expandEnvironment(Environment.PWD),
+      LOCALIZED_LIB_DIR, "*"), env)
+    if (!sparkConf.get(SPARK_ARCHIVE).isDefined) {
+      sparkConf.get(SPARK_JARS).foreach { jars =>
+        jars.filter(isLocalUri).foreach { jar =>
+          addClasspathEntry(getClusterPath(sparkConf, jar), env)
+        }
+      }
+    }
+
     populateHadoopClasspath(conf, env)
     sys.env.get(ENV_DIST_CLASSPATH).foreach { cp =>
       addClasspathEntry(getClusterPath(sparkConf, cp), env)
@@ -1392,4 +1435,9 @@ object Client extends Logging {
     components.mkString(Path.SEPARATOR)
   }
 
+  /** Returns whether the URI is a "local:" URI. */
+  def isLocalUri(uri: String): Boolean = {
+    uri.startsWith(s"$LOCAL_SCHEME:")
+  }
+
 }
diff --git a/yarn/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/deploy/yarn/config.scala b/yarn/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/deploy/yarn/config.scala
index 06c1be9bf0..10cd6d00b0 100644
--- a/yarn/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/deploy/yarn/config.scala
+++ b/yarn/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/deploy/yarn/config.scala
@@ -72,11 +72,17 @@ package object config {
 
   /* File distribution. */
 
-  private[spark] val SPARK_JAR = ConfigBuilder("spark.yarn.jar")
-    .doc("Location of the Spark jar to use.")
+  private[spark] val SPARK_ARCHIVE = ConfigBuilder("spark.yarn.archive")
+    .doc("Location of archive containing jars files with Spark classes.")
     .stringConf
     .optional
 
+  private[spark] val SPARK_JARS = ConfigBuilder("spark.yarn.jars")
+    .doc("Location of jars containing Spark classes.")
+    .stringConf
+    .toSequence
+    .optional
+
   private[spark] val ARCHIVES_TO_DISTRIBUTE = ConfigBuilder("spark.yarn.dist.archives")
     .stringConf
     .optional
diff --git a/yarn/src/test/scala/org/apache/spark/deploy/yarn/BaseYarnClusterSuite.scala b/yarn/src/test/scala/org/apache/spark/deploy/yarn/BaseYarnClusterSuite.scala
index 272e2454da..b12e506033 100644
--- a/yarn/src/test/scala/org/apache/spark/deploy/yarn/BaseYarnClusterSuite.scala
+++ b/yarn/src/test/scala/org/apache/spark/deploy/yarn/BaseYarnClusterSuite.scala
@@ -34,6 +34,7 @@ import org.scalatest.{BeforeAndAfterAll, Matchers}
 import org.scalatest.concurrent.Eventually._
 
 import org.apache.spark._
+import org.apache.spark.deploy.yarn.config._
 import org.apache.spark.launcher._
 import org.apache.spark.util.Utils
 
@@ -202,7 +203,7 @@ abstract class BaseYarnClusterSuite
       extraClassPath: Seq[String] = Nil,
       extraConf: Map[String, String] = Map()): String = {
     val props = new Properties()
-    props.put("spark.yarn.jar", "local:" + fakeSparkJar.getAbsolutePath())
+    props.put(SPARK_JARS.key, "local:" + fakeSparkJar.getAbsolutePath())
 
     val testClasspath = new TestClasspathBuilder()
       .buildClassPath(
diff --git a/yarn/src/test/scala/org/apache/spark/deploy/yarn/ClientSuite.scala b/yarn/src/test/scala/org/apache/spark/deploy/yarn/ClientSuite.scala
index b57c179d89..24472e006b 100644
--- a/yarn/src/test/scala/org/apache/spark/deploy/yarn/ClientSuite.scala
+++ b/yarn/src/test/scala/org/apache/spark/deploy/yarn/ClientSuite.scala
@@ -36,17 +36,19 @@ import org.apache.hadoop.yarn.api.records._
 import org.apache.hadoop.yarn.client.api.YarnClientApplication
 import org.apache.hadoop.yarn.conf.YarnConfiguration
 import org.apache.hadoop.yarn.util.Records
-import org.mockito.Matchers._
+import org.mockito.Matchers.{eq => meq, _}
 import org.mockito.Mockito._
 import org.scalatest.{BeforeAndAfterAll, Matchers}
 
