path: root/python/pyspark/sql/tests.py

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# this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
# The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
# (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
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"""
Unit tests for pyspark.sql; additional tests are implemented as doctests in
individual modules.
"""
import os
import sys
import pydoc
import shutil
import tempfile
import pickle
import functools
import datetime

import py4j

if sys.version_info[:2] <= (2, 6):
    try:
        import unittest2 as unittest
    except ImportError:
        sys.stderr.write('Please install unittest2 to test with Python 2.6 or earlier')
        sys.exit(1)
else:
    import unittest

from pyspark.sql import SQLContext, HiveContext, Column, Row
from pyspark.sql.types import *
from pyspark.sql.types import UserDefinedType, _infer_type
from pyspark.tests import ReusedPySparkTestCase
from pyspark.sql.functions import UserDefinedFunction


class ExamplePointUDT(UserDefinedType):
    """
    User-defined type (UDT) for ExamplePoint.
    """

    @classmethod
    def sqlType(self):
        return ArrayType(DoubleType(), False)

    @classmethod
    def module(cls):
        return 'pyspark.tests'

    @classmethod
    def scalaUDT(cls):
        return 'org.apache.spark.sql.test.ExamplePointUDT'

    def serialize(self, obj):
        return [obj.x, obj.y]

    def deserialize(self, datum):
        return ExamplePoint(datum[0], datum[1])


class ExamplePoint:
    """
    An example class to demonstrate UDT in Scala, Java, and Python.
    """

    __UDT__ = ExamplePointUDT()

    def __init__(self, x, y):
        self.x = x
        self.y = y

    def __repr__(self):
        return "ExamplePoint(%s,%s)" % (self.x, self.y)

    def __str__(self):
        return "(%s,%s)" % (self.x, self.y)

    def __eq__(self, other):
        return isinstance(other, ExamplePoint) and \
            other.x == self.x and other.y == self.y


class DataTypeTests(unittest.TestCase):
    # regression test for SPARK-6055
    def test_data_type_eq(self):
        lt = LongType()
        lt2 = pickle.loads(pickle.dumps(LongType()))
        self.assertEquals(lt, lt2)


class SQLTests(ReusedPySparkTestCase):

    @classmethod
    def setUpClass(cls):
        ReusedPySparkTestCase.setUpClass()
        cls.tempdir = tempfile.NamedTemporaryFile(delete=False)
        os.unlink(cls.tempdir.name)
        cls.sqlCtx = SQLContext(cls.sc)
        cls.testData = [Row(key=i, value=str(i)) for i in range(100)]
        rdd = cls.sc.parallelize(cls.testData, 2)
        cls.df = rdd.toDF()

    @classmethod
    def tearDownClass(cls):
        ReusedPySparkTestCase.tearDownClass()
        shutil.rmtree(cls.tempdir.name, ignore_errors=True)

    def test_udf_with_callable(self):
        d = [Row(number=i, squared=i**2) for i in range(10)]
        rdd = self.sc.parallelize(d)
        data = self.sqlCtx.createDataFrame(rdd)

        class PlusFour:
            def __call__(self, col):
                if col is not None:
                    return col + 4

        call = PlusFour()
        pudf = UserDefinedFunction(call, LongType())
        res = data.select(pudf(data['number']).alias('plus_four'))
        self.assertEqual(res.agg({'plus_four': 'sum'}).collect()[0][0], 85)

    def test_udf_with_partial_function(self):
        d = [Row(number=i, squared=i**2) for i in range(10)]
        rdd = self.sc.parallelize(d)
        data = self.sqlCtx.createDataFrame(rdd)

        def some_func(col, param):
            if col is not None:
                return col + param

        pfunc = functools.partial(some_func, param=4)
        pudf = UserDefinedFunction(pfunc, LongType())
        res = data.select(pudf(data['number']).alias('plus_four'))
        self.assertEqual(res.agg({'plus_four': 'sum'}).collect()[0][0], 85)

    def test_udf(self):
        self.sqlCtx.registerFunction("twoArgs", lambda x, y: len(x) + y, IntegerType())
        [row] = self.sqlCtx.sql("SELECT twoArgs('test', 1)").collect()
        self.assertEqual(row[0], 5)

