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|
# GDB/Python functions for dealing with NuttX
from __future__ import print_function
import gdb, gdb.types
parse_int = lambda x: int(str(x), 0)
class NX_register_set(object):
"""Copy of the registers for a given context"""
v7_regmap = {
'R13': 0,
'SP': 0,
'PRIORITY': 1,
'R4': 2,
'R5': 3,
'R6': 4,
'R7': 5,
'R8': 6,
'R9': 7,
'R10': 8,
'R11': 9,
'EXC_RETURN': 10,
'R0': 11,
'R1': 12,
'R2': 13,
'R3': 14,
'R12': 15,
'R14': 16,
'LR': 16,
'R15': 17,
'PC': 17,
'XPSR': 18,
}
v7em_regmap = {
'R13': 0,
'SP': 0,
'PRIORITY': 1,
'R4': 2,
'R5': 3,
'R6': 4,
'R7': 5,
'R8': 6,
'R9': 7,
'R10': 8,
'R11': 9,
'EXC_RETURN': 10,
'R0': 27,
'R1': 28,
'R2': 29,
'R3': 30,
'R12': 31,
'R14': 32,
'LR': 32,
'R15': 33,
'PC': 33,
'XPSR': 34,
}
regs = dict()
def __init__(self, xcpt_regs):
if xcpt_regs is None:
self.regs['R0'] = self.mon_reg_call('r0')
self.regs['R1'] = self.mon_reg_call('r1')
self.regs['R2'] = self.mon_reg_call('r2')
self.regs['R3'] = self.mon_reg_call('r3')
self.regs['R4'] = self.mon_reg_call('r4')
self.regs['R5'] = self.mon_reg_call('r5')
self.regs['R6'] = self.mon_reg_call('r6')
self.regs['R7'] = self.mon_reg_call('r7')
self.regs['R8'] = self.mon_reg_call('r8')
self.regs['R9'] = self.mon_reg_call('r9')
self.regs['R10'] = self.mon_reg_call('r10')
self.regs['R11'] = self.mon_reg_call('r11')
self.regs['R12'] = self.mon_reg_call('r12')
self.regs['R13'] = self.mon_reg_call('r13')
self.regs['SP'] = self.mon_reg_call('sp')
self.regs['R14'] = self.mon_reg_call('r14')
self.regs['LR'] = self.mon_reg_call('lr')
self.regs['R15'] = self.mon_reg_call('r15')
self.regs['PC'] = self.mon_reg_call('pc')
self.regs['XPSR'] = self.mon_reg_call('xPSR')
else:
for key in self.v7em_regmap.keys():
self.regs[key] = int(xcpt_regs[self.v7em_regmap[key]])
def mon_reg_call(self,register):
"""
register is the register as a string e.g. 'pc'
return integer containing the value of the register
"""
str_to_eval = "mon reg "+register
resp = gdb.execute(str_to_eval,to_string = True)
content = resp.split()[-1];
try:
return int(content,16)
except:
return 0
@classmethod
def with_xcpt_regs(cls, xcpt_regs):
return cls(xcpt_regs)
@classmethod
def for_current(cls):
return cls(None)
def __format__(self, format_spec):
return format_spec.format(
registers = self.registers
)
@property
def registers(self):
return self.regs
class NX_task(object):
"""Reference to a NuttX task and methods for introspecting it"""
def __init__(self, tcb_ptr):
self._tcb = tcb_ptr.dereference()
self._group = self._tcb['group'].dereference()
self.pid = tcb_ptr['pid']
@classmethod
def for_tcb(cls, tcb):
"""return a task with the given TCB pointer"""
pidhash_sym = gdb.lookup_global_symbol('g_pidhash')
pidhash_value = pidhash_sym.value()
pidhash_type = pidhash_sym.type
for i in range(pidhash_type.range()[0],pidhash_type.range()[1]):
pidhash_entry = pidhash_value[i]
if pidhash_entry['tcb'] == tcb:
return cls(pidhash_entry['tcb'])
return None
@classmethod
def for_pid(cls, pid):
"""return a task for the given PID"""
pidhash_sym = gdb.lookup_global_symbol('g_pidhash')
pidhash_value = pidhash_sym.value()
pidhash_type = pidhash_sym.type
for i in range(pidhash_type.range()[0],pidhash_type.range()[1]):
pidhash_entry = pidhash_value[i]
if pidhash_entry['pid'] == pid:
return cls(pidhash_entry['tcb'])
return None