-import org.apache.spark.{SparkConf, SparkFunSuite}
+import org.apache.spark.{SparkConf, SparkFunSuite, TestUtils}
 import org.apache.spark.deploy.yarn.config._
-import org.apache.spark.util.{ResetSystemProperties, Utils}
+import org.apache.spark.util.{ResetSystemProperties, SparkConfWithEnv, Utils}
 
 class ClientSuite extends SparkFunSuite with Matchers with BeforeAndAfterAll
   with ResetSystemProperties {
 
+  import Client._
+
   var oldSystemProperties: Properties = null
 
   override def beforeAll(): Unit = {
@@ -65,35 +67,35 @@ class ClientSuite extends SparkFunSuite with Matchers with BeforeAndAfterAll
   }
 
   test("default Yarn application classpath") {
-    Client.getDefaultYarnApplicationClasspath should be(Some(Fixtures.knownDefYarnAppCP))
+    getDefaultYarnApplicationClasspath should be(Some(Fixtures.knownDefYarnAppCP))
   }
 
   test("default MR application classpath") {
-    Client.getDefaultMRApplicationClasspath should be(Some(Fixtures.knownDefMRAppCP))
+    getDefaultMRApplicationClasspath should be(Some(Fixtures.knownDefMRAppCP))
   }
 
   test("resultant classpath for an application that defines a classpath for YARN") {
     withAppConf(Fixtures.mapYARNAppConf) { conf =>
       val env = newEnv
-      Client.populateHadoopClasspath(conf, env)
+      populateHadoopClasspath(conf, env)
       classpath(env) should be(
-        flatten(Fixtures.knownYARNAppCP, Client.getDefaultMRApplicationClasspath))
+        flatten(Fixtures.knownYARNAppCP, getDefaultMRApplicationClasspath))
     }
   }
 
   test("resultant classpath for an application that defines a classpath for MR") {
     withAppConf(Fixtures.mapMRAppConf) { conf =>
       val env = newEnv
-      Client.populateHadoopClasspath(conf, env)
+      populateHadoopClasspath(conf, env)
       classpath(env) should be(
-        flatten(Client.getDefaultYarnApplicationClasspath, Fixtures.knownMRAppCP))
+        flatten(getDefaultYarnApplicationClasspath, Fixtures.knownMRAppCP))
     }
   }
 
   test("resultant classpath for an application that defines both classpaths, YARN and MR") {
     withAppConf(Fixtures.mapAppConf) { conf =>
       val env = newEnv
-      Client.populateHadoopClasspath(conf, env)
+      populateHadoopClasspath(conf, env)
       classpath(env) should be(flatten(Fixtures.knownYARNAppCP, Fixtures.knownMRAppCP))
     }
   }
@@ -102,47 +104,43 @@ class ClientSuite extends SparkFunSuite with Matchers with BeforeAndAfterAll
   private val USER = "local:/userJar"
   private val ADDED = "local:/addJar1,local:/addJar2,/addJar3"
 
+  private val PWD =
+    if (classOf[Environment].getMethods().exists(_.getName == "$$")) {
+      "{{PWD}}"
+    } else if (Utils.isWindows) {
+      "%PWD%"
+    } else {
+      Environment.PWD.$()
+    }
+
   test("Local jar URIs") {
     val conf = new Configuration()
     val sparkConf = new SparkConf()
-      .set(SPARK_JAR, SPARK)
+      .set(SPARK_JARS, Seq(SPARK))
       .set(USER_CLASS_PATH_FIRST, true)
     val env = new MutableHashMap[String, String]()
     val args = new ClientArguments(Array("--jar", USER, "--addJars", ADDED), sparkConf)
 
-    Client.populateClasspath(args, conf, sparkConf, env, true)
+    populateClasspath(args, conf, sparkConf, env, true)
 
     val cp = env("CLASSPATH").split(":|;|<CPS>")
     s"$SPARK,$USER,$ADDED".split(",").foreach({ entry =>
       val uri = new URI(entry)
-      if (Client.LOCAL_SCHEME.equals(uri.getScheme())) {
+      if (LOCAL_SCHEME.equals(uri.getScheme())) {
         cp should contain (uri.getPath())
       } else {
         cp should not contain (uri.getPath())
       }
     })
-    val pwdVar =
-      if (classOf[Environment].getMethods().exists(_.getName == "$$")) {
-        "{{PWD}}"
-      } else if (Utils.isWindows) {
-        "%PWD%"
-      } else {
-        Environment.PWD.$()
-      }
-    cp should contain(pwdVar)
-    cp should contain (s"$pwdVar${Path.SEPARATOR}${Client.LOCALIZED_CONF_DIR}")
-    cp should not contain (Client.SPARK_JAR_NAME)
-    cp should not contain (Client.APP_JAR_NAME)
+    cp should contain(PWD)
+    cp should contain (s"$PWD${Path.SEPARATOR}${LOCALIZED_CONF_DIR}")
+    cp should not contain (APP_JAR)
   }
 