    def test_udf2(self):
        self.sqlCtx.registerFunction("strlen", lambda string: len(string), IntegerType())
        self.sqlCtx.createDataFrame(self.sc.parallelize([Row(a="test")])).registerTempTable("test")
        [res] = self.sqlCtx.sql("SELECT strlen(a) FROM test WHERE strlen(a) > 1").collect()
        self.assertEqual(4, res[0])

    def test_udf_with_array_type(self):
        d = [Row(l=list(range(3)), d={"key": list(range(5))})]
        rdd = self.sc.parallelize(d)
        self.sqlCtx.createDataFrame(rdd).registerTempTable("test")
        self.sqlCtx.registerFunction("copylist", lambda l: list(l), ArrayType(IntegerType()))
        self.sqlCtx.registerFunction("maplen", lambda d: len(d), IntegerType())
        [(l1, l2)] = self.sqlCtx.sql("select copylist(l), maplen(d) from test").collect()
        self.assertEqual(list(range(3)), l1)
        self.assertEqual(1, l2)

    def test_broadcast_in_udf(self):
        bar = {"a": "aa", "b": "bb", "c": "abc"}
        foo = self.sc.broadcast(bar)
        self.sqlCtx.registerFunction("MYUDF", lambda x: foo.value[x] if x else '')
        [res] = self.sqlCtx.sql("SELECT MYUDF('c')").collect()
        self.assertEqual("abc", res[0])
        [res] = self.sqlCtx.sql("SELECT MYUDF('')").collect()
        self.assertEqual("", res[0])

    def test_basic_functions(self):
        rdd = self.sc.parallelize(['{"foo":"bar"}', '{"foo":"baz"}'])
        df = self.sqlCtx.jsonRDD(rdd)
        df.count()
        df.collect()
        df.schema

        # cache and checkpoint
        self.assertFalse(df.is_cached)
        df.persist()
        df.unpersist()
        df.cache()
        self.assertTrue(df.is_cached)
        self.assertEqual(2, df.count())

        df.registerTempTable("temp")
        df = self.sqlCtx.sql("select foo from temp")
        df.count()
        df.collect()

    def test_apply_schema_to_row(self):
        df = self.sqlCtx.jsonRDD(self.sc.parallelize(["""{"a":2}"""]))
        df2 = self.sqlCtx.createDataFrame(df.map(lambda x: x), df.schema)
        self.assertEqual(df.collect(), df2.collect())

        rdd = self.sc.parallelize(range(10)).map(lambda x: Row(a=x))
        df3 = self.sqlCtx.createDataFrame(rdd, df.schema)
        self.assertEqual(10, df3.count())

    def test_serialize_nested_array_and_map(self):
        d = [Row(l=[Row(a=1, b='s')], d={"key": Row(c=1.0, d="2")})]
        rdd = self.sc.parallelize(d)
        df = self.sqlCtx.createDataFrame(rdd)
        row = df.head()
        self.assertEqual(1, len(row.l))
        self.assertEqual(1, row.l[0].a)
        self.assertEqual("2", row.d["key"].d)

        l = df.map(lambda x: x.l).first()
        self.assertEqual(1, len(l))
        self.assertEqual('s', l[0].b)

        d = df.map(lambda x: x.d).first()
        self.assertEqual(1, len(d))
        self.assertEqual(1.0, d["key"].c)

        row = df.map(lambda x: x.d["key"]).first()
        self.assertEqual(1.0, row.c)
        self.assertEqual("2", row.d)

    def test_infer_schema(self):
        d = [Row(l=[], d={}, s=None),
             Row(l=[Row(a=1, b='s')], d={"key": Row(c=1.0, d="2")}, s="")]
        rdd = self.sc.parallelize(d)
        df = self.sqlCtx.createDataFrame(rdd)
        self.assertEqual([], df.map(lambda r: r.l).first())
        self.assertEqual([None, ""], df.map(lambda r: r.s).collect())
        df.registerTempTable("test")
        result = self.sqlCtx.sql("SELECT l[0].a from test where d['key'].d = '2'")
        self.assertEqual(1, result.head()[0])

