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+/************************************************************************
+ * up_initialstate.c
+ *
+ * Copyright (C) 2007, 2009 Gregory Nutt. All rights reserved.
+ * Author: Gregory Nutt <gnutt@nuttx.org>
+ *
+ * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+ * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
+ * are met:
+ *
+ * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+ * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+ * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
+ * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in
+ * the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
+ * distribution.
+ * 3. Neither the name NuttX nor the names of its contributors may be
+ * used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
+ * without specific prior written permission.
+ *
+ * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
+ * "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+ * LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS
+ * FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+ * COPYRIGHT OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
+ * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING,
+ * BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS
+ * OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED
+ * AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
+ * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN
+ * ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
+ * POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+ *
+ ************************************************************************/
+
+/************************************************************************
+ * Included Files
+ ************************************************************************/
+
+#include <nuttx/config.h>
+
+#include <stdint.h>
+#include <sched.h>
+
+#include "up_internal.h"
+
+/************************************************************************
+ * Private Definitions
+ ************************************************************************/
+
+/************************************************************************
+ * Private Data
+ ************************************************************************/
+
+/************************************************************************
+ * Private Functions
+ ************************************************************************/
+
+/************************************************************************
+ * Public Functions
+ ************************************************************************/
+
+/************************************************************************
+ * Name: up_initial_state
+ *
+ * Description:
+ * A new thread is being started and a new TCB
+ * has been created. This function is called to initialize
+ * the processor specific portions of the new TCB.
+ *
+ * This function must setup the intial architecture registers
+ * and/or stack so that execution will begin at tcb->start
+ * on the next context switch.
+ *
+ ************************************************************************/
+
+void up_initial_state(FAR struct tcb_s *tcb)
+{
+ FAR uint8_t *frame = tcb->xcp.stack;
+ FAR uint8_t *regs = tcb->xcp.regs;
+
+ /* This is the form of initial stack frame
+ *
+ * This initial stack frame will be configured to hold.
+ * (1) The 16-bit return address of either:
+ *
+ * void task_start(void);
+ * void pthread_start(void)
+ *
+ * The return address is stored at the top of stack.
+ * so that the RETI instruction will work:
+ *
+ * PC15-8 <- ((SP))
+ * (SP) <- (SP) -1
+ * PC7-0 <- ((SP))
+ * (SP) <- (SP) -1
+ */
+
+ frame[FRAME_RETLS] = (((uint16_t)tcb->start) & 0xff);
+ frame[FRAME_RETMS] = (((uint16_t)tcb->start) >> 8);
+
+ /* The context save area for registers a, ie, and dpstr
+ * follows the return address in the stack frame.
+ */
+
+ frame[FRAME_IE] = 0x80;
+
+ /* Save the number of bytes in the frame (which will be used
+ * to initialize the stack pointer when the task is started).
+ */
+
+ tcb->xcp.nbytes = FRAME_SIZE;
+
+ /* Initialize the remaining register save area which is
+ * outside of the stack save area.
+ */
+
+ tcb->xcp.regs[REGS_PSW] = 0;
+}