   test("Jar path propagation through SparkConf") {
-    val conf = new Configuration()
-    val sparkConf = new SparkConf().set(SPARK_JAR, SPARK)
-    val args = new ClientArguments(Array("--jar", USER, "--addJars", ADDED), sparkConf)
-
-    val client = spy(new Client(args, conf, sparkConf))
-    doReturn(new Path("/")).when(client).copyFileToRemote(any(classOf[Path]),
-      any(classOf[Path]), anyShort())
+    val sparkConf = new SparkConf().set(SPARK_JARS, Seq(SPARK))
+    val client = createClient(sparkConf,
+      args = Array("--jar", USER, "--addJars", ADDED))
 
     val tempDir = Utils.createTempDir()
     try {
@@ -154,7 +152,7 @@ class ClientSuite extends SparkFunSuite with Matchers with BeforeAndAfterAll
       val expected = ADDED.split(",")
         .map(p => {
           val uri = new URI(p)
-          if (Client.LOCAL_SCHEME == uri.getScheme()) {
+          if (LOCAL_SCHEME == uri.getScheme()) {
             p
           } else {
             Option(uri.getFragment()).getOrElse(new File(p).getName())
@@ -171,16 +169,16 @@ class ClientSuite extends SparkFunSuite with Matchers with BeforeAndAfterAll
   test("Cluster path translation") {
     val conf = new Configuration()
     val sparkConf = new SparkConf()
-      .set(SPARK_JAR.key, "local:/localPath/spark.jar")
+      .set(SPARK_JARS, Seq("local:/localPath/spark.jar"))
       .set(GATEWAY_ROOT_PATH, "/localPath")
       .set(REPLACEMENT_ROOT_PATH, "/remotePath")
 
-    Client.getClusterPath(sparkConf, "/localPath") should be ("/remotePath")
-    Client.getClusterPath(sparkConf, "/localPath/1:/localPath/2") should be (
+    getClusterPath(sparkConf, "/localPath") should be ("/remotePath")
+    getClusterPath(sparkConf, "/localPath/1:/localPath/2") should be (
       "/remotePath/1:/remotePath/2")
 
     val env = new MutableHashMap[String, String]()
-    Client.populateClasspath(null, conf, sparkConf, env, false,
+    populateClasspath(null, conf, sparkConf, env, false,
       extraClassPath = Some("/localPath/my1.jar"))
     val cp = classpath(env)
     cp should contain ("/remotePath/spark.jar")
@@ -220,6 +218,70 @@ class ClientSuite extends SparkFunSuite with Matchers with BeforeAndAfterAll
     appContext.getMaxAppAttempts should be (42)
   }
 