        df2 = self.sqlCtx.createDataFrame(rdd, samplingRatio=1.0)
        self.assertEqual(df.schema, df2.schema)
        self.assertEqual({}, df2.map(lambda r: r.d).first())
        self.assertEqual([None, ""], df2.map(lambda r: r.s).collect())
        df2.registerTempTable("test2")
        result = self.sqlCtx.sql("SELECT l[0].a from test2 where d['key'].d = '2'")
        self.assertEqual(1, result.head()[0])

    def test_infer_nested_schema(self):
        NestedRow = Row("f1", "f2")
        nestedRdd1 = self.sc.parallelize([NestedRow([1, 2], {"row1": 1.0}),
                                          NestedRow([2, 3], {"row2": 2.0})])
        df = self.sqlCtx.inferSchema(nestedRdd1)
        self.assertEqual(Row(f1=[1, 2], f2={u'row1': 1.0}), df.collect()[0])

        nestedRdd2 = self.sc.parallelize([NestedRow([[1, 2], [2, 3]], [1, 2]),
                                          NestedRow([[2, 3], [3, 4]], [2, 3])])
        df = self.sqlCtx.inferSchema(nestedRdd2)
        self.assertEqual(Row(f1=[[1, 2], [2, 3]], f2=[1, 2]), df.collect()[0])

        from collections import namedtuple
        CustomRow = namedtuple('CustomRow', 'field1 field2')
        rdd = self.sc.parallelize([CustomRow(field1=1, field2="row1"),
                                   CustomRow(field1=2, field2="row2"),
                                   CustomRow(field1=3, field2="row3")])
        df = self.sqlCtx.inferSchema(rdd)
        self.assertEquals(Row(field1=1, field2=u'row1'), df.first())

    def test_apply_schema(self):
        from datetime import date, datetime
        rdd = self.sc.parallelize([(127, -128, -32768, 32767, 2147483647, 1.0,
                                    date(2010, 1, 1), datetime(2010, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1),
                                    {"a": 1}, (2,), [1, 2, 3], None)])
        schema = StructType([
            StructField("byte1", ByteType(), False),
            StructField("byte2", ByteType(), False),
            StructField("short1", ShortType(), False),
            StructField("short2", ShortType(), False),
            StructField("int1", IntegerType(), False),
            StructField("float1", FloatType(), False),
            StructField("date1", DateType(), False),
            StructField("time1", TimestampType(), False),
            StructField("map1", MapType(StringType(), IntegerType(), False), False),
            StructField("struct1", StructType([StructField("b", ShortType(), False)]), False),
            StructField("list1", ArrayType(ByteType(), False), False),
            StructField("null1", DoubleType(), True)])
        df = self.sqlCtx.createDataFrame(rdd, schema)
        results = df.map(lambda x: (x.byte1, x.byte2, x.short1, x.short2, x.int1, x.float1, x.date1,
                                    x.time1, x.map1["a"], x.struct1.b, x.list1, x.null1))
        r = (127, -128, -32768, 32767, 2147483647, 1.0, date(2010, 1, 1),
             datetime(2010, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1), 1, 2, [1, 2, 3], None)
        self.assertEqual(r, results.first())

        df.registerTempTable("table2")
        r = self.sqlCtx.sql("SELECT byte1 - 1 AS byte1, byte2 + 1 AS byte2, " +
                            "short1 + 1 AS short1, short2 - 1 AS short2, int1 - 1 AS int1, " +
                            "float1 + 1.5 as float1 FROM table2").first()

        self.assertEqual((126, -127, -32767, 32766, 2147483646, 2.5), tuple(r))

        from pyspark.sql.types import _parse_schema_abstract, _infer_schema_type
        rdd = self.sc.parallelize([(127, -32768, 1.0, datetime(2010, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1),
                                    {"a": 1}, (2,), [1, 2, 3])])
        abstract = "byte1 short1 float1 time1 map1{} struct1(b) list1[]"
        schema = _parse_schema_abstract(abstract)
        typedSchema = _infer_schema_type(rdd.first(), schema)
        df = self.sqlCtx.createDataFrame(rdd, typedSchema)
        r = (127, -32768, 1.0, datetime(2010, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1), {"a": 1}, Row(b=2), [1, 2, 3])
        self.assertEqual(r, tuple(df.first()))