@staticmethod
def pids():
"""return a list of all PIDs"""
pidhash_sym = gdb.lookup_global_symbol('g_pidhash')
pidhash_value = pidhash_sym.value()
pidhash_type = pidhash_sym.type
result = []
for i in range(pidhash_type.range()[0],pidhash_type.range()[1]):
entry = pidhash_value[i]
pid = parse_int(entry['pid'])
if pid is not -1:
result.append(pid)
return result
@staticmethod
def tasks():
"""return a list of all tasks"""
tasks = []
for pid in NX_task.pids():
tasks.append(NX_task.for_pid(pid))
return tasks
def _state_is(self, state):
"""tests the current state of the task against the passed-in state name"""
statenames = gdb.types.make_enum_dict(gdb.lookup_type('enum tstate_e'))
if self._tcb['task_state'] == statenames[state]:
return True
return False
@property
def stack_used(self):
"""calculate the stack used by the thread"""
if 'stack_used' not in self.__dict__:
stack_base = self._tcb['stack_alloc_ptr'].cast(gdb.lookup_type('unsigned char').pointer())
if stack_base == 0:
self.__dict__['stack_used'] = 0
else:
stack_limit = self._tcb['adj_stack_size']
for offset in range(0, parse_int(stack_limit)):
if stack_base[offset] != 0xff:
break
self.__dict__['stack_used'] = stack_limit - offset
return self.__dict__['stack_used']
@property
def name(self):
"""return the task's name"""
return self._tcb['name'].string()
@property
def state(self):
"""return the name of the task's current state"""
statenames = gdb.types.make_enum_dict(gdb.lookup_type('enum tstate_e'))
for name,value in statenames.items():
if value == self._tcb['task_state']:
return name
return 'UNKNOWN'
@property
def waiting_for(self):
"""return a description of what the task is waiting for, if it is waiting"""
if self._state_is('TSTATE_WAIT_SEM'):
try:
waitsem = self._tcb['waitsem'].dereference()
waitsem_holder = waitsem['holder']
holder = NX_task.for_tcb(waitsem_holder['htcb'])
if holder is not None:
return '{}({})'.format(waitsem.address, holder.name)
else:
return '{}(<bad holder>)'.format(waitsem.address)
except:
return 'EXCEPTION'
if self._state_is('TSTATE_WAIT_SIG'):
return 'signal'
return ""
@property
def is_waiting(self):
"""tests whether the task is waiting for something"""
if self._state_is('TSTATE_WAIT_SEM') or self._state_is('TSTATE_WAIT_SIG'):
return True
@property
def is_runnable(self):
"""tests whether the task is runnable"""
if (self._state_is('TSTATE_TASK_PENDING') or
self._state_is('TSTATE_TASK_READYTORUN') or
self._state_is('TSTATE_TASK_RUNNING')):
return True
return False
@property
def file_descriptors(self):
"""return a dictionary of file descriptors and inode pointers"""
filelist = self._group['tg_filelist']
filearray = filelist['fl_files']
result = dict()
for i in range(filearray.type.range()[0],filearray.type.range()[1]):
inode = parse_int(filearray[i]['f_inode'])
if inode != 0:
result[i] = inode
return result
@property
def registers(self):
if 'registers' not in self.__dict__:
registers = dict()
if self._state_is('TSTATE_TASK_RUNNING'):
registers = NX_register_set.for_current().registers
else:
context = self._tcb['xcp']
regs = context['regs']
registers = NX_register_set.with_xcpt_regs(regs).registers
self.__dict__['registers'] = registers
return self.__dict__['registers']
def __repr__(self):
return "<NX_task {}>".format(self.pid)
def __str__(self):
return "{}:{}".format(self.pid, self.name)