+  test("spark.yarn.jars with multiple paths and globs") {
+    val libs = Utils.createTempDir()
+    val single = Utils.createTempDir()
+    val jar1 = TestUtils.createJarWithFiles(Map(), libs)
+    val jar2 = TestUtils.createJarWithFiles(Map(), libs)
+    val jar3 = TestUtils.createJarWithFiles(Map(), single)
+    val jar4 = TestUtils.createJarWithFiles(Map(), single)
+
+    val jarsConf = Seq(
+      s"${libs.getAbsolutePath()}/*",
+      jar3.getPath(),
+      s"local:${jar4.getPath()}",
+      s"local:${single.getAbsolutePath()}/*")
+
+    val sparkConf = new SparkConf().set(SPARK_JARS, jarsConf)
+    val client = createClient(sparkConf)
+
+    val tempDir = Utils.createTempDir()
+    client.prepareLocalResources(tempDir.getAbsolutePath(), Nil)
+
+    assert(sparkConf.get(SPARK_JARS) ===
+      Some(Seq(s"local:${jar4.getPath()}", s"local:${single.getAbsolutePath()}/*")))
+
+    verify(client).copyFileToRemote(any(classOf[Path]), meq(new Path(jar1.toURI())), anyShort())
+    verify(client).copyFileToRemote(any(classOf[Path]), meq(new Path(jar2.toURI())), anyShort())
+    verify(client).copyFileToRemote(any(classOf[Path]), meq(new Path(jar3.toURI())), anyShort())
+
+    val cp = classpath(client)
+    cp should contain (buildPath(PWD, LOCALIZED_LIB_DIR, "*"))
+    cp should not contain (jar3.getPath())
+    cp should contain (jar4.getPath())
+    cp should contain (buildPath(single.getAbsolutePath(), "*"))
+  }
+
+  test("distribute jars archive") {
+    val temp = Utils.createTempDir()
+    val archive = TestUtils.createJarWithFiles(Map(), temp)
+
+    val sparkConf = new SparkConf().set(SPARK_ARCHIVE, archive.getPath())
+    val client = createClient(sparkConf)
+    client.prepareLocalResources(temp.getAbsolutePath(), Nil)
+
+    verify(client).copyFileToRemote(any(classOf[Path]), meq(new Path(archive.toURI())), anyShort())
+    classpath(client) should contain (buildPath(PWD, LOCALIZED_LIB_DIR, "*"))
+
+    sparkConf.set(SPARK_ARCHIVE, LOCAL_SCHEME + ":" + archive.getPath())
+    intercept[IllegalArgumentException] {
+      client.prepareLocalResources(temp.getAbsolutePath(), Nil)
+    }
+  }
+
+  test("distribute local spark jars") {
+    val temp = Utils.createTempDir()
+    val jarsDir = new File(temp, "lib")
+    assert(jarsDir.mkdir())
+    val jar = TestUtils.createJarWithFiles(Map(), jarsDir)
+
+    val sparkConf = new SparkConfWithEnv(Map("SPARK_HOME" -> temp.getAbsolutePath()))
+    val client = createClient(sparkConf)
+    client.prepareLocalResources(temp.getAbsolutePath(), Nil)
+    verify(client).copyFileToRemote(any(classOf[Path]), meq(new Path(jar.toURI())), anyShort())
+    classpath(client) should contain (buildPath(PWD, LOCALIZED_LIB_DIR, "*"))
+  }
+
   object Fixtures {
 
     val knownDefYarnAppCP: Seq[String] =
@@ -280,4 +342,21 @@ class ClientSuite extends SparkFunSuite with Matchers with BeforeAndAfterAll
     }.toOption.getOrElse(defaults)
   }
 
+  private def createClient(
+      sparkConf: SparkConf,
+      conf: Configuration = new Configuration(),
+      args: Array[String] = Array()): Client = {
+    val clientArgs = new ClientArguments(args, sparkConf)
+    val client = spy(new Client(clientArgs, conf, sparkConf))
+    doReturn(new Path("/")).when(client).copyFileToRemote(any(classOf[Path]),
+      any(classOf[Path]), anyShort())
+    client
+  }
+
+  private def classpath(client: Client): Array[String] = {
+    val env = new MutableHashMap[String, String]()
+    populateClasspath(null, client.hadoopConf, client.sparkConf, env, false)
+    classpath(env)
+  }
+
 }
diff --git a/yarn/src/test/scala/org/apache/spark/deploy/yarn/YarnAllocatorSuite.scala b/yarn/src/test/scala/org/apache/spark/deploy/yarn/YarnAllocatorSuite.scala
index 1dd2f93bb7..0587444a33 100644
--- a/yarn/src/test/scala/org/apache/spark/deploy/yarn/YarnAllocatorSuite.scala
+++ b/yarn/src/test/scala/org/apache/spark/deploy/yarn/YarnAllocatorSuite.scala
@@ -29,6 +29,7 @@ import org.mockito.Mockito._
 import org.scalatest.{BeforeAndAfterEach, Matchers}
 
 import org.apache.spark.{SecurityManager, SparkConf, SparkFunSuite}
+import org.apache.spark.deploy.yarn.config._
 import org.apache.spark.deploy.yarn.YarnAllocator._
 import org.apache.spark.deploy.yarn.YarnSparkHadoopUtil._
 import org.apache.spark.rpc.RpcEndpointRef
@@ -55,7 +56,7 @@ class YarnAllocatorSuite extends SparkFunSuite with Matchers with BeforeAndAfter
   val sparkConf = new SparkConf()
   sparkConf.set("spark.driver.host", "localhost")
   sparkConf.set("spark.driver.port", "4040")
-  sparkConf.set("spark.yarn.jar", "notarealjar.jar")
+  sparkConf.set(SPARK_JARS, Seq("notarealjar.jar"))
   sparkConf.set("spark.yarn.launchContainers", "false")
 
   val appAttemptId = ApplicationAttemptId.newInstance(ApplicationId.newInstance(0, 0), 0)