    def test_struct_in_map(self):
        d = [Row(m={Row(i=1): Row(s="")})]
        df = self.sc.parallelize(d).toDF()
        k, v = list(df.head().m.items())[0]
        self.assertEqual(1, k.i)
        self.assertEqual("", v.s)

    def test_convert_row_to_dict(self):
        row = Row(l=[Row(a=1, b='s')], d={"key": Row(c=1.0, d="2")})
        self.assertEqual(1, row.asDict()['l'][0].a)
        df = self.sc.parallelize([row]).toDF()
        df.registerTempTable("test")
        row = self.sqlCtx.sql("select l, d from test").head()
        self.assertEqual(1, row.asDict()["l"][0].a)
        self.assertEqual(1.0, row.asDict()['d']['key'].c)

    def test_infer_schema_with_udt(self):
        from pyspark.sql.tests import ExamplePoint, ExamplePointUDT
        row = Row(label=1.0, point=ExamplePoint(1.0, 2.0))
        df = self.sc.parallelize([row]).toDF()
        schema = df.schema
        field = [f for f in schema.fields if f.name == "point"][0]
        self.assertEqual(type(field.dataType), ExamplePointUDT)
        df.registerTempTable("labeled_point")
        point = self.sqlCtx.sql("SELECT point FROM labeled_point").head().point
        self.assertEqual(point, ExamplePoint(1.0, 2.0))

    def test_apply_schema_with_udt(self):
        from pyspark.sql.tests import ExamplePoint, ExamplePointUDT
        row = (1.0, ExamplePoint(1.0, 2.0))
        rdd = self.sc.parallelize([row])
        schema = StructType([StructField("label", DoubleType(), False),
                             StructField("point", ExamplePointUDT(), False)])
        df = rdd.toDF(schema)
        point = df.head().point
        self.assertEquals(point, ExamplePoint(1.0, 2.0))

    def test_parquet_with_udt(self):
        from pyspark.sql.tests import ExamplePoint
        row = Row(label=1.0, point=ExamplePoint(1.0, 2.0))
        df0 = self.sc.parallelize([row]).toDF()
        output_dir = os.path.join(self.tempdir.name, "labeled_point")
        df0.saveAsParquetFile(output_dir)
        df1 = self.sqlCtx.parquetFile(output_dir)
        point = df1.head().point
        self.assertEquals(point, ExamplePoint(1.0, 2.0))

    def test_column_operators(self):
        ci = self.df.key
        cs = self.df.value
        c = ci == cs
        self.assertTrue(isinstance((- ci - 1 - 2) % 3 * 2.5 / 3.5, Column))
        rcc = (1 + ci), (1 - ci), (1 * ci), (1 / ci), (1 % ci)
        self.assertTrue(all(isinstance(c, Column) for c in rcc))
        cb = [ci == 5, ci != 0, ci > 3, ci < 4, ci >= 0, ci <= 7, ci and cs, ci or cs]
        self.assertTrue(all(isinstance(c, Column) for c in cb))
        cbool = (ci & ci), (ci | ci), (~ci)
        self.assertTrue(all(isinstance(c, Column) for c in cbool))
        css = cs.like('a'), cs.rlike('a'), cs.asc(), cs.desc(), cs.startswith('a'), cs.endswith('a')
        self.assertTrue(all(isinstance(c, Column) for c in css))
        self.assertTrue(isinstance(ci.cast(LongType()), Column))

    def test_column_select(self):
        df = self.df
        self.assertEqual(self.testData, df.select("*").collect())
        self.assertEqual(self.testData, df.select(df.key, df.value).collect())
        self.assertEqual([Row(value='1')], df.where(df.key == 1).select(df.value).collect())

    def test_freqItems(self):
        vals = [Row(a=1, b=-2.0) if i % 2 == 0 else Row(a=i, b=i * 1.0) for i in range(100)]
        df = self.sc.parallelize(vals).toDF()
        items = df.stat.freqItems(("a", "b"), 0.4).collect()[0]
        self.assertTrue(1 in items[0])
        self.assertTrue(-2.0 in items[1])