def showoff(self):
print("-------")
print(self.pid,end = ", ")
print(self.name,end = ", ")
print(self.state,end = ", ")
print(self.waiting_for,end = ", ")
print(self.stack_used,end = ", ")
print(self._tcb['adj_stack_size'],end = ", ")
print(self.file_descriptors)
print(self.registers)
def __format__(self, format_spec):
return format_spec.format(
pid = self.pid,
name = self.name,
state = self.state,
waiting_for = self.waiting_for,
stack_used = self.stack_used,
stack_limit = self._tcb['adj_stack_size'],
file_descriptors = self.file_descriptors,
registers = self.registers
)
class NX_show_task (gdb.Command):
"""(NuttX) prints information about a task"""
def __init__(self):
super(NX_show_task, self).__init__("show task", gdb.COMMAND_USER)
def invoke(self, arg, from_tty):
t = NX_task.for_pid(parse_int(arg))
if t is not None:
my_fmt = 'PID:{pid} name:{name} state:{state}\n'
my_fmt += ' stack used {stack_used} of {stack_limit}\n'
if t.is_waiting:
my_fmt += ' waiting for {waiting_for}\n'
my_fmt += ' open files: {file_descriptors}\n'
my_fmt += ' R0 {registers[R0]:#010x} {registers[R1]:#010x} {registers[R2]:#010x} {registers[R3]:#010x}\n'
my_fmt += ' R4 {registers[R4]:#010x} {registers[R5]:#010x} {registers[R6]:#010x} {registers[R7]:#010x}\n'
my_fmt += ' R8 {registers[R8]:#010x} {registers[R9]:#010x} {registers[R10]:#010x} {registers[R11]:#010x}\n'
my_fmt += ' R12 {registers[PC]:#010x}\n'
my_fmt += ' SP {registers[SP]:#010x} LR {registers[LR]:#010x} PC {registers[PC]:#010x} XPSR {registers[XPSR]:#010x}\n'
print(format(t, my_fmt))
class NX_show_tasks (gdb.Command):
"""(NuttX) prints a list of tasks"""
def __init__(self):
super(NX_show_tasks, self).__init__('show tasks', gdb.COMMAND_USER)
def invoke(self, args, from_tty):
tasks = NX_task.tasks()
print ('Number of tasks: ' + str(len(tasks)))
for t in tasks:
#t.showoff()
print(format(t, 'Task: {pid} {name} {state} {stack_used}/{stack_limit}'))
NX_show_task()
NX_show_tasks()
class NX_show_heap (gdb.Command):
"""(NuttX) prints the heap"""
def __init__(self):
super(NX_show_heap, self).__init__('show heap', gdb.COMMAND_USER)
struct_mm_allocnode_s = gdb.lookup_type('struct mm_allocnode_s')
preceding_size = struct_mm_allocnode_s['preceding'].type.sizeof
if preceding_size == 2:
self._allocflag = 0x8000
elif preceding_size == 4:
self._allocflag = 0x80000000
else:
raise gdb.GdbError('invalid mm_allocnode_s.preceding size %u' % preceding_size)
self._allocnodesize = struct_mm_allocnode_s.sizeof
def _node_allocated(self, allocnode):
if allocnode['preceding'] & self._allocflag:
return True
return False
def _node_size(self, allocnode):
return allocnode['size'] & ~self._allocflag
def _print_allocations(self, region_start, region_end):
if region_start >= region_end:
raise gdb.GdbError('heap region {} corrupt'.format(hex(region_start)))
nodecount = region_end - region_start
print ('heap {} - {}'.format(region_start, region_end))
cursor = 1
while cursor < nodecount:
allocnode = region_start[cursor]
if self._node_allocated(allocnode):
state = ''
else:
state = '(free)'
print( ' {} {} {}'.format(allocnode.address + self._allocnodesize,
self._node_size(allocnode), state))
cursor += self._node_size(allocnode) / self._allocnodesize
def invoke(self, args, from_tty):
heap = gdb.lookup_global_symbol('g_mmheap').value()
nregions = heap['mm_nregions']
