diff options
Diffstat (limited to 'nuttx/drivers/mtd/ramtron.c')
-rw-r--r-- | nuttx/drivers/mtd/ramtron.c | 674 |
1 files changed, 674 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/nuttx/drivers/mtd/ramtron.c b/nuttx/drivers/mtd/ramtron.c new file mode 100644 index 000000000..074545e2d --- /dev/null +++ b/nuttx/drivers/mtd/ramtron.c @@ -0,0 +1,674 @@ +/************************************************************************************ + * drivers/mtd/ramtron.c + * Driver for SPI-based RAMTRON NVRAM Devices FM25V10 and others (not tested) + * + * Copyright (C) 2011 Uros Platise. All rights reserved. + * Copyright (C) 2009-2010, 2012 Gregory Nutt. All rights reserved. + * Author: Uros Platise <uros.platise@isotel.eu> + * Gregory Nutt <gnutt@nuttx.org> + * + * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without + * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions + * are met: + * + * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright + * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. + * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright + * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in + * the documentation and/or other materials provided with the + * distribution. + * 3. Neither the name NuttX nor the names of its contributors may be + * used to endorse or promote products derived from this software + * without specific prior written permission. + * + * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS + * "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT + * LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS + * FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE + * COPYRIGHT OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, + * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, + * BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS + * OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED + * AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT + * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN + * ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE + * POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. + * + ************************************************************************************/ + +/* OPTIONS: + * - additional non-jedec standard device: FM25H20 + * must be enabled with the CONFIG_RAMTRON_FRAM_NON_JEDEC=y + * + * NOTE: + * - frequency is fixed to desired max by RAMTRON_INIT_CLK_MAX + * if new devices with different speed arrive, then SETFREQUENCY() + * needs to handle freq changes and INIT_CLK_MAX must be reduced + * to fit all devices. Note that STM32_SPI driver is prone to + * too high freq. parameters and limit it within physical constraints. + * + * TODO: + * - add support for sleep + * - add support for faster read FSTRD command + */ + +/************************************************************************************ + * Included Files + ************************************************************************************/ + +#include <nuttx/config.h> + +#include <sys/types.h> +#include <stdint.h> +#include <stdbool.h> +#include <stdlib.h> +#include <errno.h> +#include <debug.h> +#include <assert.h> + +#include <nuttx/kmalloc.h> +#include <nuttx/fs/ioctl.h> +#include <nuttx/spi.h> +#include <nuttx/mtd.h> + +/************************************************************************************ + * Pre-processor Definitions + ************************************************************************************/ + +/* RAMTRON devices are flat! + * For purpose of the VFAT file system we emulate the following configuration: + */ + +#define RAMTRON_EMULATE_SECTOR_SHIFT 9 +#define RAMTRON_EMULATE_PAGE_SHIFT 9 + +/* RAMTRON Indentification register