    def test_aggregator(self):
        df = self.df
        g = df.groupBy()
        self.assertEqual([99, 100], sorted(g.agg({'key': 'max', 'value': 'count'}).collect()[0]))
        self.assertEqual([Row(**{"AVG(key#0)": 49.5})], g.mean().collect())

        from pyspark.sql import functions
        self.assertEqual((0, u'99'),
                         tuple(g.agg(functions.first(df.key), functions.last(df.value)).first()))
        self.assertTrue(95 < g.agg(functions.approxCountDistinct(df.key)).first()[0])
        self.assertEqual(100, g.agg(functions.countDistinct(df.value)).first()[0])

    def test_corr(self):
        import math
        df = self.sc.parallelize([Row(a=i, b=math.sqrt(i)) for i in range(10)]).toDF()
        corr = df.stat.corr("a", "b")
        self.assertTrue(abs(corr - 0.95734012) < 1e-6)

    def test_cov(self):
        df = self.sc.parallelize([Row(a=i, b=2 * i) for i in range(10)]).toDF()
        cov = df.stat.cov("a", "b")
        self.assertTrue(abs(cov - 55.0 / 3) < 1e-6)

    def test_crosstab(self):
        df = self.sc.parallelize([Row(a=i % 3, b=i % 2) for i in range(1, 7)]).toDF()
        ct = df.stat.crosstab("a", "b").collect()
        ct = sorted(ct, key=lambda x: x[0])
        for i, row in enumerate(ct):
            self.assertEqual(row[0], str(i))
            self.assertTrue(row[1], 1)
            self.assertTrue(row[2], 1)

    def test_math_functions(self):
        df = self.sc.parallelize([Row(a=i, b=2 * i) for i in range(10)]).toDF()
        from pyspark.sql import mathfunctions as functions
        import math

        def get_values(l):
            return [j[0] for j in l]

        def assert_close(a, b):
            c = get_values(b)
            diff = [abs(v - c[k]) < 1e-6 for k, v in enumerate(a)]
            return sum(diff) == len(a)
        assert_close([math.cos(i) for i in range(10)],
                     df.select(functions.cos(df.a)).collect())
        assert_close([math.cos(i) for i in range(10)],
                     df.select(functions.cos("a")).collect())
        assert_close([math.sin(i) for i in range(10)],
                     df.select(functions.sin(df.a)).collect())
        assert_close([math.sin(i) for i in range(10)],
                     df.select(functions.sin(df['a'])).collect())
        assert_close([math.pow(i, 2 * i) for i in range(10)],
                     df.select(functions.pow(df.a, df.b)).collect())
        assert_close([math.pow(i, 2) for i in range(10)],
                     df.select(functions.pow(df.a, 2)).collect())
        assert_close([math.pow(i, 2) for i in range(10)],
                     df.select(functions.pow(df.a, 2.0)).collect())
        assert_close([math.hypot(i, 2 * i) for i in range(10)],
                     df.select(functions.hypot(df.a, df.b)).collect())

    def test_rand_functions(self):
        df = self.df
        from pyspark.sql import functions
        rnd = df.select('key', functions.rand()).collect()
        for row in rnd:
            assert row[1] >= 0.0 and row[1] <= 1.0, "got: %s" % row[1]
        rndn = df.select('key', functions.randn(5)).collect()
        for row in rndn:
            assert row[1] >= -4.0 and row[1] <= 4.0, "got: %s" % row[1]

    def test_between_function(self):
        df = self.sc.parallelize([
            Row(a=1, b=2, c=3),
            Row(a=2, b=1, c=3),
            Row(a=4, b=1, c=4)]).toDF()
        self.assertEqual([Row(a=2, b=1, c=3), Row(a=4, b=1, c=4)],
                         df.filter(df.a.between(df.b, df.c)).collect())

    def test_save_and_load(self):
        df = self.df
        tmpPath = tempfile.mkdtemp()
        shutil.rmtree(tmpPath)
        df.save(tmpPath, "org.apache.spark.sql.json", "error")
        actual = self.sqlCtx.load(tmpPath, "org.apache.spark.sql.json")
        self.assertTrue(sorted(df.collect()) == sorted(actual.collect()))

