SI-7459 Handle pattern binders used as prefixes in TypeTrees.

Match translation was incorrect for:

    case t => new t.C
    case D(t) => new d.C

We would end up with Types in TypeTrees referring to the wrong
symbols, e.g:

    // t7459a.scala
    ((x0$1: this.LM) => {
      case <synthetic> val x1: this.LM = x0$1;
      case4(){
       matchEnd3(new tttt.Node[Any]())
      };
      matchEnd3(x: Any){
        x
    }

Or:
    // t7459b.scala
     ((x0$1: CC) => {
       case <synthetic> val x1: CC = x0$1;
       case4(){
         if (x1.ne(null))
           matchEnd3(new tttt.Node[Any]())
         else
           case5()
       };

This commit:

  - Changes `bindSubPats` to traverse types, as well as terms,
    in search of references to bound symbols
  - Changes `Substitution` to reuse `Tree#substituteSymbols` rather
    than the home-brew substitution from `Tree`s to `Tree`s, if the
    `to` trees are all `Ident`s
  - extends `substIdentsForTrees` to substitute selections like
    `x1.caseField` into types.

I had to dance around the awkward handling of "swatches" (exception
handlers that can be implemented with JVM native type switches) by
duplicating trees to avoid seeing the results of `substituteSymbols`
in `caseDefs` after we abandon that approach if we detect the
patterns are too complex late in the game.

I also had to add an escape hatch for the "type selection from
volatile type" check in the type checker. Without this, the
translation of `pos/t7459c.scala`:

    case <synthetic> val x1: _$1 = (null: Test.Mirror[_]).universe;
    case5(){
      if (x1.isInstanceOf[Test.JavaUniverse])
        {
          <synthetic> val x2: _$1 with Test.JavaUniverse = (x1.asInstanceOf[_$1 with Test.JavaUniverse]: _$1 with Test.JavaUniverse);
          matchEnd4({
            val ju1: Test.JavaUniverse = x2;
            val f: () => x2.Type = (() => (null: x2.TypeTag[Nothing]).tpe);

.. triggers that error at `x2.TypeTag`.

1 files changed, 18 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/test/files/pos/t7459c.scala b/test/files/pos/t7459c.scala
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..dc2605abe6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/files/pos/t7459c.scala
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+object Test {
+  trait Universe {
+    type Type
+    type TypeTag[A] >: Null <: TypeTagApi[A]
+    trait TypeTagApi[A] { def tpe: Type }
+  }
+  trait JavaUniverse extends Universe
+
+  trait Mirror[U <: Universe] {
+    def universe: U
+  }
+  (null: Mirror[_]).universe match {
+    case ju: JavaUniverse => 
+      val ju1 = ju
+      val f = {() => (null: ju.TypeTag[Nothing]).tpe }
+  }
+  trait M[A]
+}