values */ + +#define RAMTRON_MANUFACTURER 0x7F +#define RAMTRON_MEMORY_TYPE 0xC2 + +/* Instructions: + * Command Value N Description Addr Dummy Data */ +#define RAMTRON_WREN 0x06 /* 1 Write Enable 0 0 0 */ +#define RAMTRON_WRDI 0x04 /* 1 Write Disable 0 0 0 */ +#define RAMTRON_RDSR 0x05 /* 1 Read Status Register 0 0 >=1 */ +#define RAMTRON_WRSR 0x01 /* 1 Write Status Register 0 0 1 */ +#define RAMTRON_READ 0x03 /* 1 Read Data Bytes A 0 >=1 */ +#define RAMTRON_FSTRD 0x0b /* 1 Higher speed read A 1 >=1 */ +#define RAMTRON_WRITE 0x02 /* 1 Write A 0 1-256 */ +#define RAMTRON_SLEEP 0xb9 // TODO: +#define RAMTRON_RDID 0x9f /* 1 Read Identification 0 0 1-3 */ +#define RAMTRON_SN 0xc3 // TODO: + + +/* Status register bit definitions */ + +#define RAMTRON_SR_WIP (1 << 0) /* Bit 0: Write in progress bit */ +#define RAMTRON_SR_WEL (1 << 1) /* Bit 1: Write enable latch bit */ +#define RAMTRON_SR_BP_SHIFT (2) /* Bits 2-4: Block protect bits */ +#define RAMTRON_SR_BP_MASK (7 << RAMTRON_SR_BP_SHIFT) +# define RAMTRON_SR_BP_NONE (0 << RAMTRON_SR_BP_SHIFT) /* Unprotected */ +# define RAMTRON_SR_BP_UPPER64th (1 << RAMTRON_SR_BP_SHIFT) /* Upper 64th */ +# define RAMTRON_SR_BP_UPPER32nd (2 << RAMTRON_SR_BP_SHIFT) /* Upper 32nd */ +# define RAMTRON_SR_BP_UPPER16th (3 << RAMTRON_SR_BP_SHIFT) /* Upper 16th */ +# define RAMTRON_SR_BP_UPPER8th (4 << RAMTRON_SR_BP_SHIFT) /* Upper 8th */ +# define RAMTRON_SR_BP_UPPERQTR (5 << RAMTRON_SR_BP_SHIFT) /* Upper quarter */ +# define RAMTRON_SR_BP_UPPERHALF (6 << RAMTRON_SR_BP_SHIFT) /* Upper half */ +# define RAMTRON_SR_BP_ALL (7 << RAMTRON_SR_BP_SHIFT) /* All sectors */ +#define RAMTRON_SR_SRWD (1 << 7) /* Bit 7: Status register write protect */ + +#define RAMTRON_DUMMY 0xa5 + +/************************************************************************************ + * Private Types + ************************************************************************************/ + +struct ramtron_parts_s +{ + const char *name; + uint8_t id1; + uint8_t id2; + uint32_t size; + uint8_t addr_len; + uint32_t speed; +}; + +/* This type represents the state of the MTD device. The struct mtd_dev_s + * must appear at the beginning of the definition so that you can freely + * cast between pointers to struct mtd_dev_s and struct ramtron_dev_s. + */ + +struct ramtron_dev_s +{ + struct mtd_dev_s mtd; /* MTD interface */ + FAR struct spi_dev_s *dev; /* Saved SPI interface instance */ + uint8_t sectorshift; + uint8_t pageshift; + uint16_t nsectors; + uint32_t npages; + const struct ramtron_parts_s *part; /* part instance */ +}; + +/************************************************************************************ + * Supported Part Lists + ************************************************************************************/ + +// Defines the initial speed compatible with all devices. In case of RAMTRON +// the defined devices within the part list have all the same speed. +#define RAMTRON_INIT_CLK_MAX 40000000UL + +static struct ramtron_parts_s ramtron_parts[] = +{ + { + "FM25V02", /* name */ + 0x22, /* id1 */ + 0x00, /* id2 */ + 32L*1024L, /* size */ + 2, /* addr_len */ + 40000000 /* speed */ + }, + { + "FM25VN02", /* name */ + 0x22, /* id1 */ + 0x01, /* id2 */ + 32L*1024L, /* size */ + 2, /* addr_len */ + 40000000 /* speed */ + }, + { + "FM25V05", /* name */ + 0x23, /* id1 */ + 0x00, /* id2 */ + 64L*1024L, /* size */ + 2, /* addr_len */ + 40000000 /* speed */ + }, + { + "FM25VN05", /* name */ + 0x23, /* id1 */ + 0x01, /* id2 */ + 64L*1024L, /* size */ + 2, /* addr_len */ + 40000000 /* speed */ + }, + { + "FM25V10", /* name */ + 0x24, /* id1 */ + 0x00, /* id2 */ + 128L*1024L, /* size */ + 3, /* addr_len */ + 40000000 /* speed */ + }, + { + "FM25VN10", /* name */ + 0x24, /* id1 */ + 0x01, /* id2 */ + 128L*1024L, /* size */ + 3, /* addr_len */ + 40000000 /* speed */ + }, +#ifdef CONFIG_RAMTRON_FRAM_NON_JEDEC + { + "FM25H20", /* name */ + 0xff, /* id1 */ + 0xff, /* id2 */ + 256L*1024L, /* size */ + 3, /* addr_len */ + 40000000 /* speed */ + }, + { + NULL, /* name */ + 0, /* id1 */ + 0, /* id2 */ + 0, /* size */ + 0, /* addr_len */ + 0 /* speed */ + } +#endif +}; + + +/************************************************************************************ + * Private Function Prototypes + ************************************************************************************/ + +/* Helpers */ + +static void ramtron_lock(FAR struct spi_dev_s *dev); +static inline void ramtron_unlock(FAR struct spi_dev_s *dev); +static inline int ramtron_readid(struct ramtron_dev_s *priv); +static void ramtron_waitwritecomplete(struct ramtron_dev_s *priv); +static void ramtron_writeenable(struct ramtron_dev_s *priv); +static inline void ramtron_pagewrite(struct ramtron_dev_s *priv, FAR const uint8_t *buffer, + off_t offset); + +/* MTD driver methods */ + +static int ramtron_erase(FAR struct mtd_dev_s *dev, off_t startblock, size_t nblocks); +static ssize_t ramtron_bread(FAR struct mtd_dev_s *dev, off_t startblock, + size_t nblocks, FAR uint8_t *buf); +static ssize_t ramtron_bwrite(FAR struct mtd_dev_s *dev, off_t startblock, + size_t nblocks, FAR const uint8_t *buf); +static ssize_t ramtron_read(FAR struct mtd_dev_s *dev, off_t offset, size_t nbytes, + FAR uint8_t *buffer); +static int ramtron_ioctl(FAR struct mtd_dev_s *dev, int cmd, unsigned long arg); + +/************************************************************************************ + * Private Data + ************************************************************************************/ + +/************************************************************************************ + * Private Functions + ************************************************************************************/ + +/************************************************************************************ + * Name: ramtron_lock + ************************************************************************************/ + +static void ramtron_lock(FAR struct spi_dev_s *dev) +{ + /* On SPI busses where there are multiple devices, it will be necessary to + * lock SPI to have exclusive access to the busses for a sequence of + * transfers. The bus should be locked before the chip is selected. + * + * This is a blocking call and will not return until we have exclusiv access to + * the SPI buss. We will retain that exclusive access until the bus is unlocked. + */ + + (void)SPI_LOCK(dev, true); + + /* After locking the SPI bus, the we also need call the setfrequency, setbits, and + * setmode methods to make sure that the SPI is properly configured for the device. + * If the SPI buss is being shared, then it may have been left in an incompatible + * state. + */ + + SPI_SETMODE(dev, SPIDEV_MODE3); + SPI_SETBITS(dev, 8); + + (void)SPI_SETFREQUENCY(dev, RAMTRON_INIT_CLK_MAX); +} + +/************************************************************************************ + * Name: ramtron_unlock + ************************************************************************************/ + +static inline void ramtron_unlock(FAR struct spi_dev_s *dev) +{ + (void)SPI_LOCK(dev, false); +} + +/************************************************************************************ + * Name: ramtron_readid + ************************************************************************************/ + +static inline int ramtron_readid(struct ramtron_dev_s *priv) +{ + uint16_t manufacturer, memory, capacity, part; + int i; + + fvdbg("priv: %p\n", priv); + + /* Lock the SPI bus, configure