        schema = StructType([StructField("value", StringType(), True)])
        actual = self.sqlCtx.load(tmpPath, "org.apache.spark.sql.json", schema)
        self.assertTrue(sorted(df.select("value").collect()) == sorted(actual.collect()))

        df.save(tmpPath, "org.apache.spark.sql.json", "overwrite")
        actual = self.sqlCtx.load(tmpPath, "org.apache.spark.sql.json")
        self.assertTrue(sorted(df.collect()) == sorted(actual.collect()))

        df.save(source="org.apache.spark.sql.json", mode="overwrite", path=tmpPath,
                noUse="this options will not be used in save.")
        actual = self.sqlCtx.load(source="org.apache.spark.sql.json", path=tmpPath,
                                  noUse="this options will not be used in load.")
        self.assertTrue(sorted(df.collect()) == sorted(actual.collect()))

        defaultDataSourceName = self.sqlCtx.getConf("spark.sql.sources.default",
                                                    "org.apache.spark.sql.parquet")
        self.sqlCtx.sql("SET spark.sql.sources.default=org.apache.spark.sql.json")
        actual = self.sqlCtx.load(path=tmpPath)
        self.assertTrue(sorted(df.collect()) == sorted(actual.collect()))
        self.sqlCtx.sql("SET spark.sql.sources.default=" + defaultDataSourceName)

        shutil.rmtree(tmpPath)

    def test_help_command(self):
        # Regression test for SPARK-5464
        rdd = self.sc.parallelize(['{"foo":"bar"}', '{"foo":"baz"}'])
        df = self.sqlCtx.jsonRDD(rdd)
        # render_doc() reproduces the help() exception without printing output
        pydoc.render_doc(df)
        pydoc.render_doc(df.foo)
        pydoc.render_doc(df.take(1))

    def test_access_column(self):
        df = self.df
        self.assertTrue(isinstance(df.key, Column))
        self.assertTrue(isinstance(df['key'], Column))
        self.assertTrue(isinstance(df[0], Column))
        self.assertRaises(IndexError, lambda: df[2])
        self.assertRaises(IndexError, lambda: df["bad_key"])
        self.assertRaises(TypeError, lambda: df[{}])

    def test_access_nested_types(self):
        df = self.sc.parallelize([Row(l=[1], r=Row(a=1, b="b"), d={"k": "v"})]).toDF()
        self.assertEqual(1, df.select(df.l[0]).first()[0])
        self.assertEqual(1, df.select(df.l.getItem(0)).first()[0])
        self.assertEqual(1, df.select(df.r.a).first()[0])
        self.assertEqual("b", df.select(df.r.getField("b")).first()[0])
        self.assertEqual("v", df.select(df.d["k"]).first()[0])
        self.assertEqual("v", df.select(df.d.getItem("k")).first()[0])

    def test_infer_long_type(self):
        longrow = [Row(f1='a', f2=100000000000000)]
        df = self.sc.parallelize(longrow).toDF()
        self.assertEqual(df.schema.fields[1].dataType, LongType())

        # this saving as Parquet caused issues as well.
        output_dir = os.path.join(self.tempdir.name, "infer_long_type")
        df.saveAsParquetFile(output_dir)
        df1 = self.sqlCtx.parquetFile(output_dir)
        self.assertEquals('a', df1.first().f1)
        self.assertEquals(100000000000000, df1.first().f2)

        self.assertEqual(_infer_type(1), LongType())
        self.assertEqual(_infer_type(2**10), LongType())
        self.assertEqual(_infer_type(2**20), LongType())
        self.assertEqual(_infer_type(2**31 - 1), LongType())
        self.assertEqual(_infer_type(2**31), LongType())
        self.assertEqual(_infer_type(2**61), LongType())
        self.assertEqual(_infer_type(2**71), LongType())

    def test_filter_with_datetime(self):
        time = datetime.datetime(2015, 4, 17, 23, 1, 2, 3000)
        date = time.date()
        row = Row(date=date, time=time)
        df = self.sqlCtx.createDataFrame([row])
        self.assertEqual(1, df.filter(df.date == date).count())
        self.assertEqual(1, df.filter(df.time == time).count())
        self.assertEqual(0, df.filter(df.date > date).count())
        self.assertEqual(0, df.filter(df.time > time).count())

    def test_dropna(self):
        schema = StructType([
            StructField("name", StringType(), True),
            StructField("age", IntegerType(), True),
            StructField("height", DoubleType(), True)])