region_starts = heap['mm_heapstart']
region_ends = heap['mm_heapend']
print( '{} heap(s)'.format(nregions))
# walk the heaps
for i in range(0, nregions):
self._print_allocations(region_starts[i], region_ends[i])
NX_show_heap()
class NX_show_interrupted_thread (gdb.Command):
"""(NuttX) prints the register state of an interrupted thread when in interrupt/exception context"""
def __init__(self):
super(NX_show_interrupted_thread, self).__init__('show interrupted-thread', gdb.COMMAND_USER)
def invoke(self, args, from_tty):
regs = gdb.lookup_global_symbol('current_regs').value()
if regs is 0:
raise gdb.GdbError('not in interrupt context')
else:
registers = NX_register_set.with_xcpt_regs(regs)
my_fmt = ''
my_fmt += ' R0 {registers[R0]:#010x} {registers[R1]:#010x} {registers[R2]:#010x} {registers[R3]:#010x}\n'
my_fmt += ' R4 {registers[R4]:#010x} {registers[R5]:#010x} {registers[R6]:#010x} {registers[R7]:#010x}\n'
my_fmt += ' R8 {registers[R8]:#010x} {registers[R9]:#010x} {registers[R10]:#010x} {registers[R11]:#010x}\n'
my_fmt += ' R12 {registers[PC]:#010x}\n'
my_fmt += ' SP {registers[SP]:#010x} LR {registers[LR]:#010x} PC {registers[PC]:#010x} XPSR {registers[XPSR]:#010x}\n'
print (format(registers, my_fmt))
NX_show_interrupted_thread()
class NX_check_tcb(gdb.Command):
""" check the tcb of a task from a address """
def __init__(self):
super(NX_check_tcb,self).__init__('show tcb', gdb.COMMAND_USER)
def invoke(self,args,sth):
tasks = NX_task.tasks()
print("tcb int: ",int(args))
print(tasks[int(args)]._tcb)
a =tasks[int(args)]._tcb['xcp']['regs']
print("relevant registers:")
for reg in regmap:
hex_addr= hex(int(a[regmap[reg]]))
eval_string = 'info line *'+str(hex_addr)
print(reg,": ",hex_addr,)
NX_check_tcb()
class NX_tcb(object):
def __init__(self):
pass
def is_in(self,arg,list):
for i in list:
if arg == i:
return True;
return False
def find_tcb_list(self,dq_entry_t):
tcb_list = []
tcb_ptr = dq_entry_t.cast(gdb.lookup_type('struct tcb_s').pointer())
first_tcb = tcb_ptr.dereference()
tcb_list.append(first_tcb);
next_tcb = first_tcb['flink'].dereference()
while not self.is_in(parse_int(next_tcb['pid']),[parse_int(t['pid']) for t in tcb_list]):
tcb_list.append(next_tcb);
old_tcb = next_tcb;
next_tcb = old_tcb['flink'].dereference()
return [t for t in tcb_list if parse_int(t['pid'])<2000]
def getTCB(self):
list_of_listsnames = ['g_pendingtasks','g_readytorun','g_waitingforsemaphore','g_waitingforsignal','g_inactivetasks']
tcb_list = [];
for l in list_of_listsnames:
li = gdb.lookup_global_symbol(l)
print(li)
cursor = li.value()['head']
tcb_list = tcb_list + self.find_tcb_list(cursor)
class NX_check_stack_order(gdb.Command):
""" Check the Stack order corresponding to the tasks """
def __init__(self):
super(NX_check_stack_order,self).__init__('show check_stack', gdb.COMMAND_USER)
def is_in(self,arg,list):
for i in list:
if arg == i:
return True;
return False
def find_tcb_list(self,dq_entry_t):
tcb_list = []
tcb_ptr = dq_entry_t.cast(gdb.lookup_type('struct tcb_s').pointer())
first_tcb = tcb_ptr.dereference()
tcb_list.append(first_tcb);
next_tcb = first_tcb['flink'].dereference()
while not self.is_in(parse_int(next_tcb['pid']),[parse_int(t['pid']) for t in tcb_list]):
tcb_list.append(next_tcb);
old_tcb = next_tcb;
next_tcb = old_tcb['flink'].dereference()