the bus, and select this FLASH part. */ + + ramtron_lock(priv->dev); + SPI_SELECT(priv->dev, SPIDEV_FLASH, true); + + /* Send the "Read ID (RDID)" command and read the first three ID bytes */ + + (void)SPI_SEND(priv->dev, RAMTRON_RDID); + for (i=0; i<6; i++) manufacturer = SPI_SEND(priv->dev, RAMTRON_DUMMY); + memory = SPI_SEND(priv->dev, RAMTRON_DUMMY); + capacity = SPI_SEND(priv->dev, RAMTRON_DUMMY); // fram.id1 + part = SPI_SEND(priv->dev, RAMTRON_DUMMY); // fram.id2 + + /* Deselect the FLASH and unlock the bus */ + + SPI_SELECT(priv->dev, SPIDEV_FLASH, false); + ramtron_unlock(priv->dev); + + // Select part from the part list + for (priv->part = ramtron_parts; + priv->part->name != NULL && !(priv->part->id1 == capacity && priv->part->id2 == part); + priv->part++); + + if (priv->part->name) { + fvdbg("RAMTRON %s of size %d bytes (mf:%02x mem:%02x cap:%02x part:%02x)\n", + priv->part->name, priv->part->size, manufacturer, memory, capacity, part); + + priv->sectorshift = RAMTRON_EMULATE_SECTOR_SHIFT; + priv->nsectors = priv->part->size / (1 << RAMTRON_EMULATE_SECTOR_SHIFT); + priv->pageshift = RAMTRON_EMULATE_PAGE_SHIFT; + priv->npages = priv->part->size / (1 << RAMTRON_EMULATE_PAGE_SHIFT); + return OK; + } + + fvdbg("RAMTRON device not found\n"); + return -ENODEV; +} + +/************************************************************************************ + * Name: ramtron_waitwritecomplete + ************************************************************************************/ + +static void ramtron_waitwritecomplete(struct ramtron_dev_s *priv) +{ + uint8_t status; + + /* Select this FLASH part */ + + SPI_SELECT(priv->dev, SPIDEV_FLASH, true); + + /* Send "Read Status Register (RDSR)" command */ + + (void)SPI_SEND(priv->dev, RAMTRON_RDSR); + + /* Loop as long as the memory is busy with a write cycle */ + + do + { + /* Send a dummy byte to generate the clock needed to shift out the status */ + + status = SPI_SEND(priv->dev, RAMTRON_DUMMY); + } + while ((status & RAMTRON_SR_WIP) != 0); + + /* Deselect the FLASH */ + + SPI_SELECT(priv->dev, SPIDEV_FLASH, false); + fvdbg("Complete\n"); +} + +/************************************************************************************ + * Name: ramtron_writeenable + ************************************************************************************/ + +static void ramtron_writeenable(struct ramtron_dev_s *priv) +{ + /* Select this FLASH part */ + + SPI_SELECT(priv->dev, SPIDEV_FLASH, true); + + /* Send "Write Enable (WREN)" command */ + + (void)SPI_SEND(priv->dev, RAMTRON_WREN); + + /* Deselect the FLASH */ + + SPI_SELECT(priv->dev, SPIDEV_FLASH, false); + fvdbg("Enabled\n"); +} + +/************************************************************************************ + * Name: ramtron_sendaddr + ************************************************************************************/ + +static inline void ramtron_sendaddr(const struct ramtron_dev_s *priv, uint32_t addr) +{ + DEBUGASSERT(priv->part->addr_len == 3 || priv->part->addr_len == 2); + + if (priv->part->addr_len == 3) + (void)SPI_SEND(priv->dev, (addr >> 16) & 0xff); + + (void)SPI_SEND(priv->dev, (addr >> 8) & 0xff); + (void)SPI_SEND(priv->dev, addr & 0xff); +} + +/************************************************************************************ + * Name: ramtron_pagewrite + ************************************************************************************/ + +static inline void ramtron_pagewrite(struct ramtron_dev_s *priv, FAR const uint8_t *buffer, + off_t page) +{ + off_t offset = page << priv->pageshift; + + fvdbg("page: %08lx offset: %08lx\n", (long)page, (long)offset); + + /* Wait for any preceding write to complete. We could simplify things by + * perform this