        # shouldn't drop a non-null row
        self.assertEqual(self.sqlCtx.createDataFrame(
            [(u'Alice', 50, 80.1)], schema).dropna().count(),
            1)

        # dropping rows with a single null value
        self.assertEqual(self.sqlCtx.createDataFrame(
            [(u'Alice', None, 80.1)], schema).dropna().count(),
            0)
        self.assertEqual(self.sqlCtx.createDataFrame(
            [(u'Alice', None, 80.1)], schema).dropna(how='any').count(),
            0)

        # if how = 'all', only drop rows if all values are null
        self.assertEqual(self.sqlCtx.createDataFrame(
            [(u'Alice', None, 80.1)], schema).dropna(how='all').count(),
            1)
        self.assertEqual(self.sqlCtx.createDataFrame(
            [(None, None, None)], schema).dropna(how='all').count(),
            0)

        # how and subset
        self.assertEqual(self.sqlCtx.createDataFrame(
            [(u'Alice', 50, None)], schema).dropna(how='any', subset=['name', 'age']).count(),
            1)
        self.assertEqual(self.sqlCtx.createDataFrame(
            [(u'Alice', None, None)], schema).dropna(how='any', subset=['name', 'age']).count(),
            0)

        # threshold
        self.assertEqual(self.sqlCtx.createDataFrame(
            [(u'Alice', None, 80.1)], schema).dropna(thresh=2).count(),
            1)
        self.assertEqual(self.sqlCtx.createDataFrame(
            [(u'Alice', None, None)], schema).dropna(thresh=2).count(),
            0)

        # threshold and subset
        self.assertEqual(self.sqlCtx.createDataFrame(
            [(u'Alice', 50, None)], schema).dropna(thresh=2, subset=['name', 'age']).count(),
            1)
        self.assertEqual(self.sqlCtx.createDataFrame(
            [(u'Alice', None, 180.9)], schema).dropna(thresh=2, subset=['name', 'age']).count(),
            0)

        # thresh should take precedence over how
        self.assertEqual(self.sqlCtx.createDataFrame(
            [(u'Alice', 50, None)], schema).dropna(
                how='any', thresh=2, subset=['name', 'age']).count(),
            1)

    def test_fillna(self):
        schema = StructType([
            StructField("name", StringType(), True),
            StructField("age", IntegerType(), True),
            StructField("height", DoubleType(), True)])

        # fillna shouldn't change non-null values
        row = self.sqlCtx.createDataFrame([(u'Alice', 10, 80.1)], schema).fillna(50).first()
        self.assertEqual(row.age, 10)

        # fillna with int
        row = self.sqlCtx.createDataFrame([(u'Alice', None, None)], schema).fillna(50).first()
        self.assertEqual(row.age, 50)
        self.assertEqual(row.height, 50.0)

        # fillna with double
        row = self.sqlCtx.createDataFrame([(u'Alice', None, None)], schema).fillna(50.1).first()
        self.assertEqual(row.age, 50)
        self.assertEqual(row.height, 50.1)

        # fillna with string
        row = self.sqlCtx.createDataFrame([(None, None, None)], schema).fillna("hello").first()
        self.assertEqual(row.name, u"hello")
        self.assertEqual(row.age, None)

        # fillna with subset specified for numeric cols
        row = self.sqlCtx.createDataFrame(
            [(None, None, None)], schema).fillna(50, subset=['name', 'age']).first()
        self.assertEqual(row.name, None)
        self.assertEqual(row.age, 50)
        self.assertEqual(row.height, None)

        # fillna with subset specified for numeric cols
        row = self.sqlCtx.createDataFrame(
            [(None, None, None)], schema).fillna("haha", subset=['name', 'age']).first()
        self.assertEqual(row.name, "haha")
        self.assertEqual(row.age, None)
        self.assertEqual(row.height, None)


class HiveContextSQLTests(ReusedPySparkTestCase):