return [t for t in tcb_list if parse_int(t['pid'])<2000]
def getTCB(self):
list_of_listsnames = ['g_pendingtasks','g_readytorun','g_waitingforsemaphore','g_waitingforsignal','g_inactivetasks']
tcb_list = [];
for l in list_of_listsnames:
li = gdb.lookup_global_symbol(l)
cursor = li.value()['head']
tcb_list = tcb_list + self.find_tcb_list(cursor)
return tcb_list
def getSPfromTask(self,tcb):
regmap = NX_register_set.v7em_regmap
a =tcb['xcp']['regs']
return parse_int(a[regmap['SP']])
def find_closest(self,list,val):
tmp_list = [abs(i-val) for i in list]
tmp_min = min(tmp_list)
idx = tmp_list.index(tmp_min)
return idx,list[idx]
def find_next_stack(self,address,_dict_in):
add_list = []
name_list = []
for key in _dict_in.keys():
for i in range(3):
if _dict_in[key][i] < address:
add_list.append(_dict_in[key][i])
if i == 2: # the last one is the processes stack pointer
name_list.append(self.check_name(key)+"_SP")
else:
name_list.append(self.check_name(key))
idx,new_address = self.find_closest(add_list,address)
return new_address,name_list[idx]
def check_name(self,name):
if isinstance(name,(list)):
name = name[0];
idx = name.find("\\")
newname = name[:idx]
return newname
def invoke(self,args,sth):
tcb = self.getTCB();
stackadresses={};
for t in tcb:
p = [];
#print(t.name,t._tcb['stack_alloc_ptr'])
p.append(parse_int(t['stack_alloc_ptr']))
p.append(parse_int(t['adj_stack_ptr']))
p.append(self.getSPfromTask(t))
stackadresses[str(t['name'])] = p;
address = int("0x30000000",0)
print("stack address : process")
for i in range(len(stackadresses)*3):
address,name = self.find_next_stack(address,stackadresses)
print(hex(address),": ",name)
NX_check_stack_order()
class NX_run_debug_util(gdb.Command):
""" show the registers of a task corresponding to a tcb address"""
def __init__(self):
super(NX_run_debug_util,self).__init__('show regs', gdb.COMMAND_USER)
def printRegisters(self,task):
regmap = NX_register_set.v7em_regmap
a =task._tcb['xcp']['regs']
print("relevant registers in ",task.name,":")
for reg in regmap:
hex_addr= hex(int(a[regmap[reg]]))
eval_string = 'info line *'+str(hex_addr)
print(reg,": ",hex_addr,)
def getPCfromTask(self,task):
regmap = NX_register_set.v7em_regmap
a =task._tcb['xcp']['regs']
return hex(int(a[regmap['PC']]))
def invoke(self,args,sth):
tasks = NX_task.tasks()
if args == '':
for t in tasks:
self.printRegisters(t)
eval_str = "list *"+str(self.getPCfromTask(t))
print("this is the location in code where the current threads $pc is:")
gdb.execute(eval_str)
else:
tcb_nr = int(args);
print("tcb_nr = ",tcb_nr)
t = tasks[tcb_nr]
self.printRegisters(t)
eval_str = "list *"+str(self.getPCfromTask(t))
print("this is the location in code where the current threads $pc is:")
gdb.execute(eval_str)
NX_run_debug_util()
class NX_search_tcb(gdb.Command):
""" shot PID's of all running tasks """
def __init__(self):
super(NX_search_tcb,self).__init__('show alltcb', gdb.COMMAND_USER)
def is_in(self,arg,list):
for i in list:
if arg == i:
return True;
return False
def find_tcb_list(self,dq_entry_t):
tcb_list = []
tcb_ptr = dq_entry_t.cast(gdb.lookup_type('struct tcb_s').pointer())
first_tcb = tcb_ptr.dereference()
tcb_list.append(first_tcb);
next_tcb = first_tcb['flink'].dereference()
while not self.is_in(parse_int(next_tcb['pid']),[parse_int(t['pid']) for t in tcb_list]):
tcb_list.append(next_tcb);