wait at the end of each write operation (rather than at + * the beginning of ALL operations), but have the wait first will slightly + * improve performance. + */ + + ramtron_waitwritecomplete(priv); + + /* Enable the write access to the FLASH */ + + ramtron_writeenable(priv); + + /* Select this FLASH part */ + + SPI_SELECT(priv->dev, SPIDEV_FLASH, true); + + /* Send "Page Program (PP)" command */ + + (void)SPI_SEND(priv->dev, RAMTRON_WRITE); + + /* Send the page offset high byte first. */ + + ramtron_sendaddr(priv, offset); + + /* Then write the specified number of bytes */ + + SPI_SNDBLOCK(priv->dev, buffer, 1 << priv->pageshift); + + /* Deselect the FLASH: Chip Select high */ + + SPI_SELECT(priv->dev, SPIDEV_FLASH, false); + fvdbg("Written\n"); +} + +/************************************************************************************ + * Name: ramtron_erase + ************************************************************************************/ + +static int ramtron_erase(FAR struct mtd_dev_s *dev, off_t startblock, size_t nblocks) +{ + fvdbg("startblock: %08lx nblocks: %d\n", (long)startblock, (int)nblocks); + fvdbg("On RAMTRON devices erasing makes no sense, returning as OK\n"); + return (int)nblocks; +} + +/************************************************************************************ + * Name: ramtron_bread + ************************************************************************************/ + +static ssize_t ramtron_bread(FAR struct mtd_dev_s *dev, off_t startblock, size_t nblocks, + FAR uint8_t *buffer) +{ + FAR struct ramtron_dev_s *priv = (FAR struct ramtron_dev_s *)dev; + ssize_t nbytes; + + fvdbg("startblock: %08lx nblocks: %d\n", (long)startblock, (int)nblocks); + + /* On this device, we can handle the block read just like the byte-oriented read */ + + nbytes = ramtron_read(dev, startblock << priv->pageshift, nblocks << priv->pageshift, buffer); + if (nbytes > 0) + { + return nbytes >> priv->pageshift; + } + return (int)nbytes; +} + +/************************************************************************************ + * Name: ramtron_bwrite + ************************************************************************************/ + +static ssize_t ramtron_bwrite(FAR struct mtd_dev_s *dev, off_t startblock, size_t nblocks, + FAR const uint8_t *buffer) +{ + FAR struct ramtron_dev_s *priv = (FAR struct ramtron_dev_s *)dev; + size_t blocksleft = nblocks; + + fvdbg("startblock: %08lx nblocks: %d\n", (long)startblock, (int)nblocks); + + /* Lock the SPI bus and write each page to FLASH */ + + ramtron_lock(priv->dev); + while (blocksleft-- > 0) + { + ramtron_pagewrite(priv, buffer, startblock); + startblock++; + } + ramtron_unlock(priv->dev); + + return nblocks; +} + +/************************************************************************************ + * Name: ramtron_read + ************************************************************************************/ + +static ssize_t ramtron_read(FAR struct mtd_dev_s *dev, off_t offset, size_t nbytes, + FAR uint8_t *buffer) +{ + FAR struct ramtron_dev_s *priv = (FAR struct ramtron_dev_s *)dev; + + fvdbg("offset: %08lx nbytes: %d\n", (long)offset, (int)nbytes); + + /* Wait for any preceding write to complete. We could simplify things by + * perform this wait at the end of each write operation (rather than at + * the beginning of ALL operations), but have the wait first will slightly + * improve performance. + */ + + ramtron_waitwritecomplete(priv); + + /* Lock the SPI bus and select this FLASH part */ + + ramtron_lock(priv->dev); + SPI_SELECT(priv->dev, SPIDEV_FLASH, true); + + /* Send "Read from Memory " instruction */ + + (void)SPI_SEND(priv->dev, RAMTRON_READ); + + /* Send the page offset high byte first. */ + + ramtron_sendaddr(priv, offset); + + /* Then read all of the requested bytes */ + + SPI_RECVBLOCK(priv->dev, buffer, nbytes); + + /* Deselect the FLASH and unlock the SPI bus */ + + SPI_SELECT(priv->dev, SPIDEV_FLASH, false); + ramtron_unlock(priv->dev); + fvdbg("return nbytes: %d\n", (int)nbytes); + return nbytes; +} + +/************************************************************************************ + * Name: ramtron_ioctl + ************************************************************************************/ + +static int ramtron_ioctl(FAR struct mtd_dev_s *dev, int cmd, unsigned long arg) +{ + FAR struct ramtron_dev_s *priv = (FAR struct ramtron_dev_s *)dev; + int ret = -EINVAL; /* Assume good command with bad parameters */ + + fvdbg("cmd: %d \n", cmd); + + switch (cmd) + { + case MTDIOC_GEOMETRY: + { + FAR struct mtd_geometry_s *geo = (FAR struct mtd_geometry_s *)((uintptr_t)arg); + if (geo) + { + /* Populate the geometry structure with information need to know + * the capacity and how to access the device. + * + * NOTE: that the device is treated as though it where just an array + * of fixed size blocks. That is most likely not true, but the client + * will expect the device logic to do whatever is necessary to make it + * appear so. + */ + + geo->blocksize = (1 << priv->pageshift); + geo->erasesize = (1 << priv->sectorshift); + geo->neraseblocks = priv->nsectors; + ret = OK; + + fvdbg("blocksize: %d erasesize: %d neraseblocks: %d\n", + geo->blocksize, geo->erasesize, geo->neraseblocks); + } + } + break; + + case MTDIOC_BULKERASE: + fvdbg("BULDERASE: Makes no sense in ramtron. Let's confirm operation as OK\n"); + ret = OK; + break; + + case MTDIOC_XIPBASE: + default: + ret = -ENOTTY; /* Bad command */ + break; + } + + fvdbg("return %d\n", ret); + return ret; +} + +/************************************************************************************ + * Public Functions + ************************************************************************************/ + +/************************************************************************************ + * Name: ramtron_initialize + * + * Description: + * Create an initialize MTD device instance. MTD devices are not registered + * in the file system, but are created as instances that can be bound to + * other functions (such as a block or character driver front end). + * + ************************************************************************************/ + +FAR struct mtd_dev_s *ramtron_initialize(FAR struct spi_dev_s *dev) +{ + FAR struct ramtron_dev_s *priv; + + fvdbg("dev: %p\n", dev); + + /* Allocate a state structure (we allocate the structure instead of using + * a fixed, static allocation so that we can handle multiple FLASH devices. + * The current implementation would handle only one FLASH part per SPI + * device (only because of the SPIDEV_FLASH definition) and so would have + * to be extended to handle multiple FLASH parts on the same SPI bus. + */ + + priv = (FAR struct ramtron_dev_s *)kmalloc(sizeof(struct ramtron_dev_s)); + if (priv) + { + /* Initialize the allocated structure */ + + priv->mtd.erase = ramtron_erase; + priv->mtd.bread = ramtron_bread; + priv->mtd.bwrite = ramtron_bwrite; + priv->mtd.read = ramtron_read; + priv->mtd.ioctl = ramtron_ioctl; + priv->dev = dev; + + /* Deselect the FLASH */ + + SPI_SELECT(dev, SPIDEV_FLASH, false); + + /* Identify the FLASH chip and get its capacity */ + + if (ramtron_readid(priv) != OK) + { + /* Unrecognized! Discard all of that work we just did and return NULL */ + kfree(priv); + priv = NULL; + } + } + + /* Return the implementation-specific state structure as the MTD device */ + + fvdbg("Return %p\n", priv); + return (FAR struct mtd_dev_s *)priv; +} |