    @classmethod
    def setUpClass(cls):
        ReusedPySparkTestCase.setUpClass()
        cls.tempdir = tempfile.NamedTemporaryFile(delete=False)
        try:
            cls.sc._jvm.org.apache.hadoop.hive.conf.HiveConf()
        except py4j.protocol.Py4JError:
            cls.sqlCtx = None
            return
        except TypeError:
            cls.sqlCtx = None
            return
        os.unlink(cls.tempdir.name)
        _scala_HiveContext =\
            cls.sc._jvm.org.apache.spark.sql.hive.test.TestHiveContext(cls.sc._jsc.sc())
        cls.sqlCtx = HiveContext(cls.sc, _scala_HiveContext)
        cls.testData = [Row(key=i, value=str(i)) for i in range(100)]
        cls.df = cls.sc.parallelize(cls.testData).toDF()

    @classmethod
    def tearDownClass(cls):
        ReusedPySparkTestCase.tearDownClass()
        shutil.rmtree(cls.tempdir.name, ignore_errors=True)

    def test_save_and_load_table(self):
        if self.sqlCtx is None:
            return  # no hive available, skipped

        df = self.df
        tmpPath = tempfile.mkdtemp()
        shutil.rmtree(tmpPath)
        df.saveAsTable("savedJsonTable", "org.apache.spark.sql.json", "append", path=tmpPath)
        actual = self.sqlCtx.createExternalTable("externalJsonTable", tmpPath,
                                                 "org.apache.spark.sql.json")
        self.assertTrue(
            sorted(df.collect()) ==
            sorted(self.sqlCtx.sql("SELECT * FROM savedJsonTable").collect()))
        self.assertTrue(
            sorted(df.collect()) ==
            sorted(self.sqlCtx.sql("SELECT * FROM externalJsonTable").collect()))
        self.assertTrue(sorted(df.collect()) == sorted(actual.collect()))
        self.sqlCtx.sql("DROP TABLE externalJsonTable")

        df.saveAsTable("savedJsonTable", "org.apache.spark.sql.json", "overwrite", path=tmpPath)
        schema = StructType([StructField("value", StringType(), True)])
        actual = self.sqlCtx.createExternalTable("externalJsonTable",
                                                 source="org.apache.spark.sql.json",
                                                 schema=schema, path=tmpPath,
                                                 noUse="this options will not be used")
        self.assertTrue(
            sorted(df.collect()) ==
            sorted(self.sqlCtx.sql("SELECT * FROM savedJsonTable").collect()))
        self.assertTrue(
            sorted(df.select("value").collect()) ==
            sorted(self.sqlCtx.sql("SELECT * FROM externalJsonTable").collect()))
        self.assertTrue(sorted(df.select("value").collect()) == sorted(actual.collect()))
        self.sqlCtx.sql("DROP TABLE savedJsonTable")
        self.sqlCtx.sql("DROP TABLE externalJsonTable")

        defaultDataSourceName = self.sqlCtx.getConf("spark.sql.sources.default",
                                                    "org.apache.spark.sql.parquet")
        self.sqlCtx.sql("SET spark.sql.sources.default=org.apache.spark.sql.json")
        df.saveAsTable("savedJsonTable", path=tmpPath, mode="overwrite")
        actual = self.sqlCtx.createExternalTable("externalJsonTable", path=tmpPath)
        self.assertTrue(
            sorted(df.collect()) ==
            sorted(self.sqlCtx.sql("SELECT * FROM savedJsonTable").collect()))
        self.assertTrue(
            sorted(df.collect()) ==
            sorted(self.sqlCtx.sql("SELECT * FROM externalJsonTable").collect()))
        self.assertTrue(sorted(df.collect()) == sorted(actual.collect()))
        self.sqlCtx.sql("DROP TABLE savedJsonTable")
        self.sqlCtx.sql("DROP TABLE externalJsonTable")
        self.sqlCtx.sql("SET spark.sql.sources.default=" + defaultDataSourceName)

        shutil.rmtree(tmpPath)

if __name__ == "__main__":
    unittest.main()