old_tcb = next_tcb;
next_tcb = old_tcb['flink'].dereference()
return [t for t in tcb_list if parse_int(t['pid'])<2000]
def invoke(self,args,sth):
list_of_listsnames = ['g_pendingtasks','g_readytorun','g_waitingforsemaphore','g_waitingforsignal','g_inactivetasks']
tasks = [];
for l in list_of_listsnames:
li = gdb.lookup_global_symbol(l)
cursor = li.value()['head']
tasks = tasks + self.find_tcb_list(cursor)
# filter for tasks that are listed twice
tasks_filt = {}
for t in tasks:
pid = parse_int(t['pid']);
if not pid in tasks_filt.keys():
tasks_filt[pid] = t['name'];
print('{num_t} Tasks found:'.format(num_t = len(tasks_filt)))
for pid in tasks_filt.keys():
print("PID: ",pid," ",tasks_filt[pid])
NX_search_tcb()
class NX_my_bt(gdb.Command):
""" 'fake' backtrace: backtrace the stack of a process and check every suspicious address for the list
arg: tcb_address$
(can easily be found by typing 'showtask').
"""
def __init__(self):
super(NX_my_bt,self).__init__('show mybt', gdb.COMMAND_USER)
def readmem(self,addr):
'''
read memory at addr and return nr
'''
str_to_eval = "x/x "+hex(addr)
resp = gdb.execute(str_to_eval,to_string = True)
idx = resp.find('\t')
return int(resp[idx:],16)
def is_in_bounds(self,val):
lower_bound = int("08004000",16)
upper_bound = int("080ae0c0",16);
#print(lower_bound," ",val," ",upper_bound)
if val>lower_bound and val<upper_bound:
return True;
else:
return False;
def get_tcb_from_address(self,addr):
addr_value = gdb.Value(addr)
tcb_ptr = addr_value.cast(gdb.lookup_type('struct tcb_s').pointer())
return tcb_ptr.dereference()
def print_instruction_at(self,addr,stack_percentage):
gdb.write(str(round(stack_percentage,2))+":")
str_to_eval = "info line *"+hex(addr)
#gdb.execute(str_to_eval)
res = gdb.execute(str_to_eval,to_string = True)
# get information from results string:
words = res.split()
valid = False
if words[0] == 'No':
#no line info...
pass
else:
valid = True
line = int(words[1])
idx = words[3].rfind("/"); #find first backslash
if idx>0:
name = words[3][idx+1:];
path = words[3][:idx];
else:
name = words[3];
path = "";
block = gdb.block_for_pc(addr)
func = block.function
if str(func) == "None":
func = block.superblock.function
if valid:
print("Line: ",line," in ",path,"/",name,"in ",func)
return name,path,line,func
def invoke(self,args,sth):
try:
addr_dec = parse_int(args) # Trying to interpret the input as TCB address
except ValueError:
for task in NX_task.tasks(): # Interpreting as a task name
if task.name == args:
_tcb = task._tcb
break
else:
_tcb = self.get_tcb_from_address(addr_dec)
print("found task with PID: ",_tcb["pid"])
up_stack = parse_int(_tcb['adj_stack_ptr'])
curr_sp = parse_int(_tcb['xcp']['regs'][0]) #curr stack pointer
other_sp = parse_int(_tcb['xcp']['regs'][8]) # other stack pointer
stacksize = parse_int(_tcb['adj_stack_size']) # other stack pointer
print("tasks current SP = ",hex(curr_sp),"stack max ptr is at ",hex(up_stack))
if curr_sp == up_stack:
sp = other_sp
else:
sp = curr_sp;
while(sp < up_stack):
mem = self.readmem(sp)
#print(hex(sp)," : ",hex(mem))
if self.is_in_bounds(mem):
# this is a potential instruction ptr
stack_percentage = (up_stack-sp)/stacksize
name,path,line,func = self.print_instruction_at(mem,stack_percentage)
sp = sp + 4; # jump up one word
NX